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Chem Build Blocks
Chapter 3 - THe Periodic table
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| k;',atomic mass | The average mass of one atom of an element. |
| periodic table | A chart of the elements showing the repeating pattern of their properties. |
| nucleus | The central core of an atom containing protons and usually neutrons. |
| proton | A small, positively charged particle in the nucleus of the atom. |
| neutron | A small particle in the nucleus of the atom, with no electrical charge. |
| electron | A tiny negatively charged particle that moves around the nucleus of an atom. |
| atomic mass unit | A unit used to measure the mass of particles in atoms; a proton or neutron has a mass of 1 amu. |
| atomic number | The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. |
| chemical symbol | A one- or two-letter representation of an element. |
| group | Elements in the same vertical column of the periodic table; also called a family. |
| family | Elements in the same vertical column of the periodic table; also called a group. |
| period | A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table. |
| valence electron | One of the electrons farthest away from the nucleus of the atom; these electrons are involved in chemical reations. |
| malleable | A term used to describe material that can be hammered or rolled into shape. |
| alloy | A mixture of two or more metals. |
| ductile | A term used to describe a material that can be pulled out into a long wire. |
| alkali metal | An element in Group 1 of the periodic table. |
| conductor | A substance that transmits heat or electricity easily. |
| alkaline earth metal | An element in Group 2 of the periodic table. |
| magnetic | A characteristic of those metals that are attracted to magnets and can be made into magnets. |
| transition metal | An element in Groups 3 through 12 of the periodic table. |
| reactivity | The ease and speed with which an element or compound combines with other elements and compounds. |
| lanthanide | An element in the first row of the rare earth elements in the periodic table. |
| corrosion | The gradual wearing away of a metal element due to a chemical reaction. |
| actinide | An element in the second row of the rare earth elements in the periodic table. |
| nonmetal | An element that lacks most of the properties of metals. |
| diatomic molecule | A molecule composed of two atoms. |
| halogen family | The elements in Group 17 of the periodic table. |
| noble gas | An element in Groups 18 of the periodic table. |
| metalloid | An element that has some of the characteristics of metals and some of the characteristics of nonmetals. |
| semiconductor | An element that con conduct electricity under some conditions. |
| plasma | A state of matter in which atoms are stripped of their electrons and the nuclei packed closely together. |
| nuclear fusion | The process in which smaller nuclei combine into larger nuclei, forming heavier elements. |
| supernova | An explosion of a massive star. |
Created by:
melaniebird
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