Help
Options
Question
CaCl2 is dissolved in water. The chlorine that is released will be in the form of anions.
True
False
True
False
click to flip
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't know
Question
The number of protons in an atom of an element always equals its mass number.
True
False
True
False
Remaining cards (92)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chapter 2 Practice
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| CaCl2 is dissolved in water. The chlorine that is released will be in the form of anions. True False | True |
| The number of protons in an atom of an element always equals its mass number. True False | False |
| A phospholipid differs structurally from a triglyceride in that the phospholipid has three phosphate groups attached to the glycerol molecule rather than three fatty acid chains. True False | False |
| What happens to the ionic compound NaCl when placed in water? A new covalent bond will form between Na and Cl. NaCl will dissociate into Na+ and Cl- ions. Na and Cl will each form a covalent bond with a water molecule. The bond between Na and Cl will become a hydrogen bond. | NaCl will dissociate into Na+ and Cl- ions. |
| A blood pH of__________ is called alkalemia. 6.5 - 7.0 7.0- 7.2 7.2 - 7.5 7.5 - 7.8 | 7.5 - 7.8 |
| Chemical bonding occurs because of interactions between the__________ of atoms. electrons nuclei protons neutrons | electrons |
| How does a computerized tomography (CT) scan differ from a conventional X-ray image? The CT scan is two-dimensional. The CT scan is three-dimensional. The CT scan is four-dimensional. The CT scan is safer. | The CT scan is three-dimensional |
| How do isotopes of a particular element compare to each other? They have the same atomic number and same mass number. They have the same atomic number but different mass numbers. They have different atomic numbers but the same mass number. They have different atomic numbers and different mass numbers. | They have the same atomic number but different mass numbers |
| Collagen is a protein with a coiled (helical) conformation. When it is exposed to high temperature, it becomes straight and flat. Its primary structure is not altered by the temperature change. What happened to cause the molecule to flatten? Bonds between carbon and oxygen were broken. Hydrogen bonds were broken. Peptide bonds were broken. Peptide bonds were formed. | Hydrogen bonds were broken |
| What type of atomic radiation will most deeply penetrate matter? Alpha radiation Beta radiation Gamma radiation | Gamma radiation |
| If Ca+2 were to gain 2 electrons, it would become Ca0 and become neutral. True False | True |
| Complete ribosomes, found within cells of the body, are formed by the association between different protein subunits. Each complete ribosome represents the__________ of this organelle. primary structure secondary structure tertiary structure quaternary structure | quaternary structure |
| Matter is composed of elements which, in turn, are composed of_________. atoms inorganic molecules organic molecules chemicals | atoms |
| What statement describes proteins? Proteins provide most of the energy used by cells. The shape of proteins molecules are critical to their function. Proteins are built of long carbon chains with specialized chemical groups at either end of the chains. Proteins are not water soluble. | The shape of proteins molecules are critical to their function. |
| What statement describes carbohydrates? They contain C, H, O, with twice as many hydrogen as oxygen atoms. They are not water soluble, but are lipid soluble. They include enzymes, antibodies, and membrane receptor molecules. Some will contain nitrogen and phosphate. | They contain C, H, O, with twice as many hydrogen as oxygen atoms. |
| In order to understand how digestion of nutrients occurs, or how nutrients are used to provide cellular energy, it is necessary to understand__________. chemistry anatomy radioactivity cytology | chemistry |
| The atomic number of an atom equals the number of__________, and the mass number equals the__________. weight of all electrons; number of protons plus neutrons number of protons; weight of all the electrons number of neutrons plus protons; number of electrons number of protons; number of protons plus neutrons | number of protons; number of protons plus neutrons |
| DNA and RNA are nucleic acids. True False | True |
| Chemistry is the branch of science that studies__________. the composition, properties, and interactions of matter the function of organs within the body the structure of the organs of the body the location of organs in body cavities | the composition, properties, and interactions of matter |
| An electrolyte ionizes in water. True False | True |
| Name the polysachharide synthesized by human cells and stored in the liver and skeletal muscles. Glucose Glycogen Sucrose Lactose | Glycogen |
