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Chem: chapter 11

This is a review over chapter 11 in the Person Chemistry textbook

QuestionAnswer
How does one read the arrow in a chemical equation? Yields, gives, or reacts to produce
Chemical equation A representation of a chemical reaction; the formulas of the reactants are connected by an arrow with the formulas of the products.
Skeleton equation A chemical equation that does not indicate the relative amounts of the reactants and products.
Catalyst a substance that speeds up the reaction but is not used up in the reaction.
Coefficients Small whole numbers that are placed in front of the formulas in an equation in order to balance it.
balanced equation A chemical reaction in which each side of the equation has the same number of atoms of each element and mass is conserved.
Combination reaction A chemical change in which two or more substances react to form a single new substance. R + S ➡RS
Example of combination reaction: 2Mg + O_2 ➡2MgO(s)
Decomposition reaction A chemical change in which a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler products. RS ➡R + S
Example of a decomposition reaction: 2HgO(s) ➡2Na(s) + 3N_2(g)
Single-replacement reaction a chemical change in which one element takes the place of a second element in a compound T + RS ➡ TS +R
Example of a Single-replacement reaction: 2k(s) +2H_2O(l) ➡ 2KOH(aq) +H_2(g)
Activity series A chart listing metals in order of decreasing reactivity
Double-replacement reaction: a chemical change involving an exchange of positive ions between two compounds (like the dance in Tangled) RS + TU ➡RU +TS
For double replacement reactions to occur, one of the following must be true: 1.One of the products is only slightly soluble and precipitates from solution; 2. One of the products is a gas; 3. One product is a molecular compound (such as water)
Example of a Double-replacement reaction: Na_S(aq) + Cd(NO_3)_2(aq)➡CdS(s) + 2NaNO_3
Combustion reaction A chemical change in which an element or a compound reacts with oxygen often producing energy in the form of heat or light.
Example of a Combustion reaction: 2C_8H_18(l) +16CO_2(g) ➡16CO_2(g) +18H_2O
Complete ionic equation an equation that shows dissolved ionic compounds as dissociated free ions.
Spectator ion An ion that appears on both sides of an equation and is not directly involved in the reaction
Net ionic equation an equation for a reaction in solution that shows on ly those particles that are directly involved in a chemical change
Created by: hihello2007
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