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Semiconductors
LC Physics
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Semiconductor | Substance whose resistivity is between that of a good conductor and a good insulator. |
| Hole | When an electron breaks free from a covalent bond it leaves behind a gap in the atom called a positive hole. |
| Intrinsic Conduction | Conduction in a pure semiconductor due to an equal amount of electrons and positive holes. |
| Extrinsic Conduction | Conduction in a doped semiconductor which has an unequal amount of electrons and positive holes. |
| Thermistor | Semiconductor whose resistance decreases rapidly with an increase in temperature. |
| LDR | A light dependent resistor is a semiconductor whose conductivity is increased with an increase in light shining on it. i.e. resistance decreases as light intensity increases. |
| Doping | The addition of small controlled amounts of certain impurities to a pure semiconductor to increase conductivity. e.g. Adding boron or phosphorus to silicon |
| N-Type Semiconductor | This is where the pure semiconductor is doped with an element with more outer electrons. e.g. adding phosphorous to silicon. |
| P-Type Semiconductor | This is where the pure semiconductor is doped with an element with fewer outer electrons. e.g. adding boron to silicon. |
| P-N Junction | Boundary between p-type and n-type in a semiconductor. |
| Depletion Layer | This is the region where the p-type and n-type meet creating a region that contains no free majority charge carriers and hence behaves as an insulator. Formed when free electrons in the n-type wander into the p-type and free holes wander into the n-type. |
| Junction Voltage | The potential difference across a p-n junction caused by holes and electrons moving across the junction. When the voltage across the diode exceeds the junction voltage the depletion layer will break down and large current flows. |
| Forward Biased Diode | When a diode conducts current. P-type is connected to positive terminal and n-type is connected to negative terminal. |
| Reverse Biased Diode | When a diode does not conduct current. P-type is connected to negative terminal and n-type is connected to the positive terminal. |
| Rectification | Using a diode to convert a.c. to d.c. |
Created by:
mduffy13
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