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COMP 5
EXAM
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Any factor that causes the formation of cancer is a(n) __________. | carcinogen |
| Mucous membranes and skin are examples of which type of nonspecific body defense? | mechanical barriers |
| Which nonspecific defense activates cells in the body to attack pathogens? | fever |
| Which of the following causes a rapid drop in blood pressure and is a life-threatening event? | anaphylaxis |
| Which of the following describes a primary immune response? | It takes several weeks. |
| Which of the following types of immunity crosses the placenta and passes through the breast milk? | naturally acquired passive |
| Which of these is used to rescue a person experiencing anaphylaxis? | epinephrine |
| Which type of activated T cells prevents a person from having the same disease twice? | memory |
| **A foreign substance in the body is called a(n) ____________ | antigen |
| **A(n) ____________ is the presence of a pathogen in or on the body. | infection |
| Also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, __________ is a degenerative disease of the spinal cord and brain. | amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
| Which lobe of the brain interprets auditory stimuli? | temporal |
| The __________ causes muscles to contract or relax and glands to secrete products. | neurotransmitter |
| Which lobe of the brain controls motor activity? | frontal |
| The __________ is the largest part of the brain and is divided into two halves. | cerebrum |
| Which condition is generally caused when brain cells die because of an inadequate blood flow? | stroke |
| The __________ nerves carry information about odors to the brain. | olfactory |
| __________ is a degenerative disease of the brain. | Alzheimer's disease |
| What components of a neuron are usually short and branch profusely near a cell body? | dendrites |
| Which of the following tests can be used to detect bleeding in the brain or spinal cord? | MRI |
| What part of the brainstem regulates respiration? | pons |
| Which of the following are the membranes that protect the brain and spinal cord? | meninges |
| Which lobe of the brain interprets visual stimuli? | occipital |
| Renal calculi could result from __________. | dehydration |
| **Commonly called kidney stones, renal ____________ can become lodged in the ducts within the kidneys or ureters. | calculi |
| **The ____________ is a tube that moves urine from the bladder to the outside world. | urethra |
| When a female patient develops cystitis, the most likely cause is from __________. | fecal contamination |
| Yolanda has been diagnosed several times in the last year with cystitis. She asks the practitioner if there is anything she can do to prevent future episodes of cystitis. What is the best response to her question? | "Always clean the perineal area from front to back." |
| What are the 10- to 12-inch muscular tubes that carry urine to the bladder called? | ureters |
| The __________ use(s) a peristaltic action to take urine to the bladder. | ureters |
| Carol recently had surgery to repair a urinary sphincter. Since then, she has had trouble with urinary incontinence. Which of the following is your best reply? | "You can do Kegel exercises to increase your control of the urinary sphincters." |
| **The surgery performed to deliver an infant through the mother's abdominal wall is called a | cesarean section |
| **The surgical method used in males in which each vas deferens is cut to prevent sperm from being ejaculated is called a(n) | vasectomy |
| **The surgical removal of the uterus is called a(n) | Hysterectomy |
| **When the sperm cell unites with an ovum, it is called | fertilization |
| A lump in the testes can be caused by __________. | testicular cancer |
| An abnormal amount of vaginal discharge is associated with __________. | vaginitis |
| For which disorder are Pap smears often effective in early detection? | cervical cancer |
| The signs and symptoms of __________ are usually mild or indistinct until the disease has spread to other organs, making early detection difficult. | ovarian cancer |
| **Lack of ovulation is one cause of female ____________ | infertility |
| **The ____________ test is performed shortly after a baby is born to determine how well the baby is breathing and how well the heart is working. | APGAR |
| **The female reproductive cycle is initiated when the pituitary gland releases____________ | follicle stimulating hormone |
| **The first menstrual period is known as ____________ | menarche |
| The __________ is the main site of nutrient absorption. | small intestine |
| Which statement describes the jejunum? | It forms the majority of the small intestine. |
| The gallbladder's only function is to __________. | store bile |
| Which organ of the digestive system connects the mouth and the esophagus? | pharynx |
| The vitamin needed for absorption of calcium is __________. | vitamin D |
| Inflammation of the liver is __________. | hepatitis |
| What is the main function of the epiglottis? | It covers the opening of the larynx. |
| Which of these results from the breakdown of the lining of the stomach? | stomach ulcer |
| Which of the following organs of the digestive system secretes acid and enzymes? | stomach |
| In which of these conditions does the stomach lining become inflamed? | gastritis |
| Which of the following uses peristalsis to push food to the stomach? | esophagus |
| __________ is a chronic liver disease in which normal tissue is replaced with scar tissue. | Cirrhosis |
| Which organ of the digestive system begins the chemical breakdown of foods? | mouth |
| Prolonged stress inhibits the body's immune responses by __________________. | increasing the releases of cortisol |
| antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin are released by the ___________________. | Posterior pituitary gland |
| which gland or organ secretes growth hormone and adrenal cortico tropic hormone? | anterior pituitary |
| Which gland or organ secretes epinephrine and aldosterone? | adrenal |
| which hormone stimulates the body to retain sodium and water and is important for maintaining blood pressure? | aldosterone |
| which hormone increases blood sugar? | glucagon |
| the __________ gland secretes the hormone calcitonin. | thyroid |
| ***A(n) ___________ is a chemical secreted by a cell that affects the functions of other cells? | hormone |
| which of these hormones decreases blood sugar? | insulin |
| A high glucose level due to the inadequate secretion of insulin is _____________. | diabetes militus |
| As the iris contracts and relaxes, the opening at its center, the __________, grows larger or smaller. | pupil |
| The __________ controls the amount of light entering the eye. | iris |
| The __________ is a transparent area on the front of the eye that allows light to enter the eye. | cornea |
| Which of the following allows the eye to focus on images? | lens |
| Which of the following defines hearing loss? | a loss of the ability to hear sounds at normal levels |
| ***An abnormal ringing in the ears is called ______________ | tinnitus |
| ***As a person ages, the ______________ or earwax, becomes drier and more prone to impaction. | cerumen |
| ***Receptors that are found on the taste buds are known as taste or ______________ receptors. | gustatory |
| ***Smell receptors send information to the ______________ nerves. | olfactory |
| ***The ______________ in the eye converts light into nerve impulses, which are then transmitted along the optic nerve to the brain. | retina |
| ***The area of the brain that is responsible for interpreting taste sensations is called the ______________ ______________ . | gustatory cortex |
| ***The muscle in the eyelid called the ____________________________ is responsible for blinking and squinting. | orbicularis oculi |
| ***The process called ______________ enables the eye to focus on images of objects that are near or faraway. | accommodation |
| ***The three tiny bones called ear ossicles are the malleus, ______________ and stapes. | incus |
| ***The three tiny bones called ear ossicles are the ______________ incus, and stapes. | malleus |
| ***The three tiny bones called ear ossicles are the malleus, incus, and ______________ | stapes |
| ***The watery fluid that provides nutrients to and bathes the structures in the anterior chamber of the eyeball is the ______________ ______________. | Aqueous humor |
| ***The white of the eye, called the ______________ is the tough, outermost layer of the eye and covers all except the front of the eye. | sclera |
| A buildup of earwax within the external auditory canal is __________. | cerumen impaction |
| Mrs. Whitley, a 61-year-old patient, calls the office this morning. She is also seeing flashes of light and floaters. Which of the following statements is your best response to Mrs. Whitley? | "Mrs. Whitley, please have someone drive you to the hospital immediately, or call 911." |
| Which of these is hearing loss due to the aging process? | presbycusis |
| __________ is an inflammation of the ear. | Otitis |
Created by:
evelynlarios1