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Exam 1
ACC 117
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Users of accounting information | owners, managers, creditors, government agencies |
| owners | company's profitability and current financial condition |
| managers | detailed measures of business performance |
| creditors | company's profitability, debt outstanding, and assets that could be used to secure debt |
| government agencies | company's profitability, cash flows, and overall financial condition |
| accounting process | analyzing, recording, classifying, summarizing, reporting, and interpreting |
| