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Unit 6 APUSH Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ThomasNast | popular NYTimess political cartoonist, dealt w/ social & political issues but was most famous for his criticisms of corrupt political machine leader "Boss" Tweed of the NY Democratic Party |
| RutherfordBHayes | Republican from OH; won the very close election of 1876 after a backroom deal between Democrats and Republicans that handed him the presidency in exchange for a renewed promise to pull US troops out of the South to end Reconstruction |
| CorneliusVanderbilt | grew rich first through his NYC-based shipping business; then expanded his business to include a railroad for NYC to Chicago |
| ThomasEdison | he perfected the incandescent lightbulb, along with other inventions such as the phonograph, Dictaphone, and the motion picture camera; he also improved the telegraph and telephone |
| FlorenceKelley | a lifelong advocate for the welfare of women, children, blacks, and consumers; she led the National Consumer League and successfully lead an anti-sweatshop movement in IL (1893) |
| BookerTWashington | ex-slave who became influential businessman & reformer; he said blacks and whites could live separately and they should focus on gaining economic equality before expecting political equality; was founder of Tuskegee Institute for the education of blacks |
| CharlottePerkinsGilman | trendsetter for women's rights, wrote a book called Women and Economics that called for women to abandon their dependence upon men by entering the workforce |
| JosiahStrong | Christian minister who had superiority over white "Anglo-Saxon" civilization and called upon Americans to spread their religion and values to "backwards" non-Anglo-Saxons worldwide |
| Geronimo | an Apache leader of the American Southwest, he used raids from Mexico to fight white encroachment on Apache land; he eventually surrendered in Mexico after the US and Mexican gov'ts began collaborating to capture him |
| MaryELease | a renowned populist speaker during 1890s, she railed against the "monied" corporate and gov't interests she thought were insensitive to the plight of farmers |
| EugeneVDebs | originally organized & led the American Railroad Union; he was imprisoned for his role in the Pullman Strike of 1894; later ran for president as a Socialist earning the highest percent ever (6%) for a Socialist presidential candidate in 1912 |
| WilliamJenningsBryan | big speaker & congressman, he made a famous speech agains the Gold Standard called the "Cross of Gold" speech; he also ran for president (1896) & was nominated by both the Peoples Party (populists) & the Democrats but lost to William McKinley, Republican |
| TweedRing | group named after their leader, NY Democratic politician William "Boss" Tweed-- they took corruption to new heights during 1860s-70s through their very powerful political machine |
| TranscontinentalRailroad | funded by the Civil War-era Pacific Railway Act, railroad was built by Chinese & Irish immigrants in two directions at once-- west from Omaha, NE & east from Sacramento, CA; was completed in northern UT (1869) |
| HaymarketSquareIncident | (1886) explosion in Chicago during labor disputes that killed several people including police officers; the explosion appeared to have been perpetrated by anarchists, but the public blamed striking workers in general |
| AmericanFederationOfLabor | (AFL) one of earliest nationwide labor unions, they were made up of many "locals" that were locally managed while the AFL centrally planned national strategy; focused on "skilled" labor which meant in excluded many immigrants, people of color, and women |
| YellowJournalism | sensationalized journalism that had little regard for sticking to facts; it was designed to sell newspapers, very common during the Gilded Age when the newspaper market was very competitive |
| SocialGospel | a religious counter to ideas like the Gospel of Success, the Self-Made Man, and Social Darwinism; it emphasized competition & individualism; this belief system emphasized that helping the poor was a Christian virtue |
| PanicOf1893 | the most devastating economic collapse of the 19th century, it came between Panics of 1873 & 1907 & showed the boom-bust nature of laissez-faire capitalism |
| Jingoism | an intense form of nationalism that is aggressive and expansionist; it grew in popularity in the US by the late 1800s as the US began building an overseas empire with the acquisition of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Philippines, and Hawaii |
| Imperialism | the policy & practice of building an empire in a quest to control raw materials & materials & markets through conquest & colonization |
Created by:
Ellingham