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dex final 2nd semest
dexheimer
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| At sea level, if the area of a surface increases, the pressure of the atmosphere on the surface | stays the same |
| Pressure is equal to | force divided by area |
| The SI unit of pressure is the | pascal |
| According to Pascals principle any change on a confine fluid | is transmitted unchanged throughout the fluid |
| The buoyant force exerted on an object immersed in a fluid is equal to the | weight of the displaced fluid |
| According to Bernoulli’s principle as the velocity of a fluid increases the | pressure exerted by the fluid decreases |
| As heat is applied to a sample of liquid water at 1 degree Celsius the volume of the water | decreases |
| A crystal lattice is a characteristic of many | solids |
| An object that is deformed by a force and returns to its original form when the force is removed is exhibiting the property of | elasticity |
| The_______state is the state of matter in which electrons have been torn away from the atoms | plasma |
| The___________forces within a liquid account for surface tension | cohesive |
| increasing the amplitude of a wave _________the rate of energy transfer | increases |
| Frequency is________related to period | inversely |
| Wavelength is measure in | meters |
| Wave speed equals________times wavelength | frequency |
| The________is a line at a right angle to the barrier | normal |
| A __________wave vibrates in a direction perpendicular tp the direction of wave models | transverse |
| Which of the following usually transmits energy without transferring matter? | wave |
| The time interval during which wave motion repeats is the | period |
| The number of vibrations per second is the | frequency |
| The speed of any mechanical wave depends on | the medium through which it travels |
| Which of the following may be produced during destructive interference of waves | a node |
| The change in wave direction at the boundary of two different media | refraction |
| The spreading of waves around the edge of a barrier is | diffraction |
| For an open-pipe resonator a column of length _______will resonate with a tuning fork | 1/2 |
| The frequency of a beat is the _________of the frequencies of the two waves that produce it | difference |
| Echoes demonstrate which behavior of sound waves | reflection |
| Sound is an example of what kind of wave | longitudinal |
| An an approaching ambulance passes an unmoving observer, what happens to the apparent pitch of the sound emitted by the ambulance siren, as heard by the observer? | it decreases |
| A detected apparent change in the pitch caused by the motion of a sound source or of an observer is called | the Doppler shift |
| The pitch of a sound depends most directly upon the sound’s | frequency |
| If two notes have a frequency ratio of 1:2, the notes differ by a | octave |
| What kind of wave is light? | electromagnetic |
| Which of the following characteristics of light has a defined value | speed in a vacuum |
| The rate, in lumens, at which light is emitted from a lightbulb is the bulb’s | luminous flux |
| Illumination under a small light source is proportional to | 1/r^2 |
| Very thin whit tissue paper can best be described as | translucent |
| Materials that do not allow any transmission of light are described as | opaque |
| What kind of process is the mixing of primary colors of light to produce other colors | additive |
| The clear-edged quality of the shadow that results when you put your hand into the path of light from a flashlight illustrates that light travels in a _________ line | straight |
| A primary pigment reflects _____primary colors from white light | two |
| The spectrum of colors produced by an oil film on water is due to the __________by a_______ | reflection/interference |
| The waves that cannot pass through a polarizing filter are those that are vibrating_______to the polarizing axis | perpendicular |
| From which service would light rays undergo regular reflection | a telescope mirror |
| Refraction occurs when | light travels through two mediums that have optical densities |
| When light rays travel from one medium into a less optically dense medium | the rays speed up |
| The index of refraction of the transparent mineral beryl is approximately 1.6. Transparent quartz has an index of 1.54. Diamond has an index of 2.42. Based on these facts, which statement is true? | Beryl disperses light more than does quartz |
| The angle of incidence is always______the angle of reflection | equal to |
| The higher the index of refraction is, the _________is the speed of light in the substance | slower |
| For most practical purposes, the index of refraction of the air can be considered equal to | 1.00 |
| A vacuum has an index of refraction that is _______than that of any substance | smaller |
| In a glass prism, the index of refraction for red light is ______that than for violet light | smaller |
| What aberration can be reduced by joining together a converging lens and a diverging lens? | chromatic |
| Concave lenses have________focal lengths | negative |
| Rays parallel to the principal axis of a ________mirror converge at the focal point | concave |
| What is equal to the size of the image divided by the size of the object | magnification |
