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Purposive Com
yamete
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| capacity of thinking | Brain |
| what are under critical thinking? | 1. Freedom 2. Analyzation 3. Memorization 4. Synthesizing |
| capacity to choose | freedom |
| highest level of thinking | analyzation |
| lowest level of thinking | memorization |
| it means evaluating | synthesizing |
| 4 types of communicative competence: | 1. linguistic competence 2. socio-linguistic competence 3. discourse competence 4. strategic competence |
| 8 parts of speech: | 1. verb 2. noun 3. adjective 4. adverb 5. pronoun 6. conjunction 7. preposition 8. interjection |
| ability to create grammatically correct utterances | linguistic competence |
| ability to produce coherent and cohesive utterances | discourse competence |
| ability to create socio-linguistically appropriate utterances | socio-linguistic competence |
| ability to solve communication problems | strategic competence |
| people and goods moves easily across borders | globalization |
| as more people cross borders because of globalization, more language contact happens, making communication more ______ | challenging |
| positive effects of globalization | 1. led many people out of poverty 2. increased partnerships across countries |
| leads to the extinction of other languages | globalizations |
| going to push out indigenous ones | imported culture |
| what are effects of language loss on cultures? | 1. dismay 2. anti-social behavior 3. loss of self-esteem |
| How to become an effective global communicator? (Krizan) | 1. review communication principles 2. analyze message received 3. be open to accepting other culture 4. learn about culture 5. consider language needs |
| degree of formality in any given oral or written discourse | language registers |
| activity of reciprocal transmission of thoughts | exchanging |
| communication is the process or act of transmitting a message from sender to receiver | linear perspective |
| communication is the activity of conveying information through the exchange of thoughts, messages or information | interactive perspective |
| communication is derived from the the latin word "communis" which means common. Unless a common understanding results from the exchange, there is no communication | etymological perspective |
| communis means? | common |
| communication uses symbols to represent things, processes, ideas or events. | symbolic perspective |
| communication is any sign-mediated interaction | pragmatic perspective |
| what are the 5 elements of communication according to Shannon-Weaver Model? | 1. source 2. transmitter 3. channel 4. receiver 5. destination |
| hears or listens to whatever kind of message is sent | receiver |
| origin of the message | sender |
| medium, means of sending information | channel |
| substance of any communication flow | messages |
| words used by sender of speech | verbal messages |
| use of paralinguistic features (movements, gestures, and facial expressions) | non-verbal messages |
| messages are technologically send to large number of people | mass media |
| anything that blocks or interferes wit hthe communication process | noise |
| interference from external source | physical noise |
| disturbances in the mind, attitudes, assumptions | psychological noise |
| deals with one's health or body | physiological noise |
| noise connected with use of words or language | semantic noise |
| what are the barriers that can affect an individual's communicative interaction? | 1. physical noise 2. psychological noise 3. physiological noise 4. semantic noise |
| exchange of information, ideas and opinions through sounds and words | verbal communication |
| 3 types of verbal communication: | 1. public 2. interpersonal 3. small group communication |
| what type of communication are print and non-print ads? | non-verbal communication |
| key to humaness | communication |
| give the meaning or P-U-R-P-O-S-E | Purpose understanding reaction participation opinions sympathy education |
| to communicate means to care. expression of showing support | sympathy |
| the heart of communication | understanding |
| way to show various dialogues, discussions and talks | participation |
| who made the communication theory? | west and turner |
| focuses on self and its relationship to society | symbolic interaction theory |
| uncertainties occur among strangers in an interpersonal setting | uncertainty reduction theory |
| members develop a sense of organizational reality | organizational culture theory |
| level of consumers' need for gratification | uses and gratification theory |
| belief in the fundamental precept the culture pervades and invades all facets of human behavior | cultural studies |
| media diminance over subordinate groups | power strata |
| conflicts arise if individuals fail to manage self-identity | face negotiation theory |
| communication is not just a phenomenon but also a _______ | process |
| who made the transaction model of communication? | Barnlund |
| emphasizes the continuous flow of communicative interaction through sending and receiving messages | Transactional Model of Communication |
| refers to principles of conduct governing an individual or group; how you should act around people | ethics |
| what are the ethical factors significant in the discussion of communication ethics? | 1. building an information network 2. engaging and participating 3. speaking with a heart 4. condemning discrimination 5. respecting and understanding each other |
| who defined globalization as establishment and intensification of interdependence among nations | Thomas Friedman |
| is globalization a 21st century phenomenon? | no |
| imposition by a politically or economically dominant community of various aspects of its culture | cultural imperialism |
| it has become one of the primary instruments of colonization | cultural imperialism |
| colonizers believing that their own way of life is superior to the dominated culture | cultural imperialism |
| less powerful societies continuously adapt the importation of hardware to improve their own mass media | electronic colonialism |
| deemed as the language of the colonizers | English |
| default language to use between people of different mother tongues | english |
| "common language" used as medium of communication | lingua franca |
| who made the paradigm of World Englishes? | Braj Kachru |
| what are the parts of world englishes? | 1. inner circle 2. outer circle 3. expanding circle |
| english is their first language | inner circle |
| english is their second language | outer circle |
| english has become nativized | outer and expanding circles |
| found in these varieties of english are bound by geography and marked by differences in pronounciation, vocabulary, spelling, accent and grammar | dialectical variations |
| multilingual paradise | philippines |
| the need to unify people through a national language was addressed by the creation of | surian ng wikang pambansa |
| employs formal english language | acrolect (upper class) |
| has slight differences from standard english | mesolect ( middle class ) |
| heavily affected by their first language | basilect (lower class) |
| what is the communicative goal? | mutual intelligibility |
| membership in a community or group that shares a common history, traditions, norms and imaginings | culture |
| do one thing at a time, take commitments seriously, show great respect for privacy | monochromic cultures |
| engage in multitasking, lend or borrow things easily | polychronic cultures |
| emphasize in community, collaborations, shared interest, harmony | collectivist cultures |
| personal rights and responsibilities, privacy, voicing one's opinion | individualistic cultures |
| employ indirect communication strategies | high context cultures |
| messages are directly and clearly encoded | low context cultures |
| the use of touch in communication | haptics |
| touching is encourages | high contact cultures |
| social touching is rare, even avoided | low contact cultures |
| tendency or disposition to judge other people's culture with disfavor to consider one's own as being superior to other | ethnocentrism |
| practices prescribed by a particular society as being improper or unacceptable | cultural taboos |
| amount of space between speakers | personal space |
| it is embedded in the culture | language |
| rely on texts and images to convey meaning | advertisements |
| an object, work or image that refers to material that is signified. Physical existence | signifier |
| concept which the signifier refers to. Mental concept | signified |
| refers to an understanding that cultures vary | cultural sensitivity |
| behavior, verbal or non-verbal, are unintentionally violated | faux pas |
| also known as tenor, tone or style; variety of language used by speakers | register |
| who made the Five Clocks? | Martin Joos |
| use of language rarely or never changes | static or frozen |
| used in formal and impersonal settings | formal register |
| language used in professional discourse | consultative registers |
| used in informal settings with friends or engaging in small talks | casual registers |
| language used in private conversations | intimate register |
| refers to time and place | setting and scene |
| relationship between the speaker and his audience | participants |
| form and order of event | acts sequence |
| cues, manner or spirit of the speech act | cues |
| kind of speech act or event | genre |
| ability to use appropriate language and tone in discourse | communicative competence |
| use of idiomatic expressions | informal language |
| use of longer sentences and more formal vocabulary | formal language |
| principle that governs all forms of communications | politeness |
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22112132