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Gilbert 2204 final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In a modern feathering propeller, what forces are used to move the propeller blades to high blade angle? | springs, air pressure in the dome, and/or counterweights |
| In the Hartzell and McCauley feathering propellers, what is used to keep the propeller blades in low pitch when the engine is shutdown? | spring loaded latch mechanisms |
| In a propeller anti-icing (slinger ring) system, what is used to control the output of the pressure pump? | A Rheostat |
| What is the result of ice of accumulating on a propeller blade? | Thrust will be decreased and vibration will increase |
| What is the purpose of the lift rod in the governor of the feathering propeller system? | It raises the pilot valve allowing oil pressure to be released from the propeller |
| The Hartzell Compact propeller uses ___________________ to force the propeller into feather. | Accumulator air pressure |
| What type of fluid is generally utilized for propeller anti-icing systems? | Isopropyl Alcohol |
| Why are automatic synchronization systems used on aircraft propeller systems? | To control engine RPM and reduce vibration |
| What is used in the Hydromatic propeller as a source to force the propeller into a selected position? | oil pressure |
| What occurs in the Hydromatic propeller distributor valve during the unfeathering operation? | It will shift to reverse the oil passages to the piston in the propeller dome. |
| In a slinger ring propeller anti-icing system _______________________ is used to eject fluid onto the propeller. | centrifugal force |
| In the propeller electric deicer system _________________________ are used to transfer/bridge the stationary engine power source and the rotating propeller deicer boots. | slip rings and brushes |
| How can the proper operation of an electric deicer system be determined? | check ammeter movement and feel the boots for sequence of heating |
| In the Hydromatic propeller system, what is the function of the feathering relay? | It activates the propeller feather button holding coil |
| How is the Hydromatic propeller unfeathered? | Hold feathering button to override the pressure cutout switch resulting in the distributor valve shifting to port oil to unfeather |
| What causes erratic or jerky Hydromatic propeller operation? | sludge build-up in the dome assembly |
| In the Hydromatic propeller system, _________________ is used for lubrication. | pitch-changing oil |
| In the Hydromatic propeller feathering operation, what is the action of the feathering button? | It is depressed for activation, holding coil activated and then automatically released at 650 psi oil pressure |
| In the Hydromatic propeller unfeathering operation, what is the action of the feathering button? | It is depressed for activation, manually held in to override the 650 psi pressure switch until unfeathering occurs |
| After servicing the Hydromatic propeller, why is it necessary to cycle the propeller through its range of motion several time? | to free entrapped air in the system |
| What causes the Hydromatic propeller system to shut off the pressure pump when the blades reach the unfeathered position? | The 650 psi cutout switch |
| Where does the oil pressure in the Hydromatic propeller system come from for feathering and unfeathering? | high pressure oil from an independent oil tank and electric pump |
| What is used to unfeather a Hartzell or McCauley propeller? | a ball-type or cylindrical-type accumulator |
| What is used to prevent feathering propellers from going into feathering position when the engine is shutdown? | Mechanical latches |
| In a propeller synchrophasing system reduces noise and vibration by adjusting the __________________________ between the propellers on two or more engines? | phase angle |
| What unit in the multiengine aircraft, automatic propeller synchronization system is used for controlling the actuation? | the propeller governors |
| What is used to move a turbo-propeller to both low blade angle and reverse position? | Oil Pressure |
| What is used to indicate the amount of power produced by a turboprop engine? | Torquemeter |
| What is the function of the beta valve in the PT6 propeller system? | Used to port oil to the propeller dome during ground ops and reverse thrust |
| What are the three cockpit controls used on the PT6 engine? | Start Lever, Power Lever, Propeller Control Lever |
| What are the functions of the propeller governor in the PT6 engine? | Normal flight operating range and feathering |
| What happens when the PT6 engine reaches 100% RPM? | The 100% overspeed governor relieves oil pressure to the propeller to prevent overspeed |
| What prevents the TPE 331 engine from feathering when the engine is shutdown? | internal low pitch latches |
| What are the disadvantages of reversing propellers on turboprop engines? | FOD and decreased cooling airflow |
| What is used on the TPE 331 engine to control RPM during flight (Alpha) operation? | The propeller governor |
| What is used on the TPE 331 engine to control RPM during ground (Beta) operation? | The underspeed governor |
| What is meant by Beta range? | Ground operations |
| What component does the power lever adjust on the TPE331 during Beta Mode operation? | Propeller Pitch Controller |
| What is used to feather the PT6 propeller in flight range? | The propeller governor |
| What does the PT6 power lever control during ground operations? | The fuel flow and blade angle |
| What does the power turbine governor control on the PT6 engine propeller system? | 105% overspeed by bleeding compressor discharge pressure to the fuel control |
| What does the negative torque sensor do on a TPE 331? | It senses the windmilling propeller driving the engine and causes it to go into feather |
