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physiology
1-7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A term commonly used as a synonym for action potential is | nerve impulse |
| The speed of a nerve impulses depends on the neurons resting potential | false |
| In depolarization the membrane potential moves toward zero, whereas in hyperpolarization the membrane potential moves away from zero. | true |
| Whether an impulse is continued through the neuron depends on the magnitude of the voltage in the axon hillock. | true |
| The mechanisms that produce and maintain the resting membrane potential do so by producing a | slight excess of positive ions on the outer surface of the plasma membrane |
| The sodium-potassium pump actively pumps three potassium ions out of the neuron and two sodium ions into the neuron | false |
| The difference between sodium and potassium in the generation of action potential is that | sodium causes depolarization of the membrane, and potassium causes repolarization of the cell membrane |
| The difference in electrical charge between the inside and outside of a membrane is called the membrane potential. | true |
| The magnitude of the action potential peaks when the sodium channels close. | true |
| Movement of the membrane potential away from zero (below the usual RMP) is called | hyperpolarization |
| A membrane that exhibits a membrane potential is said to be | polarized |
| In a myelinated fiber, the action potential jumps from one node of Ranvier to the next. | true |
| An ion channel that opens in response to a sensory stimulus is an | stimulus-gated channel |
| The tiny bulge at the end of a terminal branch of a presynaptic neuron's axon is called | synaptic knob |
| When a neuron is resting, the inner surface of its plasma membrane is slightly positive compared with its outer surface | false |
| The active transport mechanism in the plasma membrane that transport sodium and potassium ions in opposite directions and at different rates is the | sodium-potassium pump |
| When a neuron is resting, the inner surface of its plasma membrane is slightly positive compared with its outer surface. | false |
| The membrane potential maintained by a nonconducting neurons plasma membrane is called the ____membrane potential. | resting |
| The brief period during which a local area of an axons membrane resists re-stimulation is called the ___ period. | refractory |
| When neurotransmitters from synaptic knobs stimulate a postsynaptic neuron in rapid succession, their effect can add up over a brief period to produce an action potential. This is called | temporal summation |
| Neurons are the only living cells that maintain a difference in the concentration of ions across their membrane | false |
| What mechanism quickly terminates the action of a neurotransmitter once it binds to its postsynaptic receptor? | All of the above |
| The action potential seems to "leap" from node to node along a myelinated fiber. This type of impulse regeneration is called ___conduction. | saltatory |
| If the threshold potential is surpassed, the full peak of the action potential is always reached. | True |
| There are two types of synapses- the electrical synapse and the __synapse. | chemical |
| A synapse can occur only between an axon and | a cell body, a dendrite, another axon |
| If the magnitude of the local depolarization surpasses a limit called the ____, voltage-gated Na+ channels are stimulated to open. | threshold potential |
| A neurologist is using a voltmeter to measure potential. The membrane potential of a neuron was recorder at +30 mV. This is what type of membrane potential? | Action |
| Which chemicals allow neurons to communicate with one another? | neurotransmitters |
| Which membrane receptor acts to directly change ion permeability when stimulated? | Gated-channel receptors |
| In a myelinated neuron, the impulse can travel under the myelin between nodes of Ranvier. | true |
| The only ion that can diffuse across a neurons membrane when the neuron is at rest is | potassium |
| Serotonin is an example of a | amine neurotransmitter |
| Which of the following statements about amino acid neurotransmitters is incorrect? | They are all inhibitory neurotransmitters |
| Which of the following is not used by the body as a neurotransmitter? | Nitric oxide, acetylcholide, carbon monoxide |
| Stimulus-gated channels open in response to | sensory stimuli |
| compared with the outside of the neuron, the inside has a ___charge | negative |
| When an impulse reaches a synapse | chemical transmitters are released |
| During a relative refractory period | the action potential can be initiated with a strong stimulus |
| Dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine are classified as | catecholamines |
| Neurotransmitters are released in a synapse and bind to | receptors on the postsynaptic neuron |
| A term commonly used as a synonym for action potential is | nerve impulse |
| which is true of an action potential | the outside of the plasma membrane is negatively charged, and the inside is positively charged. |
| Severe depression can be caused by a deficit in a certain brain synapse of | amines |
| The neurotransmitter that inhibits the conduction of pain impulses is | enkephalins |
| A slight shift away from the resting membrane potentials in a specific region of the plasma membrane is called a ___potential | local |
| Within the nervous system, coding for the strength of a stimulus is accomplished through: | the frequency of nerve impulses |
| Which of the following antidepressants acts by blocking the action of monoamine oxidase (MAO)? | phenelzie |
| The fastest nerve fibers in the body can conduct an impulse that is how much faster than the slowest fibers in the body? | almost 300 times faster |
Created by:
mornelas22