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1.2.4 Types of

QuestionAnswer
Programming Paradigm “The word ‘paradigm’ means to describe an example or pattern. In a Computing context, this means to describe a computational way of doing things. So a Programming Paradigm is a style or way of programming. E.g. Low-Level languages, High-Level languages,
Procedural Language “Any high level language in which program statements can be grouped in self-contained blocks called procedures and functions. These procedures have their own variables, not accessible outside the procedure.”
Assembly Language “A language which is related very closely to the computer’s own machine code. ”
Machine Code “Set of all possible instructions made available by the hardware design of a particular processor. Closest to pure binary.”
Low Level Language “A language which is close to machine code. Related closely to the design of the machine. A one-to-one language”
High Level Language “A language designed to help a programmer express a computer program in a way that reflects the problem that is being solved, rather than the details of how the computer will produce the solution. One-to-many language.”
LMC Little Man Computer: “An instructional model of a computer, created by Dr. Stuart Madnick in 1965. The LMC is generally used to teach students, because it models a simple von Neumann architecture computer - which has all of the basic features of a modern
Immediate Addressing “Uses the data in the address field, not as an address, but as a constant that is needed by the program. An example is a routine counting up to 10, which may have the constant ‘10’ supplied in the address field of an instruction. Although the address fi
Direct Addressing “Uses the data in the address field without change. This is the simplest method of addressing and also the most common.”
Indirect Addressing “Uses the address field to hold the address of a location that contains the required address.
Indexed Addressing This means the OPERAND is a reference to an address in memory used to store an ARRAY , An array should be stored in locations in order (E.G Address 10 to 60) , We can use what is called an INDEX REGISTER to decide which part of the array to look at
OO Object Orientation: “Looking at systems by classifying them into real world objects”
OOP Object Oriented Programming : “A method of programming which classifies real world objects into classes and encapsulates those objects attributes and behaviours.”
Class “A blueprint that contains Methods and Properties"
Object “An instance or copy of a class.”
Base Class “Base class contains attributes and methods. It is the highest class and does not inherit from any other class.”
Superclass “A class that can be inherited and extended by a SUB CLASS (for example a SUB CLASS dog can inherit from the SUPER CLASS animal)
Subclass “A class that extends another class. The subclass inherits the methods and attributes of the class it extends.”
Derived Class “A derived class is any class that inherits attributes and methods from any other derived class or base class.”
Instantiation “The process of creating an actual named instance of class. The instantiated named copy of the class in an object of that class.”
Method “A program routine contained within an object designed to perform a particular task on the data within the object. A method can broadly be thought of as a procedure / function from more traditional procedural programming languages.”
Attribute “A single bit of data within a record or object”
Inheritance “When a derived class is defined it also has all the attributes and methods of the base class.”
Encapsulation “All of the object's attributes are contained and hidden in the object and access to them is restricted to operations of that class.” Gives an object the methods, attributes of a class and says what it can and cannot access.
Polymorphism Allows you to create multiple methods with the same name but use it for a different purpose
Created by: ametcalfecfs
 

 



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