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Biblical Hebrew 01
Fundamental Biblical Hebrew by Andrew H. Bartelt chapter 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| List the bgdkpt letters | ב ג ד כ פ ת |
| What rules govern the bgdkpt letters? | They have both hard & soft sounds. A "dagesh lene" marks the hard sound. Absence of the "dagesh lene" marks soft sound |
| Which letters have a final form? | (כ(ך) מ(ם) נ(ן) פ(ף) צ(ץ |
| What are the guttural letters? | אהחע(ר), these letters cannot be doubled with a dagesh forte |
| short vowel, patah (fAther) - (vowel family A) | בַּ |
| short vowel, segol (bEt) - (vowel family (E)/I) | בֶּ |
| short vowel, hireq (bIt) - (vowel family (E)/I) | בִּ |
| short vowel, qames hatup (bOttle) - (vowel family (O)/U) | בָּ |
| short vowel, qibbus (bUt) - (vowel family (O)/U) | בֻּ |
| long vowel, qames (fAther) - (vowel family A) | בָּ |
| long vowel, sere (thEy) - (vowel family (E)/I) | בֵּ |
| long vowel, holem (bOne) - (vowel family (O)/U) | בֹּ |
| long vowel, qames, with mater letter - (vowel family A) | בָּה |
| long vowel, sere/segol, with mater letter - (vowel family (E)/I) | (בֵּי (בֶּי |
| long vowel, hireq, with mater letter - (vowel family (E)/I) | בִּי |
| long vowel, holem, with mater letter - (vowel family (O)/U) | בֺּו |
| long vowel, sureq (considered to be with mater letter) - (vowel family (O)/U) | בּוּ |
| dagesh lene | indicates bgdkpt letters are using their hard sound |
| dagesh forte | indicates letter is being doubled, if it appears in a bgdkpt letter, the letter is both doubled and hard. |
| mappiq | looks like a dagesh but is used to mark a ה that is used as a consonant instead of a mater letter. |
| composite shewa | used by guttural letters in place of a regular vocal shewa |
| furtive patah | usually appears before a final guttural, especially ח or ע, for the sake of pronunciation. |
| אָב | father (m) |
| אִישׁ | man, husband (m) |
| אֶרֶץ | earth (f) |
| בֵּן | son (m) |
| בֹּ֜קֶר | morning (m) |
| דָּבָר | word, think, matter (m) |
| יוֹם | day (m) |
| לַ֜יְלָה | night (m) |
| מֶ֜לֶךּ | king (m) |
| מִשְׁפָּט | justice, judgement (m) |
| נַ֜עַר | boy, lad (m) |
| סֵ֜פֶר | scroll (m) |
| עֶ֜בֶד | servant, slave (m) |
| עֶ֜רֶב | evening (m) |
| תּוֹרָה | "Torah," instruction, "law" (f) |
| Vocal Shewa | regular is alone under a letter ( בְּ ) and makes a short "e" sound. composites appear under gutturals and take the short vowel of that family with a shewa to the right of the vowel, together appear under the letter. Vocal shewa only in open syllables. |
| List vocal shewas | hatap-petah ( אֲ ) - hatep-segol ( אֱ ) - hatep-qames ( אֳ ) - |
Created by:
dollygal
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