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APUSH Vocab - Ch. 18
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Chicago School | a school of architecture dedicated to the design of buildings whose form expressed their structure and function |
| Tenement | a high density, cheap, five or six story housing unit designed for working class families, housed 20+ families in crammed airless compartments which lead to disease and infant mortality |
| Ragtime | a musical genre that enjoyed its peak popularity between 1895 and 1918. Its main characteristic trait is its syncopated, or "ragged," rhythm. It began as dance music in the red-light districts of African American communities |
| Yellow journalism | a derogatory term for newspapers that specialize in sensationalistic reporting. it is associated with the inflammatory reporting by the Hearst and Pulitzer papers leading up to the Spanish American war put pressure on America to start war (OG fake news) |
| Political machine | a highly organized class of insiders that directs a political party. These complex, hierarchical party organization kept power through their strength their political party had and their relationship with voters, especially working immigrants |
| "City Beautiful" movement | movement encouraged the beautification of landscape, parks in urban areas and more playgrounds |
| Hull House | one of the first and most social settlements founded by Jane Addams in an impoverished, Italian immigrant neighborhood on Chicago's west side, offered the poor basic needs and jobs |
| Triangle Shirtwaist Fire | a devastating fire at the Triangle Shirtwaist Company that killed 146 people mostly young immigrant women because they were locked in the room and the windows were high above the ground, better safety in the workplace after this |
| Margret Sanger | American leader of the movement to legalize birth control during the early 1900's. As a nurse in the poor sections of New York City, she had seen the suffering caused by unwanted pregnancy |
| Nelly Bley | the most famous American woman reporter of the 19th century. Her investigation of conditions at an insane asylum sparked outrage, legal action, and improvements of the treatment of the mentally ill |
| Joseph Pulitzer | leader of the yellow press |
| Skyscrapers | allowed landowners to make a profit using only a little land in the city since land was so expensive, the invention of the steel frame |
| race riot | a public outbreak of violence between two racial groups in a community (whites vs African Americans); triggered by political conflicts, street altercations, or rumors of crime |
| Mutual benefit society | an organization through which members of an ethnic group or community pool their funds to aid one another in case of an emergency. the societies functioned as fraternal clubs that collected dues from members to pay support in case of death or disability |
| vaudeville | a type of professional stage show popular in the 1880s and 1890s that included singing, dancing, and comedy routines |
| blues | music that originated in the Deep South, especially from cotton field workers |
| muckrakers | investigative journalists who published exposes of political scandals and industrial abuses |
| progressivism | a loose array of reform movements that worked to clean up politics, fight poverty, increase radical and economic justice, and protect environmental resources, giving their name to the early 20th century progressive era |
| social settlement | a progressive era community welfare center that investigated the plight of the urban poor advocated for change, and helped residents advocate on their own behalf |
| Pure Food and Drug Act | a 1906 law that created the food and Drug Administration to regulate the food and drug industries to ensure safety |
| Jacob Riis | Danish immigrant, photographer and journalist. One of the first to use flash and author of How the Other Half Lives. He helped to draw attention to poverty in American cities. |
| Upton Sinclair | wrote a book called the Jungle that exposed the American meat factories, lead to the Pure Food and Drug Act |
| red light district | Area in cities reserved for prostitutes |
| William Randolph Hearst | United States newspaper publisher whose introduction of large headlines and sensational reporting changed American journalism |
| mass transit | In response to urban growth, cities began to experiment with new forms of transportation. New York opened its first elevated railway in 1870; Other cities experimented with cable cars, electric trolley lines, and subways; the suspension bridge |
| Jane Addams | an American social worker, sociologist, philosopher and reformer, started Hull House |
Created by:
alice.heyl