| What cockpit control is used to control blade angle on the TPE 331 engine during beta mode? | The power lever |
| What is the purpose of the beta ring on the PT6 propeller system? | provide feedback to the beta valve after propeller travel |
| What is the purpose of the feathering valve on the TPE 331 propeller system? | releases oil pressure for feathering |
| What forces are used to feather the McCauley propeller? | counterweights and spring |
| What is the purpose of the lift rod in a feathering governor? | raised the pilot valve to release oil pressure from the propeller |
| What are the two independent turbines of the PT6 free turbine engine? | Gas Generator and Power Turbine |
| What are the main sections of a turbine engine? | Inlet, Compressor, Diffuser, Combustion, Turbine, and Exhaust |
| What are three advantages of a turboprop engine? | light weight, simplicity of operation, minimum vibration |
| What problems can occur if a turbine engine is run overtemp or overtorque? | internal components can be damaged, bent, or deformed |
| What are typical turboprop engine cockpit instruments? | Torque Meter, Fuel Flow (FF), Tachometer (RPM), Interstage Turbine Temperature (ITT) |
| What are the basic parts of a propeller blade? | shank, leading edge, trailing edge, tip, blade face, blade back |
| Define propeller blade angle. | The angle between the plane of rotation and chord line |
| How are propeller blade stations measured? | From the hub center to the tip in inches |
| What is the term used when converting engine power to a usable form with a propeller? | Thrust |
| What are seven types of propellers used on aircraft? | fixed pitch, ground adjustable, controllable pitch, automatic pitch changing, constant speed, feathering, and reversing |
| On a ground adjustable propeller, high pitch is used for _________ and low pitch is used for ___________. | cross-country cruise, takeoff and climb |
| Fixed pitch propellers are usually made of: | wood, steel, aluminum, or composites |
| The automatic pitch changing propeller uses ____________ and _________ to activated changes in blade angle. | counterweights and aerodynamic forces |
| When using a constant speed propeller, what two engine (PLANK) variables should be monitored? | manifold absolute pressure (MAP) and revolutions per minute (RPM) |
| What is the advantage of feathering propellers? | reduces drag and limits propeller windmilling |
| What are the disadvantages of reversing propellers? | reduces engine cooling and foreign object damage (FOD) |
| What are the advantages of reversing propellers? | reduces brake wear and decreases landing rollout |
| What device/measuring instrument is used to measure the propeller blade angle at a specific station? | Propeller Protractor |
| The allowable difference in blade angles is: | One tenth of a degree |
| What is covered by FAR 21? | Certification of Parts and Products |
| What is covered by FAR 23? | Airworthiness Standards: Normal, Utility, and Acrobatic Aircraft |
| What is covered by FAR 25? | Airworthiness Standards: Transport Aircraft |
| What is covered by FAR 33? | Engine Certification |
| What is covered by FAR 35? | Propeller Certification |
| What is covered by FAR 43? | Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, and Alteration |
| What is covered by FAR 45? | Identification and Registration Markings |
| What is covered by FAR 65? | Airmen Other Than Flight Crew Members |
| What identification markings are found on the propeller hub? | Manufacturer name, model number, serial number, production certificate number, type certificate number |
| Explain static RMP related to propellers. | Maximum RPM in no wind condition at full horsepower (tachometer redline). Constant speed propellers must be below 103% of rated RPM. |
| To increase RPM and thrust, engine controls must move in the _____________ direction. | green-normal, yellow-precautionary, red arc- critical vibration, and red radial-maximum operating limit |
| What is the minimum structural clearance for a propeller and the nose wheel? | 1/2 inch |
| What is the minimum radial structural clearance for a propeller and the fuselage? | 1 inch |
| What is the minimum structural clearance for a propeller on a tricycle landing gear aircraft and the ground? | 7 inches |
| What is the minimum structural clearance for a propeller on a tail-wheel landing gear aircraft and the ground? | 9 inches |
| What is the minimum structural clearance for a propeller on a float gear aircraft and the ground? | 18 inches |
| On aircraft that uses oil pressure to feather the propeller, the oil tank is required to have a ____________ to ensure adequate oil supply. | stand-pipe |
| What type of maintenance and inspection can a Powerplant mechanic perform on an aircraft propeller? | adjustment, installation, minor repairs, and 100 hour inspection |
| A and P mechanics with an Inspection Authorization may perform ____________ inspection. | Annual |
| True or False. A mechanic with an inspection authorization may not approve major repairs and alterations to propellers and related parts and appliances. | True |
| What produces the thrust on a propeller? | airfoil shape, RPM, and blade angle of attack |
| The curved (cambered) part of the propeller blade is the _______ and the flat side is the __________. | back, face |
| Define propeller blade pitch distribution. | the gradual twist of the propeller blade from shank to tip |
| The theoretical distance a propeller moves forward through one revolution is known as _____________. | theoretical or geometric pitch |
| The actual distance a propeller moves forward through the air during one revolution is known as the ____________ | effective pitch |
| Define propeller slip. | the difference between the geometrical and effective pitch |
| Define propeller angle of attack. | the angle between the chord line and the relative wind |