| The focal length of a spherical mirror equals | half the radius of curvature |
| When a real image is formed | light rays converge at the image |
| If an object is between a concave mirror and its focal point, the image will be | virtual and larger than the object |
| The image formed of an object located more than twice the focal length from a convex lens is | real and smaller than the object |
| Diffractions is_______for sound waves than for light waves | more obvious |
| For a ________experiment, the wavelength equals wavelength(d)/L | wavelength equals (x)(d)/L |
| The destructive and constructive interference of light that passes through two closely spaced slits produced | interference fringes |
| The bending of waves around the edge of barriers is called | diffraction |
| The paths of light waves that come from two slits and that interfere to form first-order lines | differ in length by the wavelength of the light |
| When light passes through a single slit, which of the following appears? | a bright central band, with dimmer bands to the sides |
| A pair of closely spaced stars can be seen as a single star because a telescope lens has limited | resolving power |
| The effects of diffraction on the ability of telescopes to distinguish between closely spaced stars can be reduced by | increasing the size of the lens |
| Bits of paper stick to a plastic comb that has been rubbed because of | electric charge |
| Charges in _________cannot easily move around | insulator |
| Touching an electroscope with a negatively charged rod is an example of charging by | conduction |
| A charged object can attract a neutral object because the charged object induces a ___________in the neutral object | separation of charge |
| When an electroscope is charged, its leaves spread apart because | charges exert force on other charges over a distance |
| The forces that charge qA exerts on charge qB is opposite and ________the force that charge qB exerts on qA | equal to |
| Electric force is a vector quantity because it has magnitude and | direction |
| If an electroscope that is negatively charged is touched with a rod with a negative charge | the leaves will spread father apart |
| An example of a separation of charge on neutral objects is | lightning, a finger attracting charged tape, a comb picking up paper bits |
| With two________charges you must do work to pull one charge away from the other | opposite |
| In a ___________the potential difference between two points if ound using the equation deltaV equals Ed | uniform electric field |
| Touching an object to Earth to eliminate excess charge is | grounding |
| The charges on a hollow conductor are found on the _______surface | outer |
| A ________is made up of two conductors separated by an insulator | capacitor |
| An electric field is equal to | force per unit charge |
| The force on a test charge in an electric field is | directly proportional to the magnitude of the field |
| The strength of the force on a charge in an electric field depends on | both the magnitude of the field and the size of the charge |
| As an electric field becomes stronger, the field lines should be drawn | closer together |
| A good device is to indicate electric field lines is | a Van de Graff machine |
| A charge pump creates a flow of charges particles or | electric current |
| A closed loop through which charges can flow is an | electric circuit |
| When a water wheel drives a generator, the generator converts the_______________of the water to electric energy | kinetic energy |
| The rate at which energy is transferred is | power |
| The unit that is used to measure the rate of flow of electric current is an | ampere |
| The ____________of a conductor can be determined if potential difference and current are known | resistance |
| A device that has constant resistance and appears to be independent of the __________is said to obey Ohm’s law | potential difference |
| The current flowing in an electric current can be increased by | increasing voltage or decreasing resistance |
| A device that measures the amount of current in a circuit is a | ammeter |
| Space heaters convert most of the electric energy in a circuit into_______energy | thermal |
| Electricity is carried long distances at high voltages because | this reduces the current and less power is lost as thermal energy |
| Utility companies measure energy used in | kilowatt-hours |
| To measure the___________through a resistor an ammeter should be connected in series with the resistor | current |
| The equivalent resistance of a parallel circuit is always______________the resistance of any resistor in the circuit | less than |
| A _________should have a very low resistance so that it causes the largest possible changes in currents and voltages in the circuit | ammeter |
| To measure the ________across a resistor, connect a voltmeter in parallel with the resistor | voltage drop |
| If four electric devices are connected in a series circuit then the number of current paths is equal to | one |
| A series circuit contains a generator, an ammeter, and a lamp. The current in the lamp is | equal to the current in the generator and equal to the current in the ammeter |
| A series circuit contains four resistors. What is the equivalent resistance of the circuit | R1+R2+R3+R4 |
