Help
Options
Question
What is philosophy? Where does the term come from?
click to flip
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't know
Question
How is philosophy different from all other academic disciplines? Explain.
Remaining cards (43)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
philosophy mid-term
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is philosophy? Where does the term come from? | the study of ultimacy through reason and the word comes from the Greek words Philos and Sophia. |
| How is philosophy different from all other academic disciplines? Explain. | Philosophy deals with the first principles of knowledge. While other academic disciplines deal with the question of what, for example what is gravity. Philosophy deals with the question of why, so we would ask why is gravity. |
| What is antiquity? | A period of history that runs from the 6th century b.c to approximately the 3rd century a.d |
| What is mythos? | A mythical account. A myth is a story that has a purpose of explaining the unexplainable. |
| What is logos? | A rational account. Has the use of argument |
| What is doxa? | opinions or belief, uncertain |
| What is episteme? | Knowledge and is certain, follows predict of certainty. |
| What is rhetoric? | The art of persuasion. |
| What is dialectic? Explain each of these terms in detail. | The concern with content rather than appeal. |
| Why is there a critical transition in antiquity? Be specific and detailed in your response. | Rhetoric vs dialect, Doxa vs Episteme, Mythos vs logos. One is inadequate and the other is rigorous or higher in quality. this marks the birth of the western intellectual tradition. |
| Who are the three giants of antiquity? Where is each of them from? | Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. Socrates and Plate are from Athens and Aristotle is from Stagira. |
| What is an argument? | A series of declarative statements that leads to a conclusion. |
| What is the basic principle of logic? Does it apply only to philosophy or other academic disciplines as well? Explain | The principle of non-contradiction. contradictions are opposite claims of the world. This applies to all disciplines because a contradiction is a logical absurdity and all disciplines have to follow that rule. |
| What is ultimacy? | The study of ultimate or fundamental questions regarding human existence. this only applies to humans. |
| Are the sciences concerned with ultimacy? Explain. | No because it only applies to philosophy. this is true because philosophy is the only discipline that focuses and studies the question of ultimacy. |
| What is an intrinsic value? | something we value for its own sake |
| What is an instrumental value? | Something we value as a means to obtain something else. |
| Are the only intrinsic value and pleasure the same? | The only intrinsic value is happiness, so no, happiness and pleasure are not the same. pleasure is the condition of the senses, happiness is superior in quality. |
| Explain your position in detail. Are evil people capable of the only intrinsic value? Explain. | No, because happiness is the highest good and you can only obtain happiness by doing things that are good. |
| What does he mean when he says “All human action aims at some good”? Explain | humans aim at what we perceive as good, we miss the target or sometimes don't know where the target is at. Humans have a perception problem. |
| What is the central question of the Euthyphro? | What is piety? |
| How does Euthyphro respond? | piety is treating everyone the same, which means applying the same moral standards to everyone. |
| What is Socrates’ objections to both those responses? | Socrates was given an example of piety and not a definition of piety and even the gods themselves are even in conflict. |
| What is divine command theory? | An action is moral because God said so. |
| What is a central weakness with divine command theory? Explain | The problem is that it's tyrannical which is saying that authority is equal to correctness. |
| What are the three charges in the “Apology”? | 1. Corrupting the youth of Athens (Socrates is provoking the youth curiosity, which makes them question the status quo), 2.Not acknowledging the Gods of Athens, 3. Atheism. |
| How does Socrates answer the charges? Explain in detail | Socrates says that I don't corrupt the youth rather I improve the youth, I have received no payment for my doings... |
| What does he say about the fear of death? | Socrates says that death is a change of location or an eternal sleep and he does not fear those things which means he does not fear death. He does fear living the way others live, living the unexamined life. |
| What does he mean by an “examined life”? | |
| Who is the principle accuser? | Meletus |
| What does he mean when he says “it is the laws which improve the youth not you, Socrates?” Is he correct? Why or why not? | Meletus is wrong because good people don't need laws, good people want to do good things they are not willing to do good. |
| What are the three major problems of metaphysics? Explain each in detail. | Immortality of the soul, existence of God, and the question of human freedom. |
| What is a definition of the word “God”? | The one supreme being, creator and ruler of the universe, thought to control some aspect of reality, believed in and worshiped by people, subject to rituals and/or observances. |
| What attributes does God have in most major theistic traditions? | Omniscient, omnipotence, and omnibenevolence. |
| What are the major positions regarding belief/disbelief in God? | The existence of evil is the problem. |
| What is devotional atheism? | Refusal to worship God |
| What is deism? | One where God creates the universe and then has no further interaction with the universe. |
| What is the problem of evil? Explain in detail. | there is a logical contribution between God's attributes and the existence of evil. |
| What are the two major categories of evil? | Moral evil and natural evil |
| What is the most simplistic atheistic answer to the problem of evil? | There is evil because there is no God. |
| What are the three classical argument for the existence of God? Explain each in detail. | the cosmological argument, the design argument, and the argument from religious experience. |
| What is one objection/weakness of each? What is a theodicy? | |
| Where does the word “Apology” come from? | Comes from the Greek word "apologia" which means the defense . |
| Branches of philosophy | ethics: human correctness, Aesthetic: what is beauty, philosophical anthrapology: what is the human being, epistemology: what is the boundarees for human knowledge, political philosophy: what is the just society?, metaphysics: what is the ultimate nature |
Created by:
JoshB2023