| When placed in a solution, the compound HNO3 dissociates into H+ and NO3-. The compound HNO3 must be a(n)__________. salt nucleotide acid monosaccharide | acid |
| The type of radiation that removes electrons from atoms is called__________ radiation. ionizing radicalizing energizing fusion | ionizing |
| A protein is formed by a sequence of amino acids. True False | True |
| Which of these is a monosaccharide? Glucose Starch Cellulose Sucrose | Glucose |
| Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging relies upon the emission of__________ from radioactive isotopes such as carbon-11. positively charged electrons negatively charged electrons positively charged neutrons protons | positively charged electrons |
| What is the role of oxygen in the body? Reacts with water to form carbonic acid. Used to release energy from nutrient molecules. Functions as a major electrolyte. Produced as a waste product of celluluar metabolism. | Used to release energy from nutrient molecules |
| Because the ways that atoms interact is due to their number of__________, isotopes of an atom chemically react in the same manner. electrons neutrons protons | electrons |
| What is the mass number of an element whose atoms contain eight protons, eight electrons, and eight neutrons? 8 16 24 32 | 16 |
| A base is an electrolyte that releases ions that will then combine with hydrogen ions. True False | True |
| Lard, a fat that is solid at room temperature, will have__________ than peanut oil. more oxygen atoms more glycerol groups more single carbon-carbon bonds fewer hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon atoms | more single carbon-carbon bonds |
| How are organic compounds different from inorganic compounds? Organic compounds always contain both carbon and hydrogen. Organic compounds always contain both oxygen and nitrogen. Organic compounds always contain both carbon and oxygen. Organic compounds always contain both nitrogen and hydrogen. | Organic compounds always contain both carbon and hydrogen |
| Consider the following list of commonly found items and their pH values: Battery acid (1.0), vinegar (2.2), grapes (3.5–4.5), tomato (4.0–4.5), beer (4.2), coffee (5.0), white bread (5.0–6.0), butter (6.1–6.4), egg whites (7.6–8.0), baking soda (8.3), milk of magnesia (10.6), bleach (12.8) Based on your knowledge of acid and base reactions, which of the following would be most likely to react with a base to form a salt? Bleach Battery acid Coffee Egg whites | Battery acid |
| How do the atoms of different elements differ from one another? They have the same atomic numbers and the same mass numbers. They have the same atomic numbers but different mass numbers. They have different atomic numbers and different mass numbers. They have different atomic numbers but the same number of electrons. | They have different atomic numbers and different mass numbers. |
| What type of organic molecule can undergo replication? Protein Lipid Carbohydrate Nucleic acid | Nucleic acid |
| Proteins contain the code for the production of nucleic acids. True False | False |
| What group of elements accounts for more than 95% of the human body by weight? Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen. Calcium, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen. Carbon, phosphorus, oxygen, hydrogen. Calcium, phosphorus, hydrogen, nitrogen. | Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen |
| A complex carbohydrate consists of a phosphate group attached to a sugar molecule. True False | False |
| What is the chemical formula H2O referring to? An atom with two hydrogen molecules and one oxygen molecule. An atom with one hydrogen molecule and two oxygen molecules. A molecule that contains two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. A molecule that contains one hydrogen atom and two oxygen atoms. | A molecule that contains two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. |
| Glycogen is a complex carbohydrate that is obtained by eating plants. True False | False |
| An individual with the condition called phenylketonuria cannot break down the amino acid phenylalanine. Molecules that include phenylalanine will build up in the blood, potentially causing intellectual disability and other symptoms. This inherited disease can be controlled by following a diet that is very low in__________. carbohydrates cholesterol protein nucleic acids | protein |
| The chemical bond called a(n)__________ bond involves the unequal sharing of electrons between two atoms. polar covalent nonpolar covalent ionic hydrogen | polar covalent |
| Sodium ions and calcium ions are examples of what type of particle? Cations Uncharged particles Anions Salts | Cations |
| The difference in hydrogen ion concentration between solutions with pH 4 and pH 5 is__________. two-fold five-fold ten-fold hundred-fold | ten-fold |
