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Peds Exam #2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which is the most consistent and commonly used data for assessment of pain in infants? | Behavioral |
| Children as young as age 3 years can use facial scales for discrimination. What are some suggested anchor words for the preschool age group? | No hurt. |
| What is an important consideration when using the FACES pain rating scale with children? | The scale can be used with most children as young as 3 years. |
| What describes nonpharmacologic techniques for pain management? | What describes nonpharmacologic techniques for pain management? |
| Which nonpharmacologic intervention appears to be effective in decreasing neonatal procedural pain? | Oral sucrose and nonnutritive sucking |
| A 6-year-old child has patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) for pain management after orthopedic surgery. The parents are worried that their child will be in pain. What should your explanation to the parents include? | The pump can deliver baseline and bolus dosages. |
| Which drug is usually the best choice for patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) for a child in the immediate postoperative period? | Morphine (Roxanol) |
| A child is in the intensive care unit after a motor vehicle collision. The child has numerous fractures and is in pain that is rated 9 or 10 on a 10-point scale. In planning care, the nurse recognizes that the indicated action is which? | Plan a preventive schedule of pain medication around the clock. |
| The parents of a preterm infant in a neonatal intensive care unit are concerned about their infant experiencing pain from so many procedures. The nurses response should be based on which characteristic about preterm infants pain? | They perceive and react to pain in much the same manner as children and adults. |
| A preterm infant has just been admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. The infants parents ask the nurse about anesthesia and analgesia when painful procedures are necessary. What should the nurses explanation be? | Pain pathways and neurochemical systems associated with pain transmission are intact and functional in neonates. |
| A bone marrow aspiration and biopsy are needed on a school-age child. The most appropriate action to provide analgesia during the procedure is which? | Use a combination of fentanyl and midazolam for conscious sedation. |
| What is a significant common side effect that occurs with opioid administration? | Constipation |
| The nurse is caring for a child receiving a continuous intravenous (IV) low-dose infusion of morphine for severe postoperative pain. The nurse observes a slower respiratory rate, and the child cannot be aroused. The most appropriate management of this chi | Administer naloxone (Narcan). |
| The nurse is teaching a staff development program about levels of sedation in the pediatric population. Which statement by one of the participants should indicate a correct understanding of the teaching? | During moderate sedation, the patient responds to verbal commands but may not respond to light tactile stimulation. |
| The nurse is planning to administer a nonopioid for pain relief to a child. Which timing should the nurse plan so the nonopioid takes effect? | 1 hour until maximum effect |
| The nurse is planning pain control for a child. Which is the advantage of administering pain medication by the intravenous (IV) bolus route? | Provides most rapid onset of effect, usually in about 5 minutes |
| The nurse is teaching the parents of a child with recurrent headaches methods to modify behavior patterns that increase the risk of headache. Which statement by the parents indicates understanding the teaching? | We will respond matter-of-factly to requests for special attention. |
| Which is a complication that can occur after abdominal surgery if pain is not managed? | Atelectasis |
| A burn patient is experiencing anxiety over dressing changes. Which prescription should the nurse expect to be ordered to control anxiety? | Lorazepam (Ativan) |
| Which are components of the FLACC scale? (Select all that apply.) | Leg position Facial expression Activity |
| The nurse is using the CRIES pain assessment tool on a preterm infant in the neonatal intensive care unit. Which are the components of this tool? (Select all that apply.) | Oxygen saturation Sleeplessness Facial expression |
| Which coanalgesics should the nurse expect to be prescribed for pruritus? (Select all that apply.) | Naloxone (Narcan) Hydroxyzine (Atarax) Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) |
| A child receiving chemotherapy is experiencing mucositis. Which prescriptions should the nurse plan to administer for initial treatment? (Select all that apply.) | Carafate suspension (Sucralfate) d. Nystatin oral suspension (Nystatin) e. Lidocaine viscous (Lidocaine hydrochloride solution) |
| Pertussis vaccination should begin at which age? | 2 months |
| A mother tells the nurse that she does not want her infant immunized because of the discomfort associated with injections. What should the nurse explain? | A topical anesthetic can be applied before injections are given. |
| . A 4-month-old infant comes to the clinic for a well-infant checkup. Immunizations she should receive are DTaP (diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis) and IPV (inactivated poliovirus vaccine). She is recovering from a cold but is otherwise healthy and | DTaP and IPV can be safely given. |
| Which serious reaction should the nurse be alert for when administering vaccines? | Allergic reaction |
| Which muscle is contraindicated for the administration of immunizations in infants and young children? | Dorsogluteal |
| Which is described as an elevated, circumscribed skin lesion that is less than 1 cm in diameter and filled with serous fluid? | Vesicle |
| Which vitamin supplementation has been found to reduce both morbidity and mortality in measles? | A |
| What does impetigo ordinarily results in? | No scarring |
| What often causes cellulitis? | Streptococci or staphylococci |
| Lymphangitis (streaking) is frequently seen in what? | Cellulitis |
| What is most important in the management of cellulitis? | Oral or parenteral antibiotics |
| What is the primary treatment for warts? | Local destruction |
| Herpes zoster is caused by the varicella virus and has an affinity for which? | Posterior root ganglia and posterior horn of the spinal cord |
| Treatment for herpes simplex virus (type 1 or 2) includes which? | Oral antiviral agent |
| When giving instructions to a parent whose child has scabies, what should the nurse include? | Be prepared for symptoms to last 2 to 3 weeks. |
| Which is usually the only symptom of pediculosis capitis (head lice)? | Itching |
| The school reviewed the pediculosis capitis (head lice) policy and removed the no nit requirement. The nurse explains that now, when a child is found to have nits, the parents must do which before the child can return to school? | The child can remain in school with treatment done at home. |
| The nurse should know what about Lyme disease? | Caused by a spirochete that enters the skin through a tick bite |
| The nurse is teaching a nursing student about standard precautions. Which statement made by the student indicates a need for further teaching? | I will use precautions when administering oral medications to a school-age child. |
| The nurse is preparing an airborne infection isolation room for a patient. Which communicable disease does the patient likely have? | Varicella |
| An infant with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is being admitted to the hospital. The nurse should plan to place the infant on which precaution? | Contact |
| The nurse is administering the first hepatitis A vaccine to an 18-month-old child. When should the child return to the clinic for the second dose of hepatitis A vaccination? | After 6 months |
| The nurse is preparing to administer a measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella (MMRV) vaccine. Which is a contraindication associated with administering this vaccine? | The child has a disorder that causes a deficient immune system. |
| An immunocompromised child has been exposed to chickenpox. What should the nurse anticipate to be prescribed to the exposed child? | Varicella-zoster immune globulin |
| The clinic nurse is instructing parents about caring for a toddler with ascariasis (common roundworm). Which statement made by the parents indicates a need for further teaching? | We know that roundworm can be transmitted from person to person. |
| The nurse is assessing a child suspected of having pinworms. Which is the most common symptom the nurse expects to assess? | Intense perianal itching |
| A child has been diagnosed with giardiasis. Which prescribed medication should the nurse expect to administer? | Metronidazole (Flagyl) |
| A child has been diagnosed with scabies. Which statement by the parent indicates understanding of the nurses teaching about scabies? | Everyone who has been in close contact with my child will need to be treated. |
| An 18-month-old child has been diagnosed with pediculosis capitis (head lice). Which prescription should the nurse question if ordered for the child? | Malathion (Ovide) |
| A child has been diagnosed with cat scratch disease. The nurse explains which characteristics about this disease? | The disease is usually a benign, self-limiting illness. |
| The nurse is planning care for a child with chickenpox (varicella). Which prescribed supportive measures should the nurse plan to implement? (Select all that apply.) | Administration of acyclovir (Zovirax) Administration of acetaminophen (Tylenol) for fever Administration of diphenhydramine (Benadryl) for itching |
| The nurse is planning care for an infant with candidiasis (moniliasis) diaper dermatitis. Which topical ointments may be prescribed for the patient? (Select all that apply.) | Nystatin Miconazole Clotrimazole |
| The nurse is conducting discharge teaching to an adolescent with a methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. What should the nurse include in the instructions? (Select all that apply.) | Avoid sharing of towels and washcloths. Take a daily bath or shower with an antibacterial soap. Apply mupirocin (Bactroban) to the nares twice a day for 2 to 4 weeks. |
| The clinic nurse is reviewing the immunization guidelines for hepatitis B. Which are true of the guidelines for this vaccine? (Select all that apply.) | The hepatitis B vaccination series should be begun at birth. An unimmunized 10-year-old child should receive three doses administered 4 weeks apart. |
| The nurse is planning to administer immunizations to a 6-month-old infant. Which interventions should the nurse implement to minimize local reactions from the vaccines? (Select all that apply.) | Select a needle length of 1 inch. Inject the vaccine into the vastus lateralis. |
| The nurse is preparing to admit a 5-year-old child who developed lesions of varicella (chickenpox) 3 days ago. Which clinical manifestations of varicella should the nurse expect to observe? (Select all that apply.) | Elevated temperature Vesicles surrounded by an erythematous base Centripetal rash in all three stages (papule, vesicle, and crust) |
| The nurse is preparing to admit a 1-year-old child with pertussis (whooping cough). Which clinical manifestations of pertussis should the nurse expect to observe? (Select all that apply.) | Coryza Low-grade fever Dry hacking cough |
| The nurse is preparing to admit a 2-year-old child with rubella (German measles). Which clinical manifestations of rubella should the nurse expect to observe? (Select all that apply.) | Sore throat Conjunctivitis Lymphadenopathy Discrete, pinkish red maculopapular exanthema |
| The clinic nurse is assessing a child with bacterial conjunctivitis (pink eye). Which assessment findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.) | a.Swollen eyelids c. Inflamed conjunctiva d. Purulent eye drainage e. Crusting of eyelids in the morning |
Created by:
Cchinwe01