Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chemistry
Chapter 12 test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a measure of the resistance of a liquid flow | viscosity |
| the energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid by a given amount | surface tension |
| force per unit area | pressure |
| the model describing the behavior of gases in terms of particles in motion | kinetic-molecular theory |
| an instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure | barometer |
| a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter | temperature |
| states that the total pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the pressures of each gas in the mixture | Dalton's law of partial pressure |
| the temperature at which a crystalline solid becomes a liquid | melting point |
| the pressure exerted by a vapor over a liquid | vapor pressure |
| a graph that shows in which phase a substance exists under different conditions of temperature and pressure | phase diagram |
| collisions between gas particles in which no kinetic energy is lost | elastic collisions |
| particles move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration | diffusion |
| a solid whose atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in an orderly, geometric, three-dimensional structure | crystalline solid |
| temperature at which a liquid becomes a crystalline solid | freezing point |
| states that the rate of effusion for a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass | Graham's law of effusion |
| temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the external or atmospheric pressure | boiling point |
| the process by which a solid changes directly to a gas without first becoming a liquid | sublimation |
| a solid in which the particles are not arranged in a regular, repeating pattern | amorphous solid |
| what is the SI unit of pressure? | pascal |
| the point on a phase diagram that represents the temperature and pressure at which three phases of a substance can coexist | triple point |
| compounds that lower the surface tension of water | surfactants |
| what does the viscosity of a liquid depend on? | the strength of intermolecular forces |
| what happens to the density of a gas as it is compressed? | mass remains the same, volume gets smaller overall density increases |
| differentiate among dispersion forces, dipole-dipole forces, and hydrogen bonds | dispersion-weakest, created by movement of electrons, found in everything dipole-dipole-permanent partial changes, polar covalent, attractions of oppositely charged poles hydrogen bonds-strongest, polar H containing |
| what rates do larger and smaller gases effuse? | larger: slowly smaller: quickly |
| instrument used to measure gas pressure in a closed container | manometer |
| pressure caused by the air particles in the atmosphere moving in all directions | air pressure |
| whats the difference between intra and intermolecular forces? | intramolecular-forces within; covalent bonding, ionic bonding, metallic bonding intermolecular forces- forces between; dispersion forces, dipole-dipole forces, hydrogen bonding |
| what are characteristics of liquids? | -fixed volume but take container shape -incompressible -more dense than gases -are fluids |
| how do particle shape and size affect viscosity? | -more massive particles, greater viscosity -longer chains of molecules, greater viscosity |
| how do attractive forces affect viscosity? | -greater intermolecular attractive forces, greater the viscosity |
| how does temperature affect viscosity? | -viscosity decreases with temperature |
| forces of attraction between identical molecules | cohesion |
| forces of attraction between molecules that are different | adhesion |
| what are characteristics of solids? | -definite shape and definite volume -more dense than their corresponding liquid (except water) -2 types |
| what are the two types of solids? | -crystalline solid -amorphous solid |
| smallest arrangement of atoms in a crystal lattice | unit cell |
| solid of the same element that exists in multiple forms | allotrope |
| what phase change involves changing from a solid to a liquid? | melting |
| what phase change involves changing from a liquid to a gas? | vaporization |
| what phase change involves changing from a liquid to a solid? | freezing |
| what phase change involves changing from a gas to a liquid? | condensation |
| what phase change involves changing from a gas to a solid without being a liquid? | deposition |
| what phase changes release energy? | freezing, condensation, deposition |
| what phase changes require energy? | -melting -vaporization -evaporation -sublimation |
| what phase change involves changing from a solid to a gas without going through the liquid phase? | sublimation |
| what phase change involves vaporization on the surface of a liquid? | evaporation |
| gas escapes through a tiny opening | effusion |
Created by:
random567