a state of geopolitical tension and military competition between the United States and the Soviet Union after the end of World War II

United States would provide political, military and economic assistance to all democratic nations under threat from external or internal authoritarian forces.

a resurgence of European industrialization and brought extensive investment into the region.

process by which colonial empires, especially those of European powers, granted independence to their colonies in the aftermath of World War II .

Indian nationalist leader who employed nonviolent civil disobedience tactics to lead India to independence from British rule.

North Atlantic Trade Organization

Military alliance formed in 1949 among Western European and North American countries to counter the threat posed by the Soviet Union during the Cold War.

Military alliance established in 1955 among the Soviet Union and several Eastern European countries in response to NATO, aimed at mutual defense and cooperation.

Term coined by Winston Churchill to describe the division of Europe into Soviet-controlled Eastern Europe and Western Europe during the Cold War.

Policy announced by U.S. President Harry S. Truman in 1947 to provide aid to countries threatened by communism, marking a shift in U.S. foreign policy towards containment.

U.S. program initiated in 1948 to provide economic aid to Western European countries devastated by World War II, aimed at fostering economic recovery and preventing the spread of communism.

Conflicts in which opposing powers support combatants that serve their interests instead of waging war directly. Examples include the Vietnam War and various conflicts in Africa and Latin America during the Cold War.

confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union over Soviet ballistic missiles deployed in Cuba, which brought the two superpowers to the brink of nuclear war before a resolution was reached.

introduced reforms such as glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring), ultimately leading to the end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

A campaign initiated by Mao Zedong in China from 1958 to 1962 to rapidly transform the country from an agrarian economy to an industrialized socialist society, resulting in widespread famine and economic devastation.

socio-political movement in China initiated by Mao Zedong in 1966 to purge the country of bourgeois elements and revitalize revolutionary fervor, resulting in widespread persecution, violence, and economic disruption.

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APWH Unit 8 Vocab

Part 1

Question	Answer
Cold War	a state of geopolitical tension and military competition between the United States and the Soviet Union after the end of World War II
Truman Doctrine	United States would provide political, military and economic assistance to all democratic nations under threat from external or internal authoritarian forces.
Marshall Plan	a resurgence of European industrialization and brought extensive investment into the region.
Decolonization	process by which colonial empires, especially those of European powers, granted independence to their colonies in the aftermath of World War II .
Mohandas Gandhi	Indian nationalist leader who employed nonviolent civil disobedience tactics to lead India to independence from British rule.
North Atlantic Trade Organization	Military alliance formed in 1949 among Western European and North American countries to counter the threat posed by the Soviet Union during the Cold War.
Warsaw Pact	Military alliance established in 1955 among the Soviet Union and several Eastern European countries in response to NATO, aimed at mutual defense and cooperation.
Iron Curtain	Term coined by Winston Churchill to describe the division of Europe into Soviet-controlled Eastern Europe and Western Europe during the Cold War.
Truman Doctrine	Policy announced by U.S. President Harry S. Truman in 1947 to provide aid to countries threatened by communism, marking a shift in U.S. foreign policy towards containment.
Marshall Plan	U.S. program initiated in 1948 to provide economic aid to Western European countries devastated by World War II, aimed at fostering economic recovery and preventing the spread of communism.
Proxy Wars	Conflicts in which opposing powers support combatants that serve their interests instead of waging war directly. Examples include the Vietnam War and various conflicts in Africa and Latin America during the Cold War.
Cuban Missile Crisis	confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union over Soviet ballistic missiles deployed in Cuba, which brought the two superpowers to the brink of nuclear war before a resolution was reached.
Mikhail Gorbachev	introduced reforms such as glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring), ultimately leading to the end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
Great Leap Forward	A campaign initiated by Mao Zedong in China from 1958 to 1962 to rapidly transform the country from an agrarian economy to an industrialized socialist society, resulting in widespread famine and economic devastation.
Cultural Revolution	socio-political movement in China initiated by Mao Zedong in 1966 to purge the country of bourgeois elements and revitalize revolutionary fervor, resulting in widespread persecution, violence, and economic disruption.

Created by: KamLC

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