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Chem3401_Wk5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Carbohydrate | The most abundant class of bioorganic molecules consisting of a polyhydroxy aldehyde, a polyhydroxy ketone or a compound that yields polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones upon hydrolysis. |
| Biochemistry | The study of the chemical substances found in living organisms and the chemical interactions of these substances with each other |
| Monosaccharide | A carbohydrate that contains a single polyhydroxy aldehyde or polyhydroxy ketone unit |
| Disaccharide | A carbohydrate in which two monosaccharides are bonded together by a glycoside linkage |
| Polysaccharide | A polymer that contains many monosaccharide units bonded to each other through glycosides linkages; also known as glycans |
| Lipid | An organic compound found in living organisms that is insoluble in water but soluble in non-polar organic solvents |
| Fatty acid | A naturally occurring monocarboxylic acid that nearly always contains an even number of carbon atoms in an unbranched chain. |
| Triacylglycerol | A lipid formed by esterification of three fatty acids to a glycerol molecule |
| Essential fatty acid | A fatty acid needed in the human body that must be obtained from dietary sources because it cannot be synthesized within the body in adequate amounts from other substances. |
| Phospholipid | A lipid that contains one or more fatty acids, a phosphate group, a platform molecule to which the fatty acid and the phosphate group are attached, and an alcohol that us attached to the phosphate group |
| Cholesterol | A steroid whose structure is based on a fused-ring system that involves three 6-membered rings and one 5-membered ring |
| Cell membrane | A lipid-based structure that separates a cell’s aqueous-based interior from the aqueous environment surrounding a cell. |
| Hormone | A biochemical substance, produced by a ductless gland, that has a messenger function. |
| Protein | A naturally occurring, unbranched polymer in which the monomer units are amino acids. |
| Amino acid | An organic compound that contains both an amino group and a carboxyl group. |
| Peptide | An unbranched chain of amino acids, each joined to the next by a peptide bond |
| Immunoglobulin | A glycoprotein produced by an organism as a protective response to the invasion of microorganisms or foreign molecules |
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blaisemyers
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