Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Unit 3 - 6 Mastery
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 8 landform regions of Canada? | Western Cordillera, Canadian Shield, Innuitian highlands, Arctic lowlands, Appalachians, Interior Plains, Hudson Lowlands, St. Lawrence Lowlands |
| Describe the Western Cordillera | On the Western edge of Canada, youngest mountains (jagged peaks), plateaus and valleys. Lots of fjords (inlets formed in valleys from glacial cutting and melting.) |
| Interior Plains | deep and wide river valleys and rolling hills. Few trees and lots of grasslsands. |
| Canadian Shield | Oldest and largest landform region in Canada. Many water bodies and forests. Flat with rounded hills of rocks. |
| Hudson Lowlands | On the souths shore of the Hudson's Bay. Wet, flat, low-lying area with swamps |
| Arctic Lowlands | Group of islands in Arctic Canada. Flat, treeless often referred to as the tundra. Lots of continental glaciers and spires of rock formed by erosion. |
| Innuitian Highlands | Most northern landform region. Medium sized mountains and covered in snow and ice year-round |
| Appalachians | Region extends from eastern Quebec out to the Maritimes. Round rolling mountains and hills covered in vegetation which are seperated by inlets and bays |
| St Lawrence Lowlands | Smallest region includes Southern Ontario and Southern Quebec. Rolling hills, escarpments, lakes beaches and flat plains. |
| What is Pangaea | The central land mass where all continents used to be one land mass hundred of millions of years ago. |
| Continental drift | The theory which refers to the separation of continents from Pangaea and moving away into their current locations. |
| Divergent Plate boundaries | Where tectonic plates move away from one another |
| Convergent Plate boundaries | Where tectonic plates move closer to one another and push into each other. |
| Transform plate boundaries | Where tectonic plates move past one another, maybe just grazing one another |
| Subduction zones | Where an oceanic plate collides with a less dense continental plate, making the oceanic plate subduct and get pushed beneath into the mantle. |
| Glaciation: | The formation, movement, and recession of glaciers as well as how they impact the physical features around them. |
| Drainage: | The area where all precipitation and water empties out into a common set of streams or common stream. |
| Weathering: | The natural process of breaking down natural materials such as rocks via factors such as wind, water or other organisms. |
| Erosion: | The natural process where weathered material is transported, potentially through wind or water or other factors. |
| What is the difference between weather and climate? | Weather is a short-term description of what you see outside and changes very quickly. Climate is determined through long-term observation of weather in a region, typically collected over 30 years and it doesn't change very quickly. |
| What does LOWERN stand for? | Latitude Ocean current Winds Elevation Relief Nearness to water |
| Describe the temp. descriptor and precip. descriptor for Latitude? | T: The farther you are from the equator, the colder it is P: The closer to either pole, the less precipitation there is. |
| Describe the temp. descriptor and precip. descriptor for Ocean Currents? | T: When warm, they raise temperatures along the coast (especially in winter). When cold, they lower temperature (especially in summer) P: When warm, they create wet coastal climates. When cold, they create drier coastal climates. |
| Describe the temp. descriptor and precip. descriptor for Winds? | T: When wind moves off large bodies of water, it regulates temperatures on land by keeping it cool in the summer and cool in the winter P: When wind moves off large bodies of water, it brings moisture to the region, Land to land wind = drier climate |
| Describe the temp. descriptor and precip. descriptor for Elevation? | T: The higher you go, the colder it gets P: The higher you go, the more precipitation you receive |
| Describe the temp. descriptor and precip. descriptor for Relief Barriers? (i.e. mountain) | T: These landforms block wind, so the temperatures on windward and leeward side are different. P: Windward side is more wet because the air rises and leaves moisture. Leeward side is more dry climate as the wind descends, warm up, and evaporate moisture. |
| Describe the temp. descriptor and precip. descriptor for Nearness to Water? | C: Regions closer to large bodies of water have more regulated climates (cool summer, warmer winter) P: Maritimes climates experience more precipitation than inland climates. |
| On a climograph, what do blue and red represent? | Blue represent the bar graph which is precipitation and red represents the line graph which is temperature. |
| What are the most severe and frequent natural disasters in Southern Ontario? | Flooding and severe storms. |
