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intelligence (M60)
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unit 11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| intelligence (M60) | mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations |
| intelligence test (M60) | a method for assessing an individual's mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores |
| general intelligence (g) (M60) | a general intelligence factor that, according to Spearman and others, underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test |
| factor analysis (M60) | a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (called factors) on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie a person's total score |
| savant syndrome (M60) | a condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing |
| grit (M60) | in psychology, grit is passion and perseverance in the pursuit of long-term goals |
| emotional intelligence (M60) | the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions |
| mental age (M61) | a measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet; the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance; thus, a child who does as well as the average 8-year-old is said to have a mental age of 8 |
| Stanford-Binet (M61) | the widely used American revisions (by Terman at Stanford University) of Binet's original intelligence test |
| intelligence quotient (IQ) (M61) | the widely used American revisions (by Terman at Stanford University) of Binet's original intelligence test defined originally as the ratio of mental age (ma) to chronological age (ca) multiplied by 100 (thus, IQ - ma/ca * 100); on contemporary intelligen |
| achievement test (M61) | a test designed to assess what a person has learned |
| aptitude test (M61) | a test designed to predict a person's future performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn |
| Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) (M61) | the WAIS is the most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests |
| standardization (M61) | defining uniform testing procedures and meaningful scores by comparisons with the performance of a pretested group |
| normal curve (M61) | (normal distribution) a symmetrical, bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many types of data; most scores fall near the mean (about 68 percent fall within one standard deviation of it) and fewer and fewer near the extremes |
| reliability (M61) | the extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, on alternate forms of the test, or on retesting |
| validity (M61) | the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to |
| content validity (M61) | the extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest |
| predictive validity (M61) | the success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior; also called criterion-related validity |
| cohort (M62) | a group of people from a given time period |
| crystalized intelligence (M62) | our accumulated knowledge and verbal skills; tends to increase with age |
| fluid intelligence (M62) | our ability to reason speedily and abstractly; tends to decrease during late adulthood |
| intellectual disability (M62) | a condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and difficulty in adapting to the demands of life; formerly referred to as mental retardation |
| Down syndrome (M62) | a condition of mild to severe intellectual disability and associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21 |
| heritability (M63) | the proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes; may vary, depending on the range of populations and environments studied |
| stereotype threat (M64) | a self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype |
| crystalized intelligence (M62) | |
| fluid intelligence (M62) | |
| intellectual disability (M62) | a condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and difficulty in adapting to the demands of life; formerly referred to as mental retardation |
| Down syndrome (M62) | a condition of mild to severe intellectual disability and associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21 |
| heritability (M63) | the proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes; may vary, depending on the range of populations and environments studied |
| stereotype threat (M64) | a self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype |
| test retest | group of people take the same test twice, score should not change much between testing |
| interscorer | whether the test yields the same results when scored at different times by different people |
| Criterion | behavior that a test is designed to predict |
Created by:
morendai