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Ionic Compounds
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| cation | lose electrons, positive, metals, comes first in formula, groups 1-13 |
| anion | gain electrons, negative, comes second in formula, nonmetals, groups 14-17, end of element is changed to -ide |
| valence electrons | electrons in the highest energy level that want to gain/lose the least amount of electrons to become stable/a noble gas/neutral |
| group 18 | neutral |
| last digit of group number= | the # of valence electrons |
| group 14 | the "tipping point" because it has 4 electrons (4 is half of 8, which is stable), can be positive or negative |
| ionic compounds | made of a metal and nonmetal |
| covalent compounds | made of only nonmetals |
| all compound charges have to = | 0 |
| more ions are needed... | to fill all of the other ion's empty spaces to make the charge equal 0 |
| polyatomic ions | ions made of more than one element, but carry one charge, mostly made with oxygen |
| -ate ending | has one more oxygen than the -ite ending |
| transition metals & post transition metals (Sn, Pb, etc.) | can form cations with more than one charge, use roman numerals |
| roman numerals | used to indicate the charge of transition metals |
| IV | 4 |
| V | 5 |
| VI | 6 |
| monatomic ion ending | -ide for the anion |
| polyatomic ion ending | -ate, -ite for the anion |
| parentheses are used | when multiple polyatomic ions are used to cancel out the charges in a formula |
Created by:
ts2819
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