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work on these ccjs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 4 types of Informal crime control | - family -religion -school (peers) -media |
| 3 goals of the justice system | - doing justice -controlling crime -preventing crime |
| what is doing justice | to treat someone or something in a way that is fair and shows their or its true qualities |
| offenses categorized | -mala in see -male prohibita |
| consensus model | Agreement of what right and what's wrong |
| conflict model | laws made from the people in power |
| two justice system | Both the national and the state systems of criminal justice enforce laws |
| evidence- based principles | policies developed through guidance from research studies that demonstrate which approaches are most useful and cost effective for advancing desired goals. |
| Criminal Justice System | system-complex whole made up of interdependent (courts, corrections, police) |
| Subsystem | own goals and needs (impacted by each other) |
| what are the four main duties of police | - catch criminals - prevent crime -protect the peace - provide social services |
| adjudication | determine if the defendants is guilty |
| Models of Criminal Justice system | -crime control model (fast model) - Due process model (slow model) |
| what does the crime control model emphasis | Punishment |
| dual court system | A system consisting of a separate judicial system for each state in addition to a national system. Each case is tried in a court of the same jurisdiction as that of the law or laws broken |
| What are the 4 types of characteristics of the Criminal Justice System | 1. discretion 2. resource dependence 3. sequential tasks 4. filtering |
| discretion | The authority to make decisions without reference to specific rules or facts, using instead one’s own judgment |
| Resource Dependence | Criminal justice agencies do not generate their own resources, but depend on other agencies for funding |
| Sequential Tasks | Decisions in the criminal justice system are made in a specific sequence. |
| filtering process | A screening operation; a process by which criminal justice officials screen out some cases while advancing others to the next level of decision making |
| what are 5 out of the 13 steps in the decision- making process | - trial -arraignment - indictment -preliminary hearing -initial appearance |
| arraignment | The accused person appears in court to hear the indictment or information read by a judge and to enter a plea. |
| indictment | vote leads to an [blank], the prosecutor prepares the formal charging document and presents it to the court |
| preliminary hearing | used in about half the states, allows a judge to decide whether there is probable cause to believe that a crime has been committed and that the accused person committed it. |
| Current issues and challenges to law enforcement | -Discrimantion and disparties |
| What is victimology? | the study of the victims of crime and the psychological effects on them of their experience |
| Substantive criminal law | defines which acts are illegal and the punishments for those acts |
| procedural criminal law | the rules that govern how the laws will be enforced -defined by the courts (courts decide how the [blank] goes) |
| elements of a crime | Legislatures define certain acts as crimes when they fulfill the seven principles under specific “attendant circumstances” while the offender is in a certain state of mind. |
| Mens rea | a “Guilty mind,” or blameworthy state of mind |
| Actus rea | the act or omission that comprise the physical elements of a crime as required by statute. |
| justification | focus on whether the individual’s action was socially acceptable under the circumstances despite causing a harm that the criminal law would otherwise seek to preventing |
| inchoate or incomplete offenses | Conduct that is criminal even though the harm that the law seeks to prevent has not been done, but merely planned or attempted |
| The protections of the 4th amendment | protects from unreasonable searches and seizures |
| The protections of the 5th amendment | - 1. self incrimination 2. double jeopardy |
| The protections of the 6th amendment | - right to speedy trial, impartial jury, right to counsel |
| The protections of the 8th amendment | - bans excessive bail, cruel and unusual punishments |
| The protections of the 14th amendment | due process and equal protection -fundamental fairness |
| what is fundamental fairness | A legal doctrine supporting the idea that so long as a state’s conduct maintains basic standards of fairness, the Constitution has not been violated |
| importance of Barron v. Baltimore (1833) | Case deciding that the protections of the Bill of Rights apply only to actions of the federal government |
| importance of Powell v. Alabama (1932) | Case deciding that an attorney must be provided to a poor defendant facing the death penalty. |
| importance of Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) | Case deciding that indigent defendants have a right to counsel when charged with serious crimes for which they could face six or more months of incarceration. |
| problem-oriented policing | Community policing strategy that emphasizes solving problems of disorder in a neighborhood that may contribute to fear of crime and to crime itself. |
| policing | that emphasizes close personal contact between police and citizens and the inclusion of citizens in efforts to solve problems, including vandalism, disorder, youth misbehavior, and crime. |
| what are the 4 main functions of the police | -enforce the law - maintain order -prevent crime -provide services to the community |
| Police subculture | working personality of police -threat of danger -need to establish authority |
Created by:
TeyonaS