| What occurs to form a covalent bond? One atom loses electrons and another atom gains electrons. Atoms share one or more pairs of electrons. Oppositely charged atoms are attracted to one another. Like-charged atoms repel each other. | Atoms share one or more pairs of electrons |
| The bond that forms between K+ and Cl- is a(n)__________. nonpolar covalent bond ionic bond hydrogen bond polar covalent bond | ionic bond |
| What is measured by the pH scale? Concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution. Concentration of salts dissolved in a solution. Concentration of hydroxide ions in a solution. Strength of an electrical current that a solution can carry. | Concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution |
| What statement describes lipids? They are insoluble in water. They contain abundant amounts of nitrogen and sulfur. They have equal numbers of hydrogen and oxygen atoms. They include starch, cellulose, and sucrose. | They are insoluble in water |
| Which of the following best describes the reaction NaNO3 + HCl → HNO3 + NaCl? Decomposition reaction Exchange reaction Reversible reaction Synthesis reaction | Exchange reaction |
| The first electron shell of an atom can hold a maximum of__________ electrons. 1 2 4 8 | 2 |
| How do DNA and RNA differ? DNA contains ribose and RNA contains deoxyribose. DNA is single-stranded and RNA is double-stranded. DNA codes for genetic information and RNA uses that information to synthesize protein. DNA is comprised of nucleotides and RNA is comprised of amino acids. | DNA codes for genetic information and RNA uses that information to synthesize protein |
| Radioactive isotopes have stable nuclei. True False | False |
| What does the term conformation refer to? The three-dimensional shape of a molecule. The energy held in the bonds of an organic molecule. The ability of DNA to copy itself. The amino acid sequence of a protein. | The three-dimensional shape of a molecule |
| What are electrolytes? Compounds that form covalent bonds with water. Compounds that ionize in water. Compounds that alter pH of the solution they are in electrolytes. Compounds that release radioactive radiation. | Compounds that ionize in water |
| A person with alkalosis has a blood pH less than 7.3. True False | False |
| When are synthesis reactions particularly important in the body? During the release of energy from nutrients. For the digestion of food products. For the growth of body parts. During the neutralization of acids by buffers. | For the growth of body parts |
| Why is a complete atom considered to be electrically neutral? Because the number of protons equals the number of neutrons. Because the number of electrons equals the number of neutrons. Because the number of electrons equals the number of protons. Because the number of electrons is greater than the number of protons. | Because the number of electrons equals the number of protons |
| How do the atoms of isotopes of a particular element vary? They have differing numbers of electrons. They have differing numbers of protons. They have differing numbers of neutrons. They have differing number of nuclei. | They have differing numbers of neutrons. |
| Chemically inert atoms always have their outermost electron shell full. True False | True |
| What statement describes DNA? It is assembled out of subunits containing a sugar group and a phosphate group. It is assembled out of subunits called amino acids. It is a major source of cellular energy. It is important in forming the structure of cells. | It is assembled out of subunits containing a sugar group and a phosphate group |
| Which of the following is not an organic compound? Sodium chloride Cholesterol DNA The enzyme phosphodiesterase | Sodium chloride |
| Nucleic acids are composed of building blocks called amino acids. True False | False |
| Sodium and chloride atoms interact with each other because they both lose electrons. True False | False |
| An acid is an electrolyte that releases hydroxide ions (OH-) in water. True False | False |
| What are nucleic acids? Inorganic salts Molecules that act as enzymes. Molecules comprised of nucleotides. Primary sources of cellular energy. | Molecules comprised of nucleotides |
| Which statement correctly describes radioactive isotopes? They are stable and can participate in chemical bonding. They are unstable and will decompose, releasing energy. They are stable and will decompose, releasing energy. They are unstable, but can become stable by bonding with other isotopes. | They are unstable and will decompose, releasing energy |
| How does one isotope of a particular element differ from another of the same element? The isotopes have different numbers of protons. The isotopes have different atomic numbers. The isotopes have different numbers of electrons. The isotopes have different mass numbers. | The isotopes have different mass numbers |
| Two negatively charged bromide (Br-) ions exist in solution. They will be attracted to each other and form an ionic bond. True False | False |
