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9 - Biology
Biology- Energy Flow
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the main energy source for life on earth? | Sunlight |
| What are producers also called? | Autotrophs |
| What do producers (autotrophs) use to make food? | light energy or chemical energy |
| What are 3 examples of producers (autotrophs)? | plants, plant-like protists (algae), and bacteria |
| What process uses light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and carbohydrates? | photosynthesis |
| What process is performed by bacteria and uses chemical energy to produce carbohydrates? | chemosynthesis |
| What are organisms that rely on other organisms for their energy and food supply? | consumers |
| What are consumers also called? | heterotrophs |
| What organism obtains energy by eating ONLY PLANTS? | herbivores |
| What organism obtains energy by eating ONLY ANIMALS? | carnivores |
| What organism obtains energy by eating BOTH plants and animals? | omnivores |
| What organisms breaks down dead organic matter? | decomposers |
| Energy flows through an ecosystem in __________ _____________ --- from what? | one direction--- from the sun |
| Energy flows through an ecosystem in one direction from the sun to ___________________ and then to ___________________. | autotrophs (producers) and then to heterotrophs (consumers) |
| What is a series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten? | Food chain |
| True or False. In a food chain, the arrows go in the direction of how energy is transferred. | True |
| In a food chain, you start with __________ and end with top ___________ or carnivore. | producer; consumer |
| Food Chain example: grass --------> cricket--------> frog----------> ________________ | Any animal that would eat a frog for energy (like a raccoon) |
| What is a network of food chains within an ecosystem? | food web |
| What is each step in a food chain or food web called? | trophic levels |
| Trophic level one consists of? | producers (autotrophs) |
| Trophic level two consists of? | Primary Consumers (herbivores) |
| Trophic level three consists of? | Secondary Consumers (carnivores or omnivores) |
| Trophic level four consists of? | Tertiary Consumers (carnivore-- usually top carnivore) |
| What is a diagram that shows the relative amount of energy or organisms contained within each trophic level of a food chain or web? | ecological pyramids |
| What shows the relative amount of energy available at each trophic level? | energy pyramid |
| Organisms in a trophic level use the available ________ for life processes and release some energy as ____________? | energy; heat |
| Every chemical process that happens in the body releases what as a byproduct? | releases heat (ex. burning calories) |
| About what percentage of available energy within a trophic level is transferred to the next higher trophic level? | 10 % (Rule of 10) |
| What represents the amount of living organic matter at each trophic level? | biomass pyramid |
Created by:
SummitHS