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lifeguarding
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the primary responsibility of a lifeguard? | To prevent drowning and other injuries from occurring at their aquatic facility |
| Ways that lifeguards fufill their primary responsibility? | 1) Patron Surveillance 2) Minimize/limit hazardous situations 3) Administer first aid/CPR including AED 4) Enforce facility rules 5) Recognize and respond quickly to emergencies 6) Work as a team |
| Secondary responsibilities of lifeguards | 1) Perform opening duties, closing duties, facility safety checks 2) Perform safety orientations, swim tests, fit life jackets 3) Cleaning and maintenance 4) Test pool water 5) Complete records and reports 6) Assist patrons with questions |
| Characteristics of a professional lifeguard | 1) Knowledgeable and skilled 2) Reliable 3) Healthy and fit 4) Responsible 5) Courteous and consistent |
| What does it mean to be equipped and rescue-ready? | 1) Wear your uniform w/ correct safety equipment 2) Stay alert w/ good posture, focused on surveillance, no phone, interactions are limited |
| While on surviellance duty, a lifeguard should... | Be attentive and sit or stand with good posture |
| When you are distracted and miss someone drowning that is called.... | Negligence |
| A lifeguard should obtain consent by saying... | 1) Their name 2) Certification 3) What they plan to do |
| Chain of drowning survival | 1) Recognize 2) Rescue and Remove 3) Call EMS 4) Begin rescue breathing and CPR 5) Use AED |
| How long is your certification valid for? | 2 years |
| How can you recertify? | Take a recertification course |
| Why is it important to attend annual preseason training? | 1) Working together as a team 2) Familiarize with equipment and facility plans and set up 3) Practice skills |
| How much in-service training should you have? | 4 hours per month |
| Four examples of in service training ... | 1) Surveillance 2) Communication w/ patrons 3) Drills for physical fitness 4) EAP drills |
| 3 items you should always have on you | 1) whistle to gain attention (EAP) 2) hip pack (gloves/mask for ventilation) 3) tube (drowning/keep afloat/Assist) |
| 3 pieces of emergency equipment that should be easily accessible | 1) Backboard 2) AED 3) bag valve (first aid) |
| Lifeguards are responsible for when it comes to the facility rules | only enforcing facility rules |
| List five general safety rules posted | 1) no swimming w/o lifeguard 2) no diving (depth) 3) no swimming with communicable skin diseases 4) no swimming with open cuts or wounds 5) no glass |
| List five safety rules you might see at water parks | 1) enter/exit designated areas 2) no going on others shoulders 3) keep hands in slide 4) no climbing 5) no stacking tubes or life jackets |
| List five safety rules you might see at a waterfront | 1) no swimming in unauthorized areas 2) no fishing near swimming areas 3) no umbrellas on waterline 4) no swimming/playing under piers 5) no boats/surfboards/etc. in swimming areas |
| It is a sunny, hot afternoon, but thunderstorms are in the forecast. You are on surveillance duty when you hear thunder in the distance what should you do? | Activate the EAP and clear everyone of the pool immediately |
| Signs of a distressed swimmer | 1) head above water 2) trying to support self by clinging /concerned facial expression 3) breathing 4) floating/treading/may wave for help 5) little or no forward progress |
| Signs of an active drowning person | 1) tilted back looking up/face down 2) struggling to reach surface/panicked 3) struggling to breathe 4) no supporting kick/arms at side moving up and pressing down 5) no effective movement and cannot call for help 6) sinking/surface/underwater |
| Passive drowning person | 1) face-up or face-down in the water/head may be submerged 2) appears unresponsive, limp, convulsive movements 3) not breathing 4) no movement 5) no sounds 6) floating at surface/sinking/or resting at bottom |
| Ground-level station | used when it is advantageous for the lifeguard to be able to quickly investigate areas of concern or be in close proximity to patrons (for assisting pr enforcing rules) |
| Floating Station | Used in waterfront to patrol outer edge of swimming areas |
| Elevated station | Used when broad view of the zone and patron activities is needed |
| Walking Patrol Station | Used when it is advantageous for the lifeguard to move within the zone to ensure the best visibility |
| A lifeguard on duty should be able to recognize and reach a distressed swimmer or drowning person in what timeline? | 30 seconds |
| A lifeguard on duty should be able to recognize an emergency, reach the drowning person, and provide ventilations | 30 seconds to recognize the person and 1.5 to 2 minutes to rescue and begin care. This gives you the most likely survival outcomes without brain damage. |
| What is total coverage? | By yourself, if you feel that you cannot see everything or that safety is compromised then tell your manager that you need more lifeguards. |
| What is multi-zone coverage? | Multiple lifeguards on one pool with their own zones that slightly overlap, |
| When scanning, a lifeguard on surviellance duty should.... | actively search for signs that someone in the water needs help |
| You are guarding a lap swim. There are only two patrons in the water. Which strategies can you use to stay engaged and prevent monotomy from affecting your work? | - Change your body position and posture periodically - Sit upright and slightly forward |
