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Chapter 21 Vocab
APUSH Chapter 21 Vocab Study Set
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Allies | Britain, France, Italy, and Russia |
| American Expeditionary Force | members of the Army and National Guard which, after passage of the Selective Service Act, numbered ~5 million troops sent overseas to fight in Europe when the US entered the war |
| Central Powers | Germany, Austro Hungarian Empire, Ottoman empire |
| Dollar Diplomacy | Tafts economic policies that helped advance Americas economic interests overseas |
| Great Migration | migration of hundreds of thousands of African Americans from the industrial South into large industrial cities- pushed by poverty indebtedness violence,etc and pulled by the prospect of factory jobs |
| League of Nations | "covenant" agreed to by the Allied Powers-assembly of Nations that met regularly to debate means of resolving disputes and protecting peace to prevent future wars |
| Ludlow Massacre | part of a series of striles staged by the Western Federation of Miners to improve working conditions in the mines. Workers walked out of mines in Ludlow, CO owned by Rockefeller and stayed in tents. |
| Lusitania | British passenger liner sunk by a German submarine as part of their policy of unrestricted submarine warfare, causing tension between the US and Germany |
| Marcus Garvey | known for his ideology of black nationalism; encouraged African Americans to take pride in their achievements, acknowledge their heritage, and reject assimilation into white society while developing pride in their own "superior race and culture" |
| Nicola Sacco & Bartolomeo Vanzetti | Italian immigrants who were charged with the murder of a paymaster in Braintree, MA- post Red Scare |
| Nineteenth Amendment | gave women the right to vote, became part of the Constitution August 26, 1920; culmination of a century long struggle. |
| Palmer Raids | Series of raids orchestrated by Att Gen A. Mitchell Palmer and J Edgar Hoover as part of the Red Scare on alleged radical centers throughout the country resulting in the arrest of 6K people. |
| Pancho Villa | leader of a rebel Mexican Army, who after losing American support for his taking over, led a series of attacks on Americans. An AEF was sent by Wilson led by Gen John J Pershing to pursue his army |
| Red Scare | concerns about the growing communist threat in America as a result of the Soviet Government's announcement of the formation of the Communist International (Comitern) after the Russian Revolution |
| Roosevelt Corollary | claimed that the US had the right not only to oppose European Intervention in the Western Hemisphere, but also to intervene in the domestic affairs of its neighbors if they were unable to maintain order and national sovereignty on their own |
| Senator Henry Cabot Lodge | Senator from MA, powerful chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee who violently opposed ratification of the Treaty of Versailles |
| The Fourteen Points | List of proposals by Wilson to show the war aims and attempt to prevent future war: recommendations for adjusting postwar boundaries and est. new nations to replace the AH and Ottoman Empires, principles to govern international conduct. |
| The Treaty of Versailles | treaty that negotiated the end of WWI with Germany, faced much opposition in the senate even after it had been modified to account for complaints |
| Trench Warfare | necessary because of the tremendous destructive power of the improved machine guns and heavy artillery (vulnerable to tanks, flamethrowers, and mustard gas) |
| Triple Entente | Britain, France, And Russia |
| United Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) | led by Marcus Garvey, launched a chain of black owned grocery stores and pressed for creation of other black businesses- held to his beliefs of black nationalism |
| Zimmerman Telegram | telegram intercepted by the British that was from the German Prime Minister, Arthur Zimmerman to the Mexican government proposing that in the event of war, the Mexicans could join the Germans to regain their lost provinces. |
| Reparations | As part of the Treaty of Versailles, Germany was ordered to pay fines to the Allies to repay the costs of the war. Opposed by the U.S., it quickly lead to a severe depression in Germany. |
| Monroe Doctrine | an American foreign policy opposing interference in the Western hemisphere from outside powers, in exchange the United States would not interfere in Europe |
| Washington's Farewell Address | Warned Americans not to get involved in European affairs, not to make permanent alliances, not to form political parties and to avoid sectionalism. |
| MAIN | Causes of WWI: Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism |
| Global causes of the Great Depression | circular loans between Germany, the Allies and the United States |
| Reservationalists and Irreconcilable | American Senators who refused to ratify the Treat of Versailles in the US over fears that the League of Nations would drag the US in numerous wars and limit US independence, reservationists would join the League of Nations with changes to Article X. |
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Lujuanamarie