| What are the three steps to prepare for an emergency? | Know the risks: Know what types of natural disasters pose a threat in your region. Make A Plan: Have an exit plan, meeting area, plan for pets, plan for disabled people. Get A kit: Make a kit with essentials to last you 72 hours in case of an emergency. |
| What two factors determine a region's vegetation? | Climate and soils |
| What are deciduous trees? | Trees which bear leaves which start to fall off every autumn and grow back in spring. Examples: Maple, oak, birch |
| What are coniferous trees? | Trees which bear pine needles, scales or cones. Their needles, scales or cones do not fall off until the tree's death. Examples: douglas-fir, cedar, pine. |
| What are the 7 vegetation regions of Canada? | Tundra, West Coast Forest, Boreal & Taiga Forest, Deciduous forest, Grasslands, Mixed Forest, Cordilleran Vegetation |
| Describe the tundra vegetation region: | Most Northern vegetation region. The ground is covered in permafrost and trees do not grow in the region. The climate is also too dry and cold. The only vegetation present is small shrubs, mosses and lichens. Very little humus bc of little vegetation. |
| Describe the Boreal & Taiga Forest vegetation region: | Largest vegetation region in Canada. Coniferous trees on Northern portion and deciduous trees on the Southern portion Shallow humus layer resulting in gray, poor soil because conifers don't lose their needles and leaching takes place. Climate is ranging. |
| Describe the Mixed Forest vegetation region: | Located in Eastern Canada, below the Boreal. There is a lot of variety of trees and both Coniferous and deciduous trees. The humus created from the leaves of all the deciduous variety of trees is a grey-brown topsoil rich in minerals. |
| Deciduous Forest | Located in Southwestern Ontario. Only deciduous trees grow in the region because of the long, hot summers. Most fertile soils in Canada, lots of dark brown humus. |
| West Coast Forest | Vegetation region on the West Coast of BC. Lots of rainfall as well as mild coastal climate help give birth to biggest trees in Canada. There are many lush forest on the West Coast. Soil adapts to heavy rainfall by not being saturated more than a few days |
| Grasslands pt. 1 | AKA the prairies, southern parts of manitoba, alberta and saskatchewan. Limited rainfall, dry climate and high evaporation mean only cactus, drought-resistant grasses, and sagebush grow there. Soils is calcified and too dry for crops to grow. |
| Grasslands pt. 2 | Surrounding the southern parts of the grasslands, there is increased precipitation, leading to tall grasses. As the tall grasses die in the fall, they create rich, black soil which is the richest soil in Canada and produces the best grains. |
| Cordilleran Vegetation | Widely varying vegetation because of varying climates. In some areas there's grasses and cactuses, then there's coniferous forests to areas with no forests. This also means there's a variety of soils present in the area. Vegetation changes with elevation. |
| What is vegetation? | The collection of plant species within a region and the ground cover they provide. |
| What is a soil profile? | A visual way of showing the layers of soil from surface to bedrock by showing the layers as if it is like a slice of cake and the layers are displayed (cross-sectional). |
| Humus: | Organic material which forms in soil after the decay of organic materials such as fallen leaves, animal remains or twigs. |
| Bedrock: | The last layer of the soil profile. It’s a very solid layer of rock which lies beneath all loose material. |
| Where does soil come from? | Soil comes from the weathering of rocks over time, which in turn turns the rocks into tiny particles which further breaks down to form soil. |
| What are plate tectonics? | Plate tectonics are the theory of Earth's outer shell being comprised of several plates which move around over the Earth's mantle. |
| How are igneous rocks formed? What are their characteristics? Examples? | Igneous rocks are formed when hot magma cools down and solidifies. They can be formed below Earth or above Earth via volcanic eruption. They have gas bubbles and glassy surface. Examples: Obsidian, granite. |
| How are sedimentary rocks formed? Characteristics? Examples? | Sedimentary rocks are formed when deposits of pre-existing rocks or pieces of once-living organisms become compacted and cemented. They have sand, pebbles or other sediment and fossils. Sandstone and limestone. |
| How are metamorphic rocks formed? Characteristics? | Metamorphic rocks are formed when sedimentary or igneous rocks are exposed to a combination of high heat and high pressure which changes the form of the rock into a new rock. They have ribbon-like layers and crystals. Examples: Marble, quartzite. |
| What landform features do convergent plate boundaries form? | Convergent: Mountains, volcanoes Subduction zones: ocean trenches, mountains and volcanoes. |
Created by:
akhan2638