| A series circuit has a 120-V generator but requires a 60-V potential source. To achieve the desired potential, a_________can be used | voltage divider |
| If three resistors are connected in parallel, there are _____________current paths in the circuit | three |
| In an electric circuit,____________are switches that act as safety devices | fuses and circuit breakers |
| The_________of the magnetic force on a current-carrying wire depends on the strength of the magnetic field, the current in the wire, and the length of wire in the magnetic field | magnitude |
| When two parallel wires carry currents in opposite directions, their magnetic fields___________each other | repel |
| A device used to measure very small electric currents is an | galvanometer |
| In an electric motor, current is reversed every_______turn | half |
| The speed of an electric motor can be controlled by_________the current flow | varying |
| An object that is magnetic has | a north-seeking pole and a south-seeking pole |
| The magnitude of current in a wire is __________to the magnetic field around the wire | proportional |
| Increasing the number of loops in an electromagnet causes the strength of the magnetic field to | increase |
| In a magnetic material, the_______act like tiny electromagnets | electrons |
| The magnetic force on a current-carrying wire in a magnetic field is_____________the direction of the current | perpendicular to |
| An electric current is generated in a wire when the wire is moved so that it _________magnetic field lines | cuts across |
| Current can be made to flow in a stationary wire by moving a magnetic field_______to the wire | perpendicular |
| The electromotive force depends only on magnetic field strength, the length of the wire in the magnetic field, and the _______of the wire in the magnetic field | velocity |
| An electric generator converts mechanical energy to _______energy | electrical |
| An electric motor is almost identical in construction to an electric generator, but the motor converts electrical energy to____________energy | mechanical |
| According to Lenz’s law, the direction of induced current is such that the magnetic field resulting from induced current__________the change in field that caused the current | opposes |
| If a generator produces only a small current, then the opposing force on the armature will be small and the armature will be ______to turn | easy |
| When a motor is first turned on, a __________current flows because of the low resistance of the motor | large |
| If the N-pole of a magnet is moved toward the right end of a coil wire, the right end of the coil becomes an N-pole and_______the magnet | repels |
| When a piece of metal is moved through a magnetic field, __________are generated in the metal | eddy currents |
| In a ______________transformer, the primary voltage is greater than the secondary voltage | step-down |
| In a wire coild, the faster the current changes, the _________the opposing EMF | larger |
| When does self-inductance become a factor? | a coiled wire passing through a changing magnetic field |
| Describe the relationship between the amplitude of a wave and the energy that is transferred by the wave | doubling the amplitude takes 4 times the energy |
| How do molecules in air allow a distant listener to hear a trumpet? | Air is a good conductor of sound, the trumpets sends vibrations through the air and moves molecules |
| What is the appearance of a red dress in a closed room illuminated only by green light? | black, because the dress absorbs athe green light, and doesn’t reflect any colors |
| Explain the difference between regular and diffuse reflection | reg reflection happens on a smooth surface and parallel rays reflect the same, Diffuse reflection is when the rays are sent in different directions because of an uneven surface |
| Explain why electric potential energy is larger when 2 like charges are closer than two unlike | with 2 like charges the force of repulsion is stronger |
| If a high-voltage wire falls on a car, will the people inside be safe from electrocution | Yes the electricity would run through the metal frame of the car, then to the eart, the people are surrounded by insulators |
| How is it possible to use more than one electric appliance at one time in a house | the house is wired in parallel so every appliance gets the same voltage at low resistance |
| Why does turning on additional appliances on the same circuit breaker increase the current? | more appliances in use reduce the total resistance because they are wired in parallel, As resistance decreases, current increases. |
| If all electrons create magnetic fields, why aren’t all materials magnets? | magnetic material has electrons moving in an orderly pattern, most materials have electrons that are random |
| An electric wire carries current in a straight line from east to west What is the direction of the field above and below the wire? | above-into the page, below-out of the page |
| Compare operation of an electric motor with a generator | they are opposites, a generator turns mechanical energy into electric energy and a motor turns electric into mechanical |
| What happens to primary voltage when the number of turns on the secondary transformer coil is doubled? | ????? |
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rangerlove13
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