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Chapter 11

QuestionAnswer
1. What is contained within the epidural space in the vertebral column? loose connective tissue, blood vessels, and adipose tissue. Page 397
2. What is found within the dural sinuses? venous blood. Page 397
3. Which statement describes cerebrospinal fluid? It maintains a stable ionic concentration in the brain and spinal cord. Clear and watery. Page 397
4. The cerebral aqueduct contains CSF flowing from the__________ to the__________. the third ventricle to the fourth ventricle. Page 399
5. Cerebrospinal fluid reenters the blood via__________. arachnoid granulations. Page 402
6. What is the correct order for the components of a reflex arc? Receptor --> Central Nervous System --> Effector (Muscle or Gland) Page 418
7. What is the role of reciprocal innervation during a withdrawal reflex response? To inhibit ipsilateral extensors. Page 421
8. The spinothalamic tract conducts impulses__________. From the spinal cord up to the thalamus. Page 422
9. Which is a descending tract in the spinal cord? Rubrospinal tract Page 423
10. Impulses conducted along the corticospinal tracts are_________ in nature and control__________. motor; voluntary muscle movements Table 11.7
11. What is the cauda equina? Bundle of nervous tissue that extends beyond tip of spinal cord PP 91
12. What is the significance of the cervical enlargement of the spinal cord? Supplies nerves to upper limbs. PP 53
13. What part of the brain coordinates voluntary muscular movements? Cerebellum PP 22
14. The activity of the__________ determines the degree of arousal or wakefulness of the cerebral cortex. Reticular Formation PP43
15. Where is the primary motor area of the brain located? Frontal lobes; Precentral gyri Page 407 PP 28
16. What is a function of the association areas of the frontal lobes? Higher intellectual processes, including planning and problem solving Page 406 PP 30
17. Which of the following is part of the basal nuclei? 1. Caudate 2. Putamen 3. Globus pallidus Page 409 PP 33
18. The visual and auditory reflex centers of the midbrain are found within what structures? Occipital Lobe and Temporal Lobe. Page 405 PP 24
19. What is one of the many functions of the hypothalamus? 1. Heart Rate 2. Blood Pressure 3. Body Temperature 4. Water and electrolyte balance 5. Hunger Page 410 PP 37
20. For most people, the dominant cerebral hemisphere is their__________ hemisphere. Left Page 408 PP 31
21. What type of sleep is dreamless and associated with decreased blood pressure and respiratory rate? Non-rapid Eye Movement (Non-REM) Sleep Page 413 PP 45
23. What is the effect of sensory nerve fibers crossing over? The right cerebral hemisphere receives sensory impulses originating on the left side of the body and vice versa. Page 410
24. What is the function of the basal ganglia? Initiate and manage gross skeletal muscle movement control Table 11.5
25. What part of the brain assigns value to a memory? amygdala Page 409
26. The phrenic nerve arise from what nerve plexus? Anterior branches of the cervical plexuses Page 431
27. Nerve fibers of the somatic nervous system serve the__________, and nerve fibers of the autonomic nervous system serve the__________. CNS to the skin and skeletal muscles. CNS to viscera such as the heart, stomach, intestine, & Glands . Pages 423 & 424
28. Which of these fibers types are typically adrenergic? Norepinephrine Page 442
29. What is contained in the dorsal root ganglia? Cell bodies of the sensory neurons whose axon conduct impulses. Page 430
30. Which cranial nerves are primarily motor nerves innervating the muscles that move the eyes? Oculomotor nerves (CN III), trochlear nerves (CN IV), and abducens nerves (VI) Page 431
31. Which cranial nerves are comprised of only sensory fibers? I Olfactory, II Optic, VIII Vestibulocochlear, Vestibular branch, Cochlear branch. Page 431 Table 11.9
32. What type of brain waves are prevalent during sleep? Delta waves Page 416
33. The__________ of the brain controls emotional responses and emotional expression in response to stimuli. limbic system Page 409
34. The plexuses of the peripheral nervous system are formed by the__________ of spinal nerves. Anterior Rami Page 431
35. Functionally, the adrenal medulla has the same effects on the body as the__________ nervous system. Sympathetic Page 435
36. What comprises the central nervous system (CNS)? Brain, spinal cord Page 427 Table 11.8
37. Describe the appearance of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Clear, watery fluid Page 395
38. Where is the fourth ventricle located? In the brainstem just anterior to the cerebellum Page 400
39. What is found within the gray matter of the spinal cord? Interneurons Page 417
40. The gray matter of the spinal cord is divided into areas called__________. horns Page 417
41. In the spinal cord,__________ matter is surrounded by__________ matter. Gray; White Page 417
42. A(n)__________ is the simplest nerve pathway from a sensory receptor to an effector. Reflex arc Page 418
43. Where is the third ventricle located? Within the diencephalon Page 400
44. The__________ is suspended from the hypothalamus via an infundibulum. Pituitary gland. Page 409
45. The surface of the cerebrum is marked by grooves called__________ that separate ridges called__________. Sulcus, gyri. Page 403
46. The__________ includes the thalamus and hypothalamus. Diencephalon. Page 409
47. The__________ is located between the cerebrum and the cerebellum. transverse fissure Page 414
48. What structure separates the two cerebral hemispheres? Falx cerebri Page 403
49. What functional area is located in the postcentral gyrus? Somatosensory cortex Page 405
50. What type of fibers are found in spinal nerves? Both motor and sensory neurons. Page 430
22a. Basal Nuclei Controls muscle activity and posture; largely inhibits unintentional movement when at rest
22b. Limbic System neural system located below the cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions and drives
22c. Cerebral Cortex The intricate fabric of interconnected neural cells covering the cerebral hemispheres; the body's ultimate control and information-processing center.
22d. Hemisphere Dominance Dominant hemisphere: language and math Nondominant hemisphere: emotional tone of language Communication via corpus callosum
Jamie Garrison Chapter 11Updated
51. What is a dermatome- Region of skin innervated by a single spinal nerve.
 



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