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Ch. 4,5,10
Rad Protec 235
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The EfD is based on which of the following: A. the electrical charge produced in a kilogram of dry air by ionizing radiation B. The energy deposited in biologic tissue by ionizing radiation. C. The dose of ionizing radiation required to cause diffuse redness over an area of skin D. The number of electron-ion pairs in a specific volume of air | B. The energy deposited in biologic tissue by ionizing radiation |
| What is the formula for finding total EqD? What is the unit for EqD? | Total EqD = (D x Wr)1 + (D x Wr)2 + (D x Wr)3 Sieverts |
| What is the whole-body TEDE regulatory limit for exposed personnel? | 0.05 Sv |
| What is the whole-body TEDE regulatory limit for the general public? | 0.001 Sv |
| For the right PA oblique projection (RAO) for the sternum, the body should be rotated how many degrees? | 15 to 20 degrees |
| What is the unit for collective effective dose (ColEfD)? | Person-sievert |
| To convert the number of gray into milligram, the number of gray must be: | Multiplied by 1000 (Big to small = multiply; small to big = divide) |
| In keeping with the ALARA concept, most health care facilities issue dosimeters devices when personnel could receive about _____ of the annual occupation EfD limit in any month, or approximately 0.04 mSv. | Dosimeters are issued when personnel could receive about 1% of the annual occupational EfD limit in any month |
| Which part of the large intestine contains the appendix? | Cecum |
| This is the sum total of air kerma over the exposed area of the patient’s body surface. | Dose area product (DAP) |
| For x-ray and gamma ray photons with energies from 5 keV to greater than 40 MeV, the _____ gives an accurate reading as low as 10 microsieverts (1 mrem). | OSL dosimeter |
| What is the formula for finding EfD? What is the unit for EfD? | EfD = D x Wr x Wt Sieverts |
| In obsolete radiation protection systems, a radiation dose to which occupationally exposed persons could be continuously subjected without any apparent harmful acute effects, such as erythema of the skin, was known as: | Tolerance dose |
| Tissue weighting factor is used in the calculation of? | EfD |
| Which of the following was used as the first measure of exposure for ionizing radiation from 1900-1930, causing reddening of the skin? | Skin erythema |
| Where should a radiation worker’s radiation monitor be located if they are receiving a medical radiographic exam? | Not in the radiographic room |
| Which of the following factors must be multiplied to determine the EfD from an x-radiation exposure of an organ or body part? | D x Wr x Wt |
| For x-ray and gamma ray photons with energies up to 3 MeV, which of the following quantities may be defined as the measure of the total electric charge of one sign, either all pluses or all minuses, per unit mass that these two kinds of radiation generate in air only? | Exposure |
| During diagnostic imaging procedures, how may the radiation dose to the abdomen of a pregnant radiographer be monitored during gestation? | It may be obtained from a second radiation monitor worn at the abdominal level |
| What is the formula for cumulative effective dose? | CumEfD = 10 mSv x age (in years) |
| What agency is responsible for enforcing radiation safety standards? | Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) |
| Biologic effects such as cataracts that result from exposure to ionizing radiation appear to have what kind of dose-response curve? | Sigmoid threshold dose-response curve |
| What group of people has provided sufficient evidence of the induction of stochastic effects in humans resulting from high radiation absorbed doses? | Japanese atomic bomb survivors |
| When exposed to radiation as part of their educational experience, those students under age 18 should not exceed an effective dose limit of ____ annually. | 1 mSv |
| Which of the following radiation quantities accounts for some biologic tissues being more sensitive to radiation damage than other tissues? | Effective dose |
| List the 3 requirements for radiation survey instruments. | 1. Must be reliable so that radiation exposure in a given area can be accurately assessed 2. Must be durable enough to withstand normal use 3. Should interact with ionizing radiation similar to the way in which human tissue reacts |
| When a radiologic procedure requires the hands of a radiation worker to be near the primary beam, the equivalent dose to the hands of that individual may be determined through the use of: | A TLD ring worn on the hand of the radiation worker |
| What chemical compound functions as the sensing material in a thermoluminescent dosimeter? | lithium fluoride |
| What instrument should be used to locate a lost radioactive source or detect low-level radioactive contamination? | Geiger-Muller meter (GM Survey meter) |
| When laser light is incident on the sensing material in an OSL dosimeter, the material: | Becomes luminescent in proportion to the amount of radiation exposure received |
| During routine radiographic procedures, when a protective apron is not being worn, the primary personnel dosimeter should be attached to the clothing on the front of the body at: | Collar level to approximate the location of maximal radiation dose to the thyroid and the head and neck |
| How is the SI unit for DAP usually specified? | mGy-cm2 |
| What is the SI radiation unit coulomb per kilogram used to specify? | Radiation exposure in air only |
| What are the responsibilities of a medical facility’s radiation safety officer (RSO)? | Developing an appropriate radiation safety program and Maintaining radiation-monitoring records for all personnel |
| Which of the following instruments should be used in an x-ray installation to measure the fluoroscopic scatter radiation exposure rate? | Cutie pie |
| What instruments is used to calibrate radiographic and fluoroscopic x-ray equipement? | Ionization chamber with electrometer |
| What is the annual occupation effective dose that applies to radiographers during routine operations? | 50 mSv |
| For radiation workers, such as medical imaging personnel, occupational risk may be equated with occupational risk in which of the following? | Other industries that are generally considered reasonably safe |
| Revised estimates derived from more recent reevaluations of dosimetric studies studies on the atomic bomb survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki indicate | An increase in the number of solid tumors in the survivor population |
| The concept of tissue weighting factor is used to do which of the following? | Account for the risk to the entire organism brought on by irradiation of individual tissues and organs |
| The effective dose and the equivalent dose should be well _____ the maximum allowable levels | Below |
| “Each patient should get the right imaging exam, right time, right dose” | FDA |
| There are two categories of radiation induced responses: | Deterministic and stochastic (probabilistic) |
| Annual EfD for frequent exposure | 1 mSv |
| Annual EfD for infrequent exposure | 5 mSv |
Created by:
Gabipattie