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Patho Quiz 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Water movement between the ICF and ECF compartments is determined by: | osmotic forces |
| Which of the following conditions would cause the nurse to monitor for hyperkalemia? | Acute acidosis |
| When planning care for a dehydrated patient, the nurse remembers that the principle of water balance is closely related to the balance of: | sodium. |
| A 5-year-old male presents to the ER with delirium and sunken eyes. After diagnosing him with severe dehydration, the primary care provider orders fluid replacement. The nurse administers a hypertonic intravenous solution. Which of the following would be | Intracellular dehydration |
| Which finding would support the diagnosis of respiratory acidosis? | Pneumonia |
| A 60-year-old male with a 30-year history of smoking is diagnosed with a hormone-secreting lung tumor. Further testing indicates that the tumor secretes ADH. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse expect? | Confusion Weakness Nausea Muscle twitching |
| While planning care for elderly individuals, the nurse remembers the elderly are at a higher risk for developing dehydration because they have: | decreased muscle mass. |
| A nurse recalls that an example of an immune-complex-mediated disease is: | serum sickness. |
| A person is given an attenuated antigen as a vaccine. When the person asks what was given in the vaccine, how should the nurse respond? The antigen is: | alive, but less infectious. |
| In addition to matching ABO antigens, a blood transfusion must also be matched for: | Rh antigen. |
| When the maternal immune system becomes sensitized against antigens expressed by the fetus, what type of immune reaction occurs? | Alloimmune |
| The nurse would correctly respond that the etiology of a congenital immune deficiency is due to a(n): | genetic defect. |
| An infant is experiencing hemolytic disease of the newborn. Which of the following would the nurse expect to find in the infant’s history and physical? | The baby is Rh positive. |
| When a patient asks the nurse what hypersensitivity is, how should the nurse respond? Hypersensitivity is best defined as: | an excessive or inappropriate response of the immune system to a sensitizing antigen. |
| A patient presents with poison ivy on the extremities, face, and buttocks after an initial exposure 48 hours ago. This condition is an example of: | delayed hypersensitivity. |
| A cell that does not contain a multiple of 23 chromosomes is called a _____ cell. | polyploid |
| A patient, age 9, is admitted to a pediatric unit with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. When planning care, the nurse recalls the patient inherited this condition through a trait that is: | X-linked recessive. |
| The condition in which an extra portion of a chromosome is present in each cell is called: | partial trisomy. |
| What is the most common cause of Down syndrome? | Maternal nondisjunction |
| A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome. What is the nurse’s best response? | Pregnancy in women over age 35 |
| A 40-year-old female’s Pap smear indicates abnormal changes in the shape and organization of cervical cells. Which term would be used to identify this type of change? | Dysplasia |
| A group of prison inmates developed tuberculosis following exposure to an infected inmate. On examination, tissues were soft and granular (like clumped cheese). Which of the following is the most likely cause? | Caseous necrosis |
| A newborn male is diagnosed with albinism based on skin, eye, and hair appearance. Which finding will support this diagnosis? | Inability to convert tyrosine to DOPA (3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) |
| A 20-year-old male presents to the emergency department with a jagged sharp-force injury that is longer than it is deep. Which type of wound will the nurse be caring for? | Incised wound |
| A 55-year-old male with a 30-year history of smoking is examined for respiratory disturbance. Examination of his airway (bronchial) reveals that stratified squamous epithelial cells have replaced the normal columnar ciliated cells. This type of cellular a | metaplasia. |
| A 50-year-old female became infected with Clostridium bacteria and died a week later. Examination of her red blood cells revealed lysis of membranes. Which of the following was the most likely cause of her death? | Gas gangrene |
| When planning care for a cardiac patient, the nurse knows that in response to an increased workload, cardiac myocardial cells will experience hypertrophy which is an: | increase in size. |
Created by:
acoyaya