Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Cell Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A _____________ cell contains a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane enclosed organelles. | eukaryotic |
| A(n) ____________ allows some substances to move freely into and out of a cell by simple diffusion while it will always exclude some substances from crossing. | selectively permeable membrane |
| Molecules sometimes move across a plasma membrane by passing through channel proteins or with the help of transport proteins. If no energy is used by the cell during this process, the process is called... | facilitated diffusion |
| Osmosis is a form of ... | simple diffusion |
| Small, noncellular infectious agents that are only capable of reproducing when inside a living cell are called ... | viruses |
| The _____ is a phospholipid bilayer that separates the internal components of a living cell from the cell's external environment. | plasma membrane |
| Since both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain ribosomes, boy type of cells are able to manufacture ... | proteins |
| The plasma membrane is mainly composed of ... | a double layer of phospholipids with the hydrophobic tails facing each other on the inside and the hydrophilic heads facing the external and internal environments. |
| What is the role of the Golgi apparatus? | Chemically tagging and packaging proteins. |
| What is the role of the chloroplast? | Photosynthesis |
| When energy is used to move molecules across a plasma membrane, _____ has occured. | active transport |
| Which cellular structure is primarily responsible for water and solute storage but sometimes also stores cellular waste products? | large central vacuole |
| Which cellular structure is responsible for the localized storage of chromosomal DNA? | nucleus |
| What are the nucleotide building blocks for DNA? | adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cystocine (C) |
| What are the cell structures typically found in plant cells but not found in animal cells? | cell wall, chloroplasts, and large central vacuole |
| What cell structure can be found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes? | cytoplasm, plasma membrane, ribosomes |
| What are the 2 main parts of cell theory? | Every living organism is composed of one or more cells, and all cells living today came from a preexisting cell. |
| What structure is primarily responsible for enzymatic breakdown of large molecules in the cell? | lysosome |
| What structure is the location of cellular respiration, which produces ATP for the cell? | mitochondrion |
| _____ is a pumped-up version of endocytosis where large macromolecules, or even entire microscopic organisms, are engulfed and "eaten" by another cell. | phagocytosis |
| Which of the following can most easily cross a plasma membrane? *sugar *H20 *K+ Ca+ | H20 - water is polar but small and with a neutral net charge, thus it can diffuse across the membrane. |
| What are the qualities of active transport? | requires energy, moves material from low concentration to high concentration, always requires a transport protein |
| What are the qualities of passive transport? | doesn't require energy, moves material from a high concentration to low concentration, can occur in the absence of transport proteins |
| What molecules cannot easily cross the plasma membrane without a transport protein? | Na+, K+, Ca+ Amino Acids |
| What are the basic units of all living organisms? | Cells |
| _________ states that all living things are composed of one or more cells and that all cells living today came from preexisting cell. | Cell Theory |
| _________ states that all living organisms reproduce; take in energy from their environment; sense & respond to their environment; exhibit homeostasis; and can evolve as groups. | Cell theory |
| What is made up of DNA and is a cell's complete genetic information? | Genome |
| What are the 4 necessary ingredients of the genome? | adenin (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cystosine (C) |
| What is a small infectious agent that can replicate only inside a living cell? | A virus |
| What is the plasma membrane formed by? | Phospholipid bilayer |
| When the phospholipid bilayer forms a sphere, it is called _____ | A liposome |
| What helps make the plasma membrane selectively permeable? | Transport proteins. |
| What is the passive transport of a substance from a region where there is higher concentration to a region where there is lower concentration? | Diffusion |
| Water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide usually enter and leave cells by ______ | simple diffusion |
| What requires transport proteins? | Facilitated diffusion. |
| Osmosis can be simply explained how? | Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane. This is how cells actively balance their water content. |
| What solution gains water in a cell? | Hypotonic solution |
| What solution loses water in a cell? | Hypertonic solution |
| What solution has no net movement in water? | Isotonic solution |
| Vesicles export materials by ______... | Exocytosis |
| Vesicles import materials by _____... | Endocystosis |
| What is endocytosis in which large particles are ingested? | Phagocytosis |
| What is endocytosis involving the capture of fluids? | Pinocytosis |
| What is a single-celled organism that does not have a nucleus or complex internal compartments called? | Prokaryotes |
| What are the membrane-enclosed compartments that concentrate and organize cellular chemical reactions? | Organelles |
| What theory states that eukaryotes evolved from simple prokaryotes? | Endosymbiotic theory |
| The _____ is the control center of the eukaryotic cell and contains DNA. | The nucleus |
| What is the nucleus bound by? | The nuclear envelope |
| What allows communication between the nucleus and the cell interior? | Nuclear pores |
| Lipids are made in the _____. | Smooth ER |
| What are proteins manufactured by in the rough ER? | Ribosomes |
| What receives proteins and lipids, sorts them, and directs their final destination? | The Golgi apparatus |
| What breaks down biomolecules such as proteins into simpler compounds that can be used by the cell? | Lysosomes |
| What stores water and lends physical support to plant cells? | Vacuoles |
| What produces chemical energy for eukaryotic cells in the form of ATP? | Mitochondria |
| What harnesses the energy of sunlight to make sugars through photosynthesis? | Chloroplasts |
| Eukaryotic cells depend on the _____ for structural support and for the ability to move and change shape. Plants, fungi, and some protists also have a cell wall that provides structural suppor.t | Cytoskeleton |
| What is the first step in the scientific theory? | Observe and ask questions about the natural world |
| What step in the scientific theory suggests a hypothesis to explain your observations and questions? | Hypothesis |
| What step in the scientific method will you generate predictions to test your hypothesis? | Predictions |
| After predictions in the scientific theory, you will ... | Design tests by observing or measuring or by running experiments. |
| According to the scientific theory, what do you do after you design tests? | You analyze the results. |
| What is a multi-step sequence of chemical reactions? | metabolic pathways |
| What extracts usable energy from sugar molecules? | Cellular respiration |
| What is found in all cells and is the energy carrier used to do cellular work? | ATP |
| _____ means that two or more ap | |
| What is also called the Calvin cycle or carbon fixations? | light-independent reactions |
| What speeds up reactions that would otherwise occur much more slowly? | Enzymes |
| What is the most common energy-carrying molecule in all organisms called? | ATP |
| What is the major product of photosynthesis? | Glucose |
| What type of research is intended to expand the fundamental knowledge base of science? | Basic research |
| What type of research seeks to use knowledge gained from basic research to address human issues and concerns ?- may involve developing commercial applications | Applied research |
| What means that two or more aspects of the natural world behave in an interrelated manner? | Correlation |
| What means that a change in one aspect causes a change in another? | Causation |
Created by:
Ziigwanikwe