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Nautical Words

QuestionAnswer
abaft toward or at the stern of a ship; further aft
affreightment hiring of a vessel
afterdeck deck behind a ship's bridge
afterguard men who work the aft sails on the quarterdeck and poop deck
ahull with sails furled and helm lashed to the lee-side
amidships midway between the bow and stern of a ship
astern at the stern of a ship
backstay stay extending from ship's mastheads to the side of the ship
ballaster one who supplies ships with ballast
bargemaster owner of a barge
bee hardwood on either side of bowsprit through which forestays are reeved
belay to secure a rope by winding on a pin or cleat
bilge lower point of inner hull of a ship
binnacle case in which a ship's compass is kept
bitts posts mounted on a ship for fastening ropes
bluepeter blue flag with white square in centre used as ship's signal
boatswain ship's crewmember in charge of equipment and maintenance
bobstay rope used on ships to steady the bowsprit
bollard short post on a wharf or ship to which ropes are tied
boltrope strong rope stitched to edges of a sail
bosun boatswain
bottomry using the ship as collateral to finance a sea voyage
bow front of a ship
bower anchor carried at bow of a ship
bowline rope used to keep weather edge of a sail taut
bowsprit spar that extends at bows of a ship
brails ropes on edge of sail for hauling up
bream to clean a ship's bottom by burning off seaweed
bulwark the side of a ship above the deck
bumpkin spar projecting from stern of ship
bunt middle of sail, fish-net or cloth when slack
buntline rope attached to middle of square sail to haul it up to the yard
burgee small ship's flag used for identification or signalling
cable heavy rope or chain for mooring a ship
cabotage shipping and sailing between points in the same country
camber slight arch or convexity to a beam or deck of a ship
capstan upright device for winding in heavy ropes or cables
careen to turn a ship on its side in order to clean or repair it
cathead projection near the bow of a ship to which anchor is secured
chine the intersection of the middle and sides of a boat
chock metal casting with curved arms for passing ropes for mooring ship
clew corner of sail with hole to attach ropes
coaming raised edge around ship's hatches to keep water out
cocket official shipping seal; customs clearance form
cofferdam narrow vacant space between two bulkheads of a ship
cog single-masted, square-sailed ship with raised stern
companionway stairs from upper deck of ship to lower deck
cordage ropes in the rigging of a ship
cringle loop at corner of sail to which a line is attached
crosstrees horizontal crosspieces at a masthead used to support ship's mast
davit device for hoisting and lowering a boat
deadeye rounded wooden block with hole used to set up ship's stays
deadwood timbers built into ends of ship when too narrow to permit framing
demurrage delay of vessel's departure or loading with cargo
dodger shield against rain or spray on a ship's bridge
dogwatch a short, evening period of watch duty on a ship
downhaul rope for holding down or hauling down a sail or spar
dromond large single-sailed ship powered by rowers
dyogram ship's chart indicating compass deflection due to ship's iron
earing line for fastening corner of a sail to the gaff or yard
ensign large naval flag
escutcheon part of ship's stern where name is displayed
fairlead ring through which rope is led to change its direction without friction
fardage wood placed in bottom of ship to keep cargo dry
fiddley iron framework around hatchway opening
figurehead ornament or (usually female) bust attached to the bow of a ship
flagstaff flag pole at stern of a ship
fluke part of an anchor that fastens in the ground
forebitt post for fastening cables at a ship's foremast
forecabin cabin in fore part of ship
forecastle short raised deck at fore end of ship; fore of ship under main deck
forefoot foremost end of ship's keel
foremast mast nearest the bow of a ship
foresail lowest sail set on the foremast of square-rigged ship
forestay stay leading from the foremast to the bow of a ship
frap to draw a sail tight with ropes or cables
freeboard distance between waterline and main deck of a ship
futtock rib of a ship
gaff spar on which head of fore-and-aft sail is extended
gaff-topsail triangular topsail with its foot extended upon the gaff
gangway either of the sides of the upper deck of a ship
garboard plank on a ship’s bottom next to the keel
genoa large jib that overlaps the mainsail
grapnel small anchor used for dragging or grappling
groundage a charge on a ship in port
gudgeon metal socket into which the pintle of a boat's rudder fits
gunnage number of guns carried on a warship
gunwale upper edge of the side of a ship
gybe to swing a sail from one side to another
halyard rope or tackle for hoisting and lowering sails
hank series of rings or clips for attaching a jib or staysail to a stay
hawse distance between ship's bow and its anchor
