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APES Ch 14 - Water
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Point source | a direct location from which pollution is produced that you can point to |
| nonpoint source | a diffused area that produces pollution; cant point to one source |
| Sewage: primary treatment | remove solids |
| Sewage: secondary treatment | digestion of sludge by bacteria, requires O2, captures methane as energy |
| Sewage: tertiary treatment | chlorine, ozone, or UV light kills bacteria, water exits to ecosystem |
| Oceanic dead zones from nutrient pollution | Fertilizers runoff into bodies of water creating eutrophication leading to dead zones |
| “oxygen sag curve” | In bodies of water with sewage, decomposers come in because they like the nutrients in sewage & perform cell respiration, taking all oxygen from water making it hypoxic. Only anaerobic organisms survive. |
| Sources of heavy metals on groundwater/drinking water | Lead found in pipes and other materials of older construction, arsenic occurs naturally through mining and industry, mercury occurs through burning coal |
| Impacts of heavy metals on groundwater/drinking water | Leads to damage to the brain and nervous system, slowed growth and development, learning and behavior problems, and hearing and speech problems |
| Causes and impact of increased sediment in waterways | Cause water to become darker leading to less photosynthesis, increased temperatures and can clog gills of aquatic animals |
| What is Eutrophication? How does it lead to die-offs? | A phenomenon in which a body of water becomes rich in nutrients; causes rapid growth of algae which eventually dies, causing the microbes to increase the BOD |
| “Hypoxic”- What does this mean for a body of water | Low concentration of oxygen |
| Eutrophic | highly productive, with lots of plants/algae and less clear water |
| Oligotrophic | nutrient-poor, very few plants and very clear water |
| What is thermal pollution? Sources? | Non Chemical water pollutants that occur when human activities cause a substantial change in the temperature of the water (factories taking in cold water and releasing hot water back) |
| Thermal pollution impacts on dissolved oxygen | Warmer water has less dissolved oxygen |
| Noise pollution | Sounds emitted by ships in submarines |
| Impact of noise pollution on ecosystem | Interferes with animal communication |
| Clean Water Act | Issued water quality standards that defined acceptable limits of various pollutants in U.S. waterways |
| Safe Drinking Water Act | Establishes maximum contaminant levels for 77 different elements or substances in both surface water and groundwater |
Created by:
maddiehubbs