| Which of the following best describes the reaction H2CO3 → H2O + CO2 ? Decomposition reaction Exchange reaction Reversible reaction Synthesis reaction | Decomposition reaction |
| A substance that has been added to a protein sample does not alter the composition or amino acid sequence of the protein itself, but changes its three-dimensional structure. What term describes this effect? Decomposition Denaturation Exchange reaction Neutralization | Denaturation |
| What particles are located in the nucleus of an atom? Protons and neutrons Protons and electrons Electrons and neutrons Neutrons, electrons, and protons | Protons and neutrons |
| The breakdown of table sugar (sucrose) into glucose and fructose is an example of a(n)__________ reaction. synthesis decomposition neutralization exchange | decomposition |
| Amylase is an enzyme that promotes the breakdown of starches during digestion. Which of the following describes the method by which amylase functions? It catalyzes starch breakdown without being changed or depleted. It functions as a hormone that signals for starch breakdown to begin. It inhibits chemical reactions by being changed or depleted by the starch. It changes its composition in order to break starch down itself. | It catalyzes starch breakdown without being changed or depleted |
| An atom has a full innermost shell and three electrons in its second shell. What would happen when this atom forms a chemical bond? It will lose three electrons from its second shell. It will lose all of the electrons from its innermost shell. It will lose all of the electrons from both its innermost and second shells. It will gain five electrons in its second shell. | It will lose three electrons from its second shell. |
| Nucleic acids include__________. proteins and DNA RNA and DNA enzymes and RNA steroids and triglycerides | RNA and DNA |
| A patient’s blood test shows that their blood pH is 7.26. What is the term for this condition? Alkalosis Acidosis | Acidosis |
| Which of the following is an element? Iron Water Sodium chloride Glucose | Iron |
| How is a protein molecule changed when it is denatured? Its primary and secondary structures are altered. Its secondary and tertiary structures are altered. Its amino acid sequence and the secondary structure is altered. Its tertiary and quaternary structures are altered. | Its secondary and tertiary structures are altered |
| What occurs to form an ionic bond? Each atom gains electrons. Atoms share a pair or more of electrons. Oppositely charged atoms are attracted to each other. Like-charged atoms repel each other. | Oppositely charged atoms are attracted to each other |
| Consider the following list of commonly found items and their pH values: Stomach acid (2.0), tomato juice (4.2), cabbage (5.3), cow's milk (6.6), egg white (8.0), baking soda (8.4), milk of magnesia (10.5), bleach (12.8) Which of the following is closest to the pH of distilled water? Tomato juice Baking soda Egg white Cow's milk | Cow's milk |
| Which of the following is true regarding the pH scale? Each whole number on the scale represents a two-fold difference in hydrogen ion concentration. The lower the whole number on the scale, the greater the H+ concentration. Values above 7 are acidic. A substance of pH 2 is more basic than a substance of pH 4. | The lower the whole number on the scale, the greater the H+ concentration |
| When an acid and a base interact during a chemical reaction to produce water and a salt, a type of reaction called a(n)__________ reaction has occurred. synthesis decomposition exchange | exchange |
| What is the most abundant inorganic substance in the body? Glucose Water Lipid DNA | Water |
| Nitrogenous bases are components of what type of molecule? Nucleic acids Proteins Carbohydrates Lipids | Nucleic acids |
| Cholesterol, a type of lipid, is composed of three fatty acid chains attached to glycerol. True False | False |
| Chemistry is the study of the composition of matter and how matter changes. True False | True |
| In the reaction between HCl and Ca(OH)2, the product CaCl2 will be a salt. True False | True |
| What type of molecule has a molecular formula of C6H12O6? Monosaccharide Amino acid Polysaccharide Phospholipid | Monosaccharide |
| Water is an example of a compound. True False | True |
| Consider this reaction: HBr + NaOH → NaBr + H2O. The product NaBr is a(n)__________. buffer salt solvent acid | salt |
| If helium (He) were to gain a proton, what would it become? He+ He− Helium-3 Lithium | Lithium |
| A solution that contains equal numbers of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions is described as being__________. acidic basic alkaline neutral | neutral |
| What building blocks form triglycerides? Three glycerol groups and one fatty acid. Three glucose molecules. Three fatty acids and three phosphate groups. Three fatty acids and one glycerol. | Three fatty acids and one glycerol. |
Created by:
PRO Teacher
garrisonjr84