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Unit 5 GREECE pt 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name two geographical features that shaped the development of Ancient Greece | .Mts and Seas |
| How did the mountains affect the lives of ancient Greeks? | 1. provided protection, 2 isolated and created independent C.S, 3 difficult to trade and travel |
| How did the seas affect the lives of ancient Greeks? | 1. trade and travel, 2. used to set up colonies |
| A piece of land that is surrounded by water on 3 sides is called | peninsula |
| A narrow piece of land which connects Attica to Peloponnesus is called an | isthmus |
| What dangers did the Greeks encounter when traveling by land? | sharp rocks shattered wheels, attacked by bandits |
| What dangers did the Greeks encounter when traveling by sea? | sudden storms could sink ships, attacked by pirates |
| What is a colony? | a distant settlement |
| Why did ancient Greeks set up colonies? | in search of fertile land |
| What activities took place in the agora? | meeting place, buy and sell goods, share ideas |
| Define Monarchy | king who ruled with help from advisors, inherited power, created laws |
| Define Tyranny | a single ruler, used force and false promises to gain power |
| Define Oligarchy | a few wealthy military men who ignored the needs of the citizens, passed laws to increase their wealth, used force |
| Define Direct Democracy | citizens share power who were male and over 18 |
| What government does Athens have? | direct democracy |
| What government does Sparta have? | oligarchy |
| Who rules in Athen's government? | Assembly: discuss, debate and vote on laws. Council of 500: ran day to day business of C.S. |
| Who rules in Sparta's government? | Assembly had limited power vote yes/no, Council of Elders: 2 kings and 28 men |
| Describe the role of women in Athens | few to no rights, could not inherit property |
| Describe the role of women in Sparta | own property, run a business, fight for C.S. |
| Describe the military in Athens | began training at 18 |
| Describe the military in Sparta | began training at 7 |
| Describe the economy in Athens | encouraged trade, used coins |
| Describe the economy in Sparta | discouraged trade used iron bars |
| Describe the role of slaves in Athens | worked in the silver mines, factories, and farms |
| Describe the role of slaves in Sparta | treated harshly, buy freedom |
| Describe the Persian Empire | large supply of resources and soldiers, organized highly trained army |
| Describe the Greeks | limited supply of resources, fought independently, |
| What caused the Greek Persian War to begin? | started with the Ionian Revolt |
| Why did the Ionians revolt? | Persians took Ionians farms, harbors, made them pay taxes, forced into army |
| What ultimately happened to the Ionians after the Athenians left? | Persia destroyed Ionian and sold people into slavery |
| What body of water did the Persians cross to attack the Athenians? | Aegean Sea |
| Why were the Athenians considered the “underdogs”? | outnumbered and fought independently |
| Who joined forces to fight together against the Persians at Thermopylae? | Sparta and Athens |
| How were the Persians able to defeat the Greeks at Thermopylae? | A Greek traitor told Xerxes about a secret passage way to surround the Greeks to defeat them. |
| How was Salamis different from the other 2 battles? | A sea battle |
| What was the outcome of the Battle of Salamis? | Greeks defeated the Persians |
| Name two important outcomes of the Persian Wars | Greeks gained their freedom and independence |
| Who fought in the Peloponnesian War? | Sparta and Athens |
| Why was war inevitable between Sparta and Athens | both wanted to spread their govts and way of life throughout Greece |
| Why did the Persians give money and boats to the Spartans? | Persians wanted revenge against the Athenians for the Ionian Revolt as well as Battle of Marathon and Salamis |
| What happened to democracy? | Democracy ended once the Athenians were taken over by Sparta |
| Describe one internal reason Athens was losing the Peloponnesian War? | Disease broke out killing Pericles and soldier, Athenians argued over who should take charge during the war. |
| Describe one external reason Athens was losing the Peloponnesian War? | Spartans took Athenian silver mines, Spartans destroyed Athenian farms, trade with Athens stopped due to disease |
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