hawsehole hole for ship's cable
hawser large rope for mooring or towing a ship
headsail sail set forward of the foremast of a ship
helm ship's steering wheel
holystone sandstone material used to scrape ships' decks
inboard inside the line of a ship's bulwarks or hull
jack ship's flag flown from jack-staff at bow of vessel
jack-block pulley system for raising topgallant masts
jack-cross-tree single iron cross-tree at head of a topgallant mast
jackstaff short staff at ship's bow from which the jack is hoisted
jackstay iron or wooden bar running along yard of ship to which sails fastened
jackyard spar used to spread the foot of a gaff-topsail
jib small triangular sail extending from the head of the foremast
jibboom spar forming an extension of the bowsprit
jibe to change a ship's course to make the boom shift sides
jurymast mast erected on ship in place of one lost
kedge small anchor to keep a ship steady
keelhaul to punish by dragging under keel of ship
keelson lengthwise wooden or steel beam in ship for bearing stress
kentledge pig-iron used as ballast in ship's hold
lagan cargo jettisoned from ship but marked by buoys for recovery
lanyard rope or line for fastening something in a ship
larboard left side of a ship
lastage room for stowing goods in a ship
lateen triangular sail rigged on ship's spar
laveer to sail against the wind
lazaret space in ship between decks used for storage
leeboard wood or metal planes attached to hull to prevent leeway
leech a vertical edge of a square sail
loxodograph device used to record ship's travels
luff windward side of a ship; forward edge of fore-and-aft sail
lugsail four-sided sail bent to an obliquely hanging yard
lutchet fitting on ship's deck to allow mast to pivot to pass under bridges
mainmast sailing ship's principal mast
mainsail principal sail on a ship's mainmast
mainsheet rope by which mainsail is trimmed and secured
mainstay stay that extends from the main-top to the foot of the foremast
manrope rope used as a handrail on a ship
martingale lower stay of rope used to sustain strain of the forestays
mizzen three-masted vessel; aft sail of such a vessel
mizzenmast mast aft or next aft of the mainmast in a ship
moonraker topmost sail of a ship, above the skyscraper
oakum old ropes untwisted for caulking the seams of ships
orlop lowest deck in a ship having four or more decks
outhaul rope used to haul a sail taut along a spar
outrigger spar extended from side of ship to help secure mast
painter rope attached to bow of a boat to attach it to a ship or a post
pallograph instrument measuring ship's vibration
parrel band by which a yard is fastened to a mast
patroon captain of a ship; coxswain of a longboat
poop enclosed structure at stern of ship above main deck
port when facing forward, the left side of a shift
primage fee paid to loaders for loading ship
purser ship's officer in charge of finances and passengers
quarterdeck part of ship's deck set aside by captain for ceremonial functions
quartering sailing nearly before the wind
rake the inclination of a mast or another part of a ship
ratline small rope forming a rung of a rope ladder on a ship
reef to reduce area of a sail by rolling or folding part of it
reeve to pass a rope through a ring
roach curved cut in edge of sail for preventing chafing
roband piece of yarn used to fasten a sail to a spar
rostrum spike on prow of warship for ramming
rowlock contrivance serving as a fulcrum for an oar
royal small sail on royal mast just above topgallant sail
scud to sail swiftly before a gale
scupper hole allowing water to drain from ship’s deck
scuttlebutt cask of drinking water aboard a ship; rumour, idle gossip
scuttles portholes on a ship
sheer fore-and-aft curvature of a ship from bow to stern
shrouds ropes supporting the mast of a ship
sidelight coloured lights on side of a ship under way at night
skeg part of ship connecting the keel with the bottom of the rudderpost
skysail sail above the royal sail
skyscraper triangular sail on a ship above the royal
slipway ramp sloping into water for supporting a ship
snotty naval midshipman
spanker sail on the mast nearest the stern of a square-rigged ship
spar any ship's mast, boom, yard, or gaff
spinnaker large triangular sail opposite the mainsail
spirketting inside planking between ports and waterways of a ship
sponson platform jutting from ship’s deck for gun or wheel
sprit spar crossing a fore-and-aft sail diagonally
spritsail sail extended by a sprit
starboard when facing forward, the right side of a ship
starbolins sailors of the starboard watch
stay large rope used to support a mast
staysail fore-and-aft sail hoisted on a stay
steeve to set a ship's bowsprit at an upward inclination
stemson supporting timber of a ship
stern back part of a ship
sternpost main member at stern of a ship extending from keel to deck
sternway movement of a ship backwards
stevedore dock worker who loads and unloads ships
stokehold ship’s furnace chamber
