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NREMT test level 2
NREMT practice test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| According to your county's protocol, as an EMT, you are required to request medical direction via radio prior to the administration of prescribed nitroglycerin. This is called: | Online medical direction - question is not asking about the protocol it is asking the type of direction you are given by medical control |
| When a patient is breathing at a rapid rate (40 bpm) and that breathing is shallow, the patient is at risk of: | having low amounts of minute volume - When a patient breathes rapidly but shallowly, there is a reduction in minute volume as they are inhaling a low volume of air,(respiratory rate × tidal volume (the volume of air inhaled.) |
| What is a coup-contrecoup injury caused by? | An event with rapid acceleration/deceleration events such as front, rear, or lateral MVA. Causing patient's head moving back and forth with great force, resulting in the brain bounces on the skull (coupe-contrecoup injury). |
| Injury to which portion of the spine is most frequently associated with priapism? | Cervical spine - The cervical spine is the first 7 spinal bones (C1–C7 vertebrae) in the spinal column (search images of the spine to aid you with this visualization). Nerves that come from this region go down to the genitalia. |
| What are the assessments used in the Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale? | Facial Droop, Arm Drift, slurred speech |
| You respond to a call for a 16-year-old female with a history of epilepsy who is experiencing a tonic-clonic seizure. What is an appropriate intervention? | Loosen any restrictive clothing and protect the patient from injury. |
| A glucose reading below what value would indicate a hypoglycemic emergency? | 80 (normal blood glucose levels in adult patients are 80 to 120 mg/dL |
| A female fell from a tree. She is A/O x4. However, upon assessment you find part of her chest is moving in the opposite direction and you hear crackling under the skin. These findings indicate significant mechanisms of injury called: | Paradoxical motion and subcutaneous emphysema - Paradoxical motion =a segment of the chest moving in the opposite direction usually caused by a flail chest. Subcutaneous emphysema is a crackling sensation felt on palpation of the skin, caused by the pres |
| Braxton Hicks contractions are: | Painless, short, and irregular contractions that start around week 6 but can not be felt until about the 13th week of pregnancy. They are considered false labor. |
| What causes an allergic reaction, for example, to a bee sting? | The body responds to a usually harmless occurrence by releasing histamines and leukotrienes, leading to bronchoconstriction and vasodilation, promoting blood flow to the area to fight off the “foreign invader.” |
| What do crackles indicate upon auscultation of lung sounds? | fluid in the lungs - These wet, crackling breath sounds are also called rales and are generally heard upon inspiration and expiration. |
| In general, what area of safety should EMS personnel set up during a hazardous materials incident? | cold zone - should be a safe distance away from the contaminated site so that contaminants cannot reach the area where patients are being treated. |
| When is it appropriate to use a nasopharyngeal airway rather than an oropharyngeal airway? | Use a nasopharyngeal airway in a patient w/ an intact gag reflex with no visible CSF (a white, milky fluid) in their ear canals or nares. If there is a physical obstruction in the oropharynx, it must be cleared before any type of airway is inserted. |
| A 50-year-old male patient with known CAD and angina will likely have a prescription for: | Both nitroglycerin and aspirin |
| MVA - 32-yo male 20 yards from where his motorcycle collided with a minivan. Victim is wearing a helmet, pulse: 80 BPM, he appears to be breathing normally, but you are unsure because his helmet is too large. Should you remove his helmet? Why or why not? | You should remove the helmet because you cannot properly access the airway, & the helmet is to large. In some situations, it may be appropriate to leave a helmet ion if it fits correctly, the patient is not in cardiac arrest, & you can access the airway |
| You are transporting a patient to dialysis when he becomes unconscious. When assessing his blood pressure, what should you avoid? | When managing a patient with an AV fistula, you should always avoid taking the patient’s blood pressure from the arm with the fistula. |
| If a baby’s Apgar score is 4–6, this indicates: | A score of 7–10 usually indicates a normal baby. A score of 4–6 is moderately abnormal and means the baby needs more stimulation and requires oxygen. A score of 0–3 indicates the baby is in critical condition & needs high-quality CPR and rapid transport |
| What valve opens during left ventricular contraction, and what valve closes? | If the left ventricle is contracting, it wants to push the blood it contains to the body. So the aortic valve opens, and the bicuspid valve located between the between the left atrium and left ventricle closes to prevent backflow of blood. |
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