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Maus Vocabulary
Chapters 1-3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Adolf Hitler | Nazi party leader, 1919–1945. German Chancellor, 1933–1945. Called Führer, or supreme leader, by the Nazis |
| Allies | a group of 26 nations led by Great Britain, the United States, and the Soviet Union that opposed Germany, Italy, and Japan (known as the Axis partners) in World War II |
| anti-Semitism | prejudice or discrimination against Jews—dislike, fear, and persecution of Jews |
| annihilate | to totally destroy; to make extinct; Hitler wanted to annihilate the Jewish population in Europe. |
| Aryan | term used in Nazi Germany to refer to non-Jewish and non-Roma (Gypsy) Caucasians; Northern Europeans with especially “Nordic” features such as blonde hair and blue eyes were considered by so-called race scientists to be the most superior of Aryans. |
| Auschwitz-Birkenau | largest of the Nazi concentration camps, located in southwestern Poland; More than one million Jews were murdered there. All inhabitants of the Secret Annex were sent from Westerbork to Auschwitz in September 1944. |
| Bergen-Belsen | a concentration camp in northern Germany; Epidemics, overcrowding, and planned starvation in this camp led to the deaths of more than 34,168 people, including Anne and Margot Frank. |
| Birkenau | Nazi camp also known as Auschwitz II (see Auschwitz-Birkenau above); Birkenau contained systematic mass killing operations. It also housed thousands of concentration camp prisoners deployed at forced labor. |
| concentration camps | prison camps that held large numbers of Jews, other members of persecuted minorities (homosexual men and women, Gypsies, political and religious opponents of the Nazis, resistance fighters), and others considered enemies of the state; People died . |
| Dachau | the first Nazi concentration camp, located in southern Germany and erected in 1933; Nazi doctors and scientists used prisoners from Dachau as guinea pigs for experiments. The camp was liberated by American troops in April 1945 |
| death camps | Nazi extermination centers where Jews and other victims were brought to be killed as part of Hitler’s Final Solution |
| Der Stürmer | an anti-Semitic tabloid style newspaper published during World War II; It acted as Nazi propaganda and often included racist caricatures. |
| deportation | forced removal of Jews in Nazi-occupied countries from their homes |
| dictatorship | a country or government ruled by a dictator (one person who exercises absolute power) |
| displaced persons | people who are forced to leave their home country because of war, persecution, or natural disaster; refugees |
| fascism | a social and political ideology that held as a primary guiding principle that the state or nation is the highest priority, rather than personal or individual freedoms |
| Final Solution | a Nazi plan for the genocide of all of Europe’s Jewish population during World War II |
| forced-labor camps | camps where prisoners were used as slave labor |
| genocide | the deliberate and systematic destruction of a racial, political, cultural, or religious group |
| gestapo | secret state police; Prior to the outbreak of war, the gestapo used brutal methods to investigate and suppress resistance to Nazi rule within Germany. After 1939, the gestapo expanded its operations into Nazi-occupied Europe. |
| ghetto | a section of a city where Jews were forced to live, usually with several families living in one house, separated from the rest of the city by walls or wire fences, and often sealed; They were used primarily as a station for gathering Jews... |
| Holocaust | the state-sponsored systematic persecution and annihilation of European citizens by Nazi Germany and its collaborators between 1933 and 1945; Jews were the primary victims. Six million were murdered. |
| killing centers | Nazi-established killing centers for efficient mass murder; Unlike concentration camps, which served primarily as detention and labor centers, killing centers (also referred to as “extermination camps” or “death camps”). |
| Kristallnacht | German for “Night of Broken Glass”; A mass pogrom of Nazi violence against Jews and their stores and synagogues in November 1938. There was intense looting and destruction of property, and 35,000 Jewish men were sent to labor or concentration camps. |
| master race | Hitler’s ideal was to create a “superior” race of only Aryan descent. He wanted to do this by eliminating “subhumans,” such as Jews, Gypsies, enemies of the state, and handicapped or unproductive people. |
| Mein Kampf | German for “My Struggle,” Hitler’s autobiography, which he wrote while in prison after the November 1923 failed “Beer Hall Putsch”; In it, Hitler explains his beliefs and plans for the future of the German nation. |
| Nazi | a member of the far-right National Socialist German Workers' Party. |
| occupation | control of a country by a foreign military power; The Netherlands was occupied by the Nazi government of Germany. |
| persecution | ill-treatment or hostility often due to race or political or religious beliefs |
| pogrom | an organized massacre of or attack on Jews |
| propaganda | false or semi-true information used by a government, political party, or some other group that was intended to sway the opinions of the population; The Nazis had a minister of propaganda... |
| Reich | German word for empire |
| Reichstag | the German parliament; On February 27, 1933, a staged fire burned the Reichstag building. A month later, on March 23, 1933, the Reichstag approved the Enabling Act which gave Hitler unlimited dictatorial power. |
| SS | stood for the abbreviation of Schutzstaffel, the black-shirted elite guard of Hitler; Later the SS was the political police in charge of the concentration and death camps. They established control of the police and security systems, forming police state. |
| swastika | an ancient symbol, based on a good luck symbol from India, appropriated by the Nazis as their emblem |
| Third Reich | the “third empire” of Germany; It was the Nazi name for Germany, declared by Hitler, and was used from January 1933 to April 1945. |
| Treaty of Versaille | the peace treaty that officially ended World War I between Germany and the allies; It placed all the blame on Germany. |
| Warsaw Ghetto | a predominantly Jewish area in the capital of Poland; In 1940, it was enclosed and walled in, and eventually confined nearly 500,000 Jews. Starvation, disease, unsanitary conditions, and shootings led to the deaths of 45,000 individuals in 1941. |
| Weimar Republic | The German republic was established in 1919 after World War I. It was an experiment in democracy from 1919 to 1933 until Hitler came into power in 1933. |
| World War I | Also called the Great War, it was an international conflict fought mainly in Europe and the Middle East, between the Central Powers (mainly Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey) and the Allies. |
| yellow star | the six-pointed Star of David; a Jewish symbol that the Nazis forced Jews above the age of six to wear. It was considered a mark of shame and made Jews visible. |
| Yiddish | a language that combines aspects of German and Hebrew |
Created by:
Mr. Tucker