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APUSH period 6
guilded age
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| pendelton act | provided that federal government jobs be awarded on the basis of merit and that government employees be selected through competitive exams |
| Homestead strike | settlers moving into the western territories could claim 160 acres of public land in exchange for a small filing fee |
| J.P. Morgan | a banker who financed the reorganization of railroads, insurance companies, and banks. He bought out Carnegie and in 1901 he started the United States Steel Corporation |
| social darwinists | belief that only the fittest survive in human political and economic struggle. A belief held by many that stated that the rich were rich and the poor were poor due to natural selection in society. |
| Sherman Anti-trust act | the first federal law that placed limits on concentrations of power deemed harmful to trade and competition |
| Kights of labor | a secret society of garnet workers in Philadelphia, but emerged as a national movement by 1878. They believed that fraternity was harnessed to labor reform, and intended to set up factories and shops that would lead to a cooperative commonwealth. |
| vertical integration | The control of multiple stages of production and distribution within a single company. |
| horizontal integration | Controlling all competition in a particular industry |
| Andrew Carnegie | Scottish-American industrialist who led the expansion of teh American steel industry. His article "The Gospel of Wealth" called for the rich to use their wealth to improve society and it started a wave of philanthropy. |
| Mark Twain | Puritan New Englander who wrote more than a hundred volumes of juvenile fiction during his career; the famous "rags to riches" theme. wrote adventures of tom sawyer and huckleberry finn |
| Realism | A 19th century artistic movement in which writers and painters sought to show life as it is rather than life as it should be. naturalism |
| Battle of Little Bighorn | Custer marched his column of men to Sioux territory to stop possible uprising due to claim to gold in the Black Hills. Custer came to 2500 Sioux warriors there. The colonel and his men were killed and the Native Americans faced revenge from whites. |
| (battle) Massacre of wounded knee | the last major armed conflict between the Lakota Sioux and the United States |
| Dawes Severalty act | act that broke up Indian reservations and distributed land to individual households. Leftover land was sold for money to fund U.S. government efforts to "civilize" Native Americans. |
| pullman strike | A strike by railroad workers upset by drastic wage cuts. The strike was led by socialist Eugene Debs |
| frederick jackson turner | historian argument that the origin of the distinctive egalitarian, democratic, aggressive, and innovative features of the American character has been the American frontier experience. |
| muckrakers | Popular journalists who used publicity to expose corruption and attack abuses of power in business and government. |
| Samuel Gompers | responsible for the formation of one of the first labor unions. The American Federation of Labor worked on getting people better hours and better wages. |
| Closed Shop | A union-organizing term that refers to the practice of allowing only unionized employees to work for a particular company |
| settlement houses | a house where immigrants came to live upon entering the U.S. the 1st was Hull house in Chicago run by Jane Addams |
| Yellow journalism | sensationalistic or biased stories that newspapers present as objective truth. (fake news) |
| Booker T Washington | educator who urged blacks to better themselves through education and economic advancement, rather than by trying to attain equal rights. |
| W.E.B. Dubois | black intellectual who challenged Booker T. Washington's ideas on combating Jim Crow ,founding member of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) |
| referendum | a law passed by the legislature can be reference to the people for approval/veto |
| recall | the people can petition and vote to have an elected official removed from office. |
| pure food and drug act | prohibited the sale of misbranded or adulterated food and drugs in interstate commerce and laid a foundation for the nation's first consumer protection agency the FDA |
| Ida Tarbell | A leading muckraker and magazine editor, she exposed the corruption of the oil industry with her 1904 work A History of Standard Oil. |
| Jacob Riis | Muckraker, this man is famous for using photography to document the incredibly poor conditions of many impoverished communities in the early 20th century. Wrote "How the Other Half Lives" |
| meat inspection act | Required strict cleanliness requirements for meat packers and created a program of federal meat inspection. 1906 as a result of Roosevelt reading Sinclair's The Jungle. He appointed a commission of experts. To investigate the meat packing industry. |
| Social Gospel | A reform movement led by Protestant ministers who used religious doctrine to demand better housing and living conditions for the urban poor. |
| initiative | people have the right to propose a new law |
Created by:
A. MARTIN rmhs