strake continuous band of plates on side of a ship
stunsail light auxiliary sail to the side of principal sails
supercargo ship's official in charge of business affairs
taffrail rail round the stern of a ship
thole pin in the side of a boat to keep oar in place
tiller handle or lever for turning a ship's rudder
timberhead top end of ship's timber used above the gunwale
timenoguy rope stretched from place to place in a ship
topgallant mast or sail above the topmast and below the royal mast
topmast ship's mast above the lower mast
topsail ship's sail above the lowermost sail
tranship to transfer from one ship to another
transire ship's customs warrant for clearing goods
transom transverse timbers attached to ship's sternpost
treenail long wooden pin used to fix planks of ship to the timbers
trice to haul in and lash secure a sail with a small rope
trunnel wooden shipbuilding peg used for fastening timbers
trysail ship's sail bent to a gaff and hoisted on a lower mast
tuck part of ship where ends of lower planks meet under the stern
turtleback structure over ship’s bows or stern
unreeve to withdraw a rope from an opening
walty inclined to tip over or lean
wardroom quarters for ship's officers
washboard broad thin plank along ship's gunwale to keep out sea water
watching fully afloat
waveson goods floating on the sea after a shipwreck
wear to turn a ship's stern to windward to alter its course
weatherboard weather side of a ship
weatherly able to sail close to the wind with little leeway
wheelhouse shelter where ship’s steering wheel kept
whipstaff vertical lever controlling ship’s rudder
windbound hindered from sailing by contrary winds
windlass winch used to raise a ship's anchor
xebec small three-masted pirate ship
yard tapering spar attached to ship's mast to spread the head of a square sail
yardarm either end of the yard of a square-rigged ship
yawl ship’s small boat; sailboat carrying mainsail and one or more jibs
zabra small Spanish sailing vessel
V BOTTOM A hull with the bottom section in the shape of a "V".
YACHT A pleasure vessel, a pleasure boat; in American usage the idea of size and luxury is conveyed, either sail or power.
LATITUDE The distance north or south of the equator measured and expressed in degrees.
LAZARETTE A storage space in a boat's stern area.
MARLINSPIKE A tool for opening the strands of a rope while splicing.
YAW To swing or steer off course, as when running with a quartering sea.
JACOBS LADDER A rope ladder, lowered from the deck, as when pilots or passengers come aboard.
WAY Movement of a vessel through the water such as headway, sternway or leeway.
BATTEN DOWN Secure hatches and loose objects both within the hull and on deck.
WATERLINE A line painted on a hull which shows the point to which a boat sinks when it is properly trimmed (see BOOT TOP).
WAKE Moving waves, track or path that a boat leaves behind it, when moving across the waters.
CABIN A compartment for passengers or crew.
CAPSIZE To turn over.
CAST OFF To let go.
CATAMARAN A twin-hulled boat, with hulls side by side.
SATELLITE NAVIGATION A form of position finding using radio transmissions from satellites with sophisticated on-board automatic equipment.
FATHOM Six feet.
GALLEY The kitchen area of a boat.
GANGWAY The area of a ship's side where people board and disembark.
HARD CHINE An abrupt intersection between the hull side and the hull bottom of a boat so constructed.
HATCH An opening in a boat's deck fitted with a watertight cover.
NAVIGATION RULES The regulations governing the movement of vessels in relation to each other, generally called steering and sailing rules.
NAVIGATION The art and science of conducting a boat safely from one point to another.
NAUTICAL MILE One minute of latitude; approximately 6076 feet
ABAFT Toward the rear (stern) of the boat. Behind.
ABEAM At right angles to the keel of the boat, but not on the boat.
ABOARD On or within the boat.
EBB A receding current.
ABOVE DECK On the deck (not over it
ABREAST Side by side; by the side of.
SCOPE Technically, the ratio of length of anchor rode in use to the vertical distance from the bow of the vessel to the bottom of the water. Usually six to seven to one for calm weather and more scope in storm conditions.
SCUPPERS Drain holes on deck, in the toe rail, or in bulwarks or (with drain pipes) in the deck itself.
SCREW A boat's propeller.
ADRIFT Loose, not on moorings or towline.
HEAD A marine toilet. Also the upper corner of a triangular sail.
SEAWORTHY A boat or a boat's gear able to meet the usual sea conditions.
SEA ROOM A safe distance from the shore or other hazards.
SEAMANSHIP All the arts and skills of boat handling, ranging from maintenence and repairs to piloting, sail handling, marlinespike work, and rigging.
SEA COCK A through hull valve, a shut off on a plumbing or drain pipe between the vessel's interior and the sea.
DEAD AHEAD Directly ahead.
DEAD ASTERN Directly aft.
DECK A permanent covering over a compartment, hull or any part thereof.
LEE The side sheltered from the wind.
SECURE To make fast.
BELOW Beneath the deck.
BEARING The direction of an object expressed either as a true bearing as shown on the chart, or as a bearing relative to the heading of the boat.
LEEWAY The sideways movement of the boat caused by either wind or current.
GEAR A general term for ropes, blocks, tackle and other equipment.
BEAM The greatest width of the boat.
JETTY A structure, usually masonry, projecting out from the shore; a jetty may protect a harbor entrance.
LEEWARD The direction away from the wind. Opposite of windward.
FENDER A cushion, placed between boats, or between a boat and a pier, to prevent damage.
HEADING The direction in which a vessel's bow points at any given time.
HEADWAY The forward motion of a boat. Opposite of sternway.
HELM The wheel or tiller controlling the rudder. HELMSPERSON
SET Direction toward which the current is flowing.
KEEL The centerline of a boat running fore and aft; the backbone of a vessel.
AFT Toward the stern of the boat.
AGROUND Touching or fast to the bottom.
THWARTSHIPS At right angles to the centerline of the boat.
CHAFING GEAR Tubing or cloth wrapping used to protect a line from chafing on a rough surface.
CHART A map for use by navigators.
CHINE The intersection of the bottom and sides of a flat or v-bottomed boat.
AHEAD In a forward direction.
CHOCK A fitting through which anchor or mooring lines are led. Usually U-shaped to reduce chafe.
SHIP A larger vessel usually thought of as being used for ocean travel. A vessel able to carry a "boat" on board.
LINE Rope and cordage used aboard a vessel.
TILLER A bar or handle for turning a boat's rudder or an outboard motor.
PILOTING Navigation by use of visible references, the depth of the water, etc.
DISPLACEMENT The weight of water displaced by a floating vessel, thus, a boat's weight.
HITCH A knot used to secure a rope to another object or to another rope, or to form a loop or a noose in a rope.
FIGURE EIGHT KNOT A knot in the form of a figure eight, placed in the end of a line to prevent the line from passing through a grommet or a block.
MIDSHIP Approximately in the location equally distant from the bow and stern.
GIVE-WAY VESSEL A term used to describe the vessel which must yield in meeting, crossing, or overtaking situations.
TIDE The periodic rise and fall of water level in the oceans.
PILING Support, protection for wharves, piers etc.; constructed of piles (see PILE)
BITTER END The last part of a rope or chain.The inboard end of the anchor rode.
BIGHT The part of the rope or line, between the end and the standing part, on which a knot is formed. BILGE
PILE A wood, metal or concrete pole driven into the bottom. Craft may be made fast to a pile; it may be used to support a pier (see PILING) or a float.
PIER A loading platform extending at an angle from the shore.
DINGHY A small open boat. A dinghy is often used as a tender for a larger craft.
WINDWARD Toward the direction from which the wind is coming.
DISPLACEMENT HULL A type of hull that plows through the water, displacing a weight of water equal to its own weight, even when more power is added.
AIDS TO NAVIGATION Artificial objects to supplement natural landmarks indicating safe and unsafe waters.
FLOOD A incoming current.
ALEE Away from the direction of the wind. Opposite of windward.
ALOFT Above the deck of the boat.
CLEAT A fitting to which lines are made fast. The classic cleat to which lines are belayed is approximately anvil-shaped.
CLOVE HITCH A knot for temporarily fastening a line to a spar or piling.
FLARE The outward curve of a vessel's sides near the bow. A distress signal.
PLANING HULL A type of hull shaped to glide easily across the water at high speed.
FLOORBOARDS The surface of the cockpit on which the crew stand.
FLUKE The palm of an anchor.
PLANING A boat is said to be planing when it is essentially moving over the top of the water rather than through the water.
SLACK Not fastened; loose. Also, to loosen.
AMIDSHIPS In or toward the center of the boat.
INBOARD More toward the center of a vessel; inside; a motor fitted inside a boat.
UNDERWAY Vessel in motion, i.e., when not moored, at anchor, or aground.
KNOT A measure of speed equal to one nautical mile (6076 feet) per hour.
INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY ICW: bays, rivers, and canals along the coasts (such as the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts), connected so that vessels may travel without going into the sea.
ANCHORAGE A place suitable for anchoring in relation to the wind, seas and bottom.
KNOT A fastening made by interweaving rope to form a stopper, to enclose or bind an object, to form a loop or a noose, to tie a small rope to an object, or to tie the ends of two small ropes together.
DOCK A protected water area in which vessels are moored.The term is often used to denote a pier or a wharf.
BOW The forward part of a boat.
BOOT TOP A painted line that indicates the designed waterline.
BOAT HOOK A short shaft with a fitting at one end shaped to facilitate use in putting a line over a piling, recovering an object dropped overboard, or in pushing or fending off.
BOAT A fairly indefinite term. A waterborne vehicle smaller than a ship. One definition is a small craft carried aboard a ship.
FOULED Any piece of equipment that is jammed or entangled, or dirtied.
FORWARD Toward the bow of the boat.
PORT The left side of a boat looking forward. A harbor.
FOREPEAK A compartment in the bow of a small boat.
FORE-AND-AFT In a line parallel to the keel.
RODE The anchor line and/or chain.
ROPE In general, cordage as it is purchased at the store. When it comes aboard a vessel and is put to use it becomes line.
HOLD A compartment below deck in a large vessel, used solely for carrying cargo.
FOLLOWING SEA An overtaking sea that comes from astern.
DOLPHIN A group of piles driven close together and bound with wire cables into a single structure.
COAMING A vertical piece around the edge of a cockpit, hatch, etc. to prevent water on deck from running below.
MOORING An arrangement for securing a boat to a mooring buoy or a pier.
LONGITUDE The distance in degrees east or west of the meridian at Greenwich, England.
COURSE The direction in which a boat is steered.
COIL To lay a line down in circular turns.
COCKPIT An opening in the deck from which the boat is handled.
BOW LINE A docking line leading from the bow.
LOG A record of courses or operation. Also, a device to measure speed.
SOLE Cabin or saloon floor. Timber extensions on the bottom of the rudder. Also the molded fiberglass deck of a cockpit.
SOUNDING A measurement of the depth of water.
TOPSIDES The sides of a vessel between the waterline and the deck; sometimes referring to onto or above the deck.
BOWLINE A knot used to form a temporary loop in the end of a line.
SPRING LINE A pivot line used in docking, undocking, or to prevent the boat from moving forward or astern while made fast to a dock.
SQUALL A sudden, violent wind often accompanied by rain.
SQUARE KNOT A knot used to join two lines of similar size. Also called a reef knot.
TRANSOM The stern cross-section of a square sterned boat.
BRIGHTWORK Varnished woodwork and/or polished metal.
BRIDLE A line or wire secured at both ends in order to distribute a strain between two points.
FREEBOARD The minimum vertical distance from the surface of the water to the gunwale.
DRAFT The depth of water a boat draws.
TRIM Fore and aft balance of a boat.
GRAB RAILS Hand-hold fittings mounted on cabin tops and sides for personal safety when moving around the boat.
PRIVELEGED VESSEL A vessel which, according to the applicable Navigation Rule, has right-of-way (this term has been superseded by the term "stand-on").
GROUND TACKLE A collective term for the anchor and its associated gear.
BRIDGE The location from which a vessel is steered and its speed controlled. "Control Station" is really a more appropriate term for small craft.
ASTERN In back of the boat, opposite of ahead.
STANDING PART That part of a line which is made fast.The main part of a line as distinguished from the bight and the end.
STAND-ON VESSEL That vessel which has right-of-way during a meeting, crossing, or overtaking situation.
STARBOARD The right side of a boat when looking forward.
STEM The forward most part of the bow.
STERN The after part of the boat.
STOW To put an item in its proper place.
ATHWARTSHIPS At right angles to the centerline of the boat; rowboat seats are generally athwart ships.
STERN LINE A docking line leading from the stern.
HULL The main body of a vessel.
GUNWALE The upper edge of a boat's sides.
OUTBOARD Toward or beyond the boat's sides. A detachable engine mounted on a boat's stern.
QUARTER The sides of a boat aft of amidships.
QUARTERING SEA Sea coming on a boat's quarter.
RUDDER A vertical plate or board for steering a boat.
RUN To allow a line to feed freely.
RUNNING LIGHTS Lights required to be shown on boats underway between sundown and sunup.
CURRENT The horizontal movement of water.
CUDDY A small shelter cabin in a boat.
BURDENED VESSEL That vessel which, according to the applicable Navigation Rules, must give way to the privileged vessel. The term has been superseded by the term "give-way".
BUOY An anchored float used for marking a position on the water or a hazard or a shoal and for mooring.
BULKHEAD A vertical partition separating compartments.
LUBBER'S LINE A mark or permanent line on a compass indicating the direction forward parallel to the keel when properly installed.
OVERBOARD Over the side or out of the boat.
AWEIGH The position of anchor as it is raised clear of the bottom.
SWAMP To fill with water, but not settle to the bottom.
Created by: 1648094595
 

 



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