| It is very hot and you catch yourself starting to doze while on the stand. Which strategies can you use to stay alert? | - Get out of the heat during your breaks - Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water - Perform light exercise during one of your breaks |
| Glare is making it hard for you to see all areas of your zone. What should you do? | - Wear polarized sunglasses - Stand up to look around and through the glare spots - Ask your lifeguard manager for permission to reposition the lifeguard station |
| What is a visibility drill? | Make sure that the entire zone can be scanned from the life guarding station |
| What is a lifeguard station response time testing? | To make sure that patrons in every part of the zone can be saved within time |
| Hyperventilation and extended breath-holding can... | Lead to drowning |
| R | Recognition - fail to recognize - can't tell the difference between someone playing in the water and a distressed swimmer |
| I | Intrusion - secondary responsibilities impact primary duties |
| D | Distraction - Distracted talking to someone else, phone, etc. |
| Lifeguard rotation | ... |
| What scanning challenge often occurs at a waterfront but should not exist in a pool? - a) distractions b) heavy patron loads c) murky water d) high air temperatures | murky water |
| Who normally provides training in the use of watercraft at a waterfront facility? | Facility management |
| Three scanning challenges that might be especially common when guarding at a play structure? | 1) blind spots 2) patrons 3) distractions |
| 3 major strategies a lifeguard uses to help prevent injuries | 1) enforcing the rules 2) knowledgeable about the area (unique surviellance) 3) conducting safety orientations (swim tests, lifejackets) |
| Three things you should look for when checking to make sure a life jacket is appropriate for use | 1) good condition (straps) 2) only using 1, not stacking 3) right size for chest and weight |
| 2 surveillance considerations in a wading pools | 1) parents stay with children 2) bathroom breaks and swim diapers |
| 2 surveillance considerations in play structures | 1) toddlers that cannot walk well 2) if patrons fall, they come right back up |
| 3 strategies you may use to promote safety during a group visit | 1) swim tests 2) buddy board 3) buddy system |
| Swim test criteria | 1) step/jump into water above your head 2) return to surface and tread for 1 minute 3) turn around in a full circle and find an exit 4) swim 25 yards to an exit 5) exit without using ladder or steps |
| EAP actions | 1) activate the EAP 2) Rescue 3) address contributing factors 4) provide care as needed 5) report, advise, release 6) return to duty |
| 3 tasks those who are not the rescuing lifeguard may be expected to do | 1) call 911 2) bring AED/equipment 3) take over surveillance |
| When completing paper work... | only write down factual information about what you saw, heard, and the actions that were taken |
| Who is responsible for answering questions from the public/media regarding a situation? | 1) facility spokesperson 2) facility manager |
| Why might you temporarily close an attraction? | cleaning and maintenance |
| Report | write a report explaining the facts of what occurred |
| Advise | prevention and what to do next regarding the injury - if EMS is there they will advise and release |
| Release | release them to someone or themselves and document who |
| List three areas outside the immediate aquatic environment where an emergency could occur at an aquatic facility | 1) locker room 2) concessions 3) lobby |
| Why is time critical when a person is missing at an aquatic facility? | There could be a medical emergency that they are experiencing, they could be submerged under water and not seen. Time is crucial for their survival. |
| Seven general steps you should follow when someone in the water needs help | 1) activate the EAP 2) enter the water (if necessary) 3) rescue 4) move person to exit point 5) exit 6) provide care as needed 7) report, advise, release |
| 2 common assists | 1) simple (approach from front or back) 2) reaching (don't go in the pool, use tube) |
| You enter the water to rescue a person who is facing away from you and struggling to keep their head above water. Which rescue method should you use? | Active rear rescue |
| You are approaching a person from behind who appears to be unresponsive. You are in a pool with ladders. How will you rescue the person and remove them from the water? | Passive rear with extrication using backboard at the pool edge |
| What are four core principles that lifeguards should follow in every rescue? | 1) ensure the safety of everyone 2) rescue techniques that are appropriate and effective 3) appropriate assessment 4) urgency |
| Chain of infection | 1) pathogen 2) reservoir 3) portal of exit 4) method of transmission 5) portal of entry |
| NO Breathing and a pulse | Respiratory arrest or failure - provide ventilations - check breathing and pulse every 2 min - if no pulse, start CPR - continue to monitor until EMS comes |
| NO breathing and NO pulse | Cardiac arrest - start CPR - use AED ASAP - continue CPR until signs of ROSC, it becomes dangerous, you cannot continue, or someone can relieve you, or the AED is ready to analyze |
| SAMPLE during secondary assessment | 1) signs or symptoms 2) allergies 3) medications currently taking 4) previous medical history 5) last oral intake (when) 6) events leading up |
| if a person is breathing and has a pulse | perform secondary assessment |
| unresponsive but breathing and has a pulse - no signs of life-threatening conditions | put them in recovery position |
Created by:
s91367