| Propeller angle of attack will ______________ as the aircraft forward speed increases for a given propeller RPM. | decrease |
| As a standard, the most efficient angle of attack for a propeller blade is about _________ degrees. | four |
| The limiting factor with respect to RPM at which a propeller may operate is _______________ due to super sonic conditions. | tip speed |
| What are the five forces acting on a propeller when operating? | centrifugal force, torque bending force, thrust bending force, aerodynamic twisting moment, and centrifugal twisting moment |
| What operational force causes the greatest stress on a propeller? | centrifugal force pulling the blade out |
| How does thrust bending force act on the propeller blade? | tends to bend the blade forward |
| How does torque bending force act on the propeller blade? | tends to bend the blade in the opposite direction of rotation |
| How does aerodynamic twisting moment act on the propeller blade? | tends to turn the blades to a high angle |
| How does centrifugal twisting moment act on the propeller blade? | tends to decrease the blade angle |
| Engine power pulses cause a propeller blade to vibrate and set up __________ _________ _________ that cause metal fatigue and failure. | standing wave patterns |
| What types of woods are used to make wooden propeller? | hardwoods such as birch, mahogany, cherry, black walnut, oak |
| What is the preferred wood for wooden propellers? | Birch |
| Why is tip fabric used on the last 12 to 15 inches of a wooden blade? | to prevent separation of the plies and protect the thin edges of the trailing edge. |
| What type of metal is used for the leading edge and tip of a wooden propeller? | Brass, stainless steel, monel, ternplate |
| Why are three #60 drill hole placed on the outboard tip of a wood propeller metal cover? | to allow for water drainage |
| Propellers must be statically balanced both ____________ and ________. | horizontally and vertically |
| What is used to balance a wood propeller horizontally? | solder on the tip or add varnish |
| What is used to balance a wood propeller vertically? | add a balance plate to the side of the hub |
| During the manufacturing process of aluminum propellers they are _____________ to harden the surface and provide corrosion protection. | Anodized |
| How are propellers to be cleaned? | use mild soap and water |
| A nick in a propeller, within limits, can be filed out. The range of the worked area on the leading edge is limited to __________ times the depth of damage on each side. | five |
| The face of a propeller blade should be painted ________ _______. | flat black |
| A McCauley propeller having the designation 1A102/XYZ6948 will be _____ inches long and have a geometric pitch of ______ inches. | 69 and 48 |
| What are four of the primary aircraft propeller manufacturers? | Hamilton Standard, McCauley, Hartzell, Sensinich |
| How should propeller blade tips be painted? | primed and the last 4 inches painted with a high visibility impact resistant paint. |
| What is done to propeller crankshaft mounts to prevent corrosion and ease removal | lube the flange or mount |
| What should be done to a propeller mount having light corrosion? | remove the corrosion with fine sandpaper |
| If a propeller has a ground strike/sudden engine stoppage, and before propeller installation, what inspection should be made? | Crankshaft run-out to ensure the crank is within limits |
| On which part of the propeller is the stress concentrated? | The shank and the attaching point to the propeller hub |
| What is the purpose of the snap-ring on a tapered shaft propeller? | Ease propeller removal |
| What should be used as a marking device on a propeller? | white or red grease pencil or a sharpie |
| Where is the most likely place for cracks to occur on the propeller hub? | at the blade attach point |
| What forces cause an Aeromatic propeller to rotate to high blade angle? | Aeordynamic twisting moment and counterweights |
| When should a propeller be overhauled? | During engine overhaul |
| When will an Aeromatic propeller seek a high blade angle? | During cruise flight |
| Why should an Aeromatic propeller not be over-filled with oil? | Sluggish operation |
| What is used in an Aeromatic propeller to ensure the blade rotate the same amount? | segmented synchronizer gear |
| In what position should a two bladed, fixed pitch propeller be installed, relative to the hand of a clock? | 10 and 4 |
| During a 100 hour inspection, which part of the tapered shaft propeller should be checked with dye penatrant? | the area of the keyway |
| Tapered shaft propellers and the cones of splined shaft propellers should have __________ % engagement when checked with Prussian Blue? | 70 |
| What is the purpose of the master spline on a spline shaft propeller? | Ensure correct alignment |
| If a spline shaft propeller has more than ____ % of any on spline out of limits, the shaft is out of limits. | 20 |
| On a spline shaft propeller, improper mating of the cone and propeller on the front cone is corrected by? | shimming the rear cone |
| On a spline shaft propeller, improper mating of the cone and propeller on the rear cone is corrected by? | lapping the apex of the rear cone |
| Limits for metal propeller tracking are: | 1/16 inch |
| Limits for wood propeller tracking are? | 1/8 inch |
| Limits for propeller blade angle difference between blades is: | 0.10 degrees |
| What should be done to prevent fatigue cracks caused by nicks in a propeller blade? | File the nick as specified in the service manual limits |
| If a propeller has normal wear and pitting, what can be done? | within limits, sand or file the blade smooth and treat with alodine |
| A _________ is used to operated the Beech-Roby propeller system. | hand-crank |
| In a controllable pitch propeller system, if ___________ occurs, the cable should be replaced. | binding |
Created by:
josh200