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srasharp2finalgram
Sra. Sharp Spanish 2 final grammar
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why do we call verbs that end in "se" in the infinitive "reflexive verbs"? | The action reflects to the subject or to oneself.ej. I bathe myself. |
| Why is are reflexive verbs common with daily routines? | Because we do a lot of stuff to ourselves to get ready for the day? |
| What are the reflexive pronouns? | me, te, se, nos and seThey agree with the subject of a phrase. |
| How do I normally conjugate a reflexive verb? | Put the correct reflexive pronoun before the verb and conjugate it to agree with the subject and to reflect the proper tense. |
| Where else can I put a reflexive pronoun if my verb phrase has an infinitive or present participle? | After and attached to the infinitive or participle. BUT USE AN ACCENT AS WELL. |
| How do I form the present progressive? | Form of estar + present participle (-ando/-iendo)ej.: Estoy hablando. |
| How do I form a present participle (gerund)? | for -ar verbs, end the verb with -andofor -er/-ir verbs, end the verb with -iendofor verbs stems ending in a vowel, end with -yendo (ej. leyendo, destruyendo, etc.) |
| What are the present tense forms of estar? | yo estoytú estásél/ ella/ Ud. estánosotros/as estamosellos/ellas/Uds. están |
| What reflexive verb means "to feel?" | Sentirse (e:ie)me siento, te sientes, se siente, nos sentimos, se sienten |
| Regular -ar preterite endings | é, aste, ó, amos, aron |
| Regular -er/-ir preterite endings | í, iste, ió, imos, ieron |
| What happens in the yo form preterite when a verb ends in -car? | The ending is -qué. |
| What happens in the yo form preterite when a verb ends in -gar? | The ending is -gué. |
| What happens in the yo form preterite when a verb ends in -zar? | The ending is -cé. |
| What happens to the preterite endings when an -er or -ir verb stem ends in a vowel? | You must add accent marks to the tú and nosotros endings and exchange the I in the third person with a Y. (leer: leí, leíste, leyó, leímos, leyeron) |
| Do -ar stem-changers stem change in the preterite? | NO. |
| Do -er stem-changers stem change in the preterite? | NO |
| Do -ir stem-changers stem change in the preterite? | YES...BUT only in the 3rd person (it makes a sandal) and E:I and O:U. |
| Give the preterite forms of VESTIRSE. | me vestí, te vestiste, se vistió, nos vestimos, se vistieron(it is a stem-changer) |
| Preterite forms of PREFERIR. | preferí, preferiste, prefirió, preferimos, prefirieron (stem-changer) |
| Preterite forms of PEDIR | pedí, pediste, pidió, pedimos, pidieron |
| Preterite forms of LLEGAR | llegué, llegaste, llegó, llegamos, llegaron (-GAR spelling change) |
| List the seasons. | el inviernola primaverael otoñoel invierno |
| List the months. | meses= monthsenero, febrero, marzo, abril, mayo, junio, julio, agosto, septiembre, octubre, noviembre, diciembre |
| el tiempo: How do we ask about it? | ¿Qué tiempo hace? |
| List weather conditions. | Hace sol.Hace frío.Hace calor.Hace fresco.Hace viento.Hace buen / mal tiempo.Llueve.Nieva.Está nublado.(Add "mucho" to express "very.") |
| List irregular forms of ser and ir. | fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, fueron |
| List irregular forms of dar. | di, diste, dio, dimos, dieron |
| List irregular forms of ver. | vi, viste, vio, vimos, vieron |
| Preterite of HAY | hubo |
| Preterite of poder | pude, pudiste, pudo, pudimos, pudieron |
| preterite of tener | tuve, tuviste, tuvo, tuvimos, tuvieron |
| preterite of venir | vine, viniste, vino, vinimos, vinieron |
| preterite of decir | dije, dijiste, dijo, dijimos, dijeron |
| preterite of poner | puse, pusiste, puso, pusimos, pusieron |
| preterite of saber | supe, supiste, supo, supimos, supieron |
| preterite of estar | estuve, estuviste, estuvo, estuvimos, estuvieron |
