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Sci7-Solutions

TermDefinition
mixture a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined
solution a mixture in which two or more substances are so completely blended that it looks like it is only one substance (homogeneous)
homogeneous a mixture that is the same throughout and all particles are evenly distributed and cannot be separated by a filter.
heterogeneous a mixture that is not the same throughout and the individual substances can be easily separated
colloid a mixture in which medium sized particles are mixed into a gas, liquid or solid and stay evenly mixed; the particles are large enough to scatter light (make a liquid mixture cloudy)
suspension mixture with large particles that do not stay evenly mixed over time and eventually settle out at the top or bottom of the liquid
solue a solid, liquid or gas that is dissolved into a solution, generally the smaller quantity
solvent a solid, liquid or gas that is dissolving another substance to make a solution, generally the larger quantity
concentration the measure of the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent
concetration formula concentration = mass of solute divided by the volume of solvent
dilute solution a solution that contains a relatively small amount of solute
concentrated solution a solution that contains a relatively large amount of solute
saturated solution a solution that contains the most solute that can be completely dissolved in a given amount of solvent
supersaturated solution a solution that contains more solute than is normally possible. This is done by heating the solution, creating a saturated solution and then lowering the temperature slowly.
solubility the ability of a solute to dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a certain temperature and pressure
surface area the area of a solute that is exposed to or in direct contact with the solvent
acid a substance that produces positively charged ions when dissolved in water
base a substance that produces negatively charged ions when dissolved in water
pH scale a scale from 0-14 that measure the concentration of ions in a solution.
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