Clear and present danger doctrine

judicial interpretation of Amendment 1 that government may not ban speech unless such speech poses an imminent threat to society

segregation “by fact,” i.e., segregation that results from such factors as housing patterns rather than law

being prosecuted twice for the same offense. Banned by Amendment 5.

prohibits the national government (5th Amendment) and states (14th Amendment) from denying life, liberty or property without due process of law

Equal protection clause

14th Amendment clause that prohibits states from denying equal protection under the law, and has been used to combat discrimination

the right of government to take private property for the public good. Fair compensation must be paid to the owner of such property

provision of Amendment 1 that prohibits Congress from establishing an official state religion. This is the basis for separation of church and state.

Supreme Court guideline that excludes the use of illegally obtained evidence in a criminal trial.

provision of Amendment 1 stating that Congress may not prohibit the free exercise of religion

Southern laws that excluded blacks from exercising suffrage by restricting the right to vote only to those whose grandfathers had voted before 1865

determines whether or not to bring criminal charges against a suspect.

applying the Bill of Rights to the states.

grand jury order that a suspect must stand trial for a criminal offense.

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AP Gov Unit 5 Vocab

Term	Definition
Civil liberties	personal freedoms, e.g., speech, assembly, religion
Civil Rights	protections against discrimination
Clear and present danger doctrine	judicial interpretation of Amendment 1 that government may not ban speech unless such speech poses an imminent threat to society
de facto segregation	segregation “by fact,” i.e., segregation that results from such factors as housing patterns rather than law
Double Jeopardy	being prosecuted twice for the same offense. Banned by Amendment 5.
Due Process clause	prohibits the national government (5th Amendment) and states (14th Amendment) from denying life, liberty or property without due process of law
Equal protection clause	14th Amendment clause that prohibits states from denying equal protection under the law, and has been used to combat discrimination
Eminent domain	the right of government to take private property for the public good. Fair compensation must be paid to the owner of such property
Establishment clause	provision of Amendment 1 that prohibits Congress from establishing an official state religion. This is the basis for separation of church and state.
Exclusionary rule	Supreme Court guideline that excludes the use of illegally obtained evidence in a criminal trial.
Free exercise clause	provision of Amendment 1 stating that Congress may not prohibit the free exercise of religion
Grandfather clause	Southern laws that excluded blacks from exercising suffrage by restricting the right to vote only to those whose grandfathers had voted before 1865
Grand Jury	determines whether or not to bring criminal charges against a suspect.
Incorporation	applying the Bill of Rights to the states.
Indictment	grand jury order that a suspect must stand trial for a criminal offense.

Created by: mayorgac

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