| preterite of querer | quise, quisiste, quiso, quisimos, quisieron |
| preterite of hacer | hice, hiciste, hizo, hicimos, hicieron |
| preterite of traer | traje, trajiste, trajo, trajimos, trajeron |
| preterite of conducir | conduje, condujiste, condujo, condujimos, condujeron |
| preterite of traducir | traduje, tradujiste, tradujo, tradujimos, tradujeron |
| preterite of producir | produje, produciste, produjo, produjimos, produjeron |
| to like | me,te,le,nos,les +gusta/n (gustó/aron |
| to bore | me,te,le,nos,les + aburre/n (aburrió/ieron) |
| to like very much, to love inanimate objects | me,te,le,nos,les + encanta/n (encantó/aron) |
| to lack, to need | me,te,le,nos,les + falta/n (faltó/aron) |
| to fascinate, to like very much | me,te,le,nos,les + fascina/n (fascinó/aron) |
| to be important to, to matter | me,te,le,nos,les + importa/n (importó/aron) |
| to be interesting to, to interest | me,te,le,nos,les + interesa/n (interesó/aron) |
| to bother, to annoy | me,te,le,nos, les + molesta/n (molestó/aron) |
| to be left over, to fit | me,te,le,nos,les +queda/n (quedó/aron) |
| How do I clarify or emphasize a verb like GUSTAR? | A + mí, ti, él, ella, Ud., nosotros/as, ellos, ellas, Uds., name(s) before the indirect object pronoun |
| When should I use ESTAR? | PLACEposition, location, action, condition, emotion |
| When should I use SER? | DOCTORdescription, occupation, characteristic, time, origin, relationship |
| What is a direct object? | It receives the action of a verb. |
| What does a direct object pronoun do? | It replaces the direct object noun. |
| List the direct object pronouns. | me, te, lo, la, nos, los, las |
| What is an indirect object? | It benefits or is affected by the action of the verb. |
| What does an indirect object pronoun do? | It replaces teh indirect object noun. |
| List the indirect object pronouns. | me, te, le (se), nos, les (se) |
| What does this sentence mean: Get RID of IGA before the TELETUBBIES attack the AAA. | RID= order of multiple pronouns in a sentence (reflexive indirect direct) IGA=when a pronoun can be attached to the back (infinitive, gerund/-ando,-iendo), affirmative command TELETUBBIES= LE and LES become SE before LO,LA,LOS and LAS AAA=after? accent! |
| How do you say what you are going to do? | Use ir a + infinitive (ej. Voy a estudiar.) |
| bed | cama |
| single, double room | la habitación individual, doble |
| floor ( of a building) | el piso |
| ground floor | la planta baja |
| countryside | el campo |
| landscape | el paisaje |
| luggage | el equipaje |
| bus, subway, train station | la estación de autobuses, del metro, de tren |
| arrival | llegada |
| (round-trip) ticket | el pasaje (de ida y vuelta) |
| departure, exit | la salida |
| to camp | acampar |
| to be on vacation | estar de vacaciones |
| to pack (one's suitcases) | hacer las maletas |
| to take a trip | hacer un viaje |
| to go shopping | ir de compras |
| to go on vacation | ir de vacaciones |
| to go by bus, car, motorcycle, taxi | ir en autobús, automóvil, motocicleta, taxi |
| travel agent | la agente de viajes |
| passport | el pasaporte |
| to confirm a reservation | confirmar una reservación |
| elevator | el ascensor |
| bellboy | el botones |
| guest | el/la huésped |
| key | la llave |
| to take photos | sacar fotos |
| the plane | el avión |
| the customs officer | el/la inspector/a de aduanas |
| to fish | pescar |
| to ride a horse | montar a caballo |
| to go on a boatride | ir en barco |
| the sea | el mar |
| to play cards | jugar a las cartas |
| the beach | la playa |
| first | primer/primero/a |
| second | segundo/a |
| third | tercer/ tercero/a |
| fourth | cuarto/a |
| fifth | quinto/a |
| sixth | sexto/a |
| seventh | séptimo/a |
| eighth | octavo/a |
| ninth | noveno/a |
| tenth | décimo/a |
Created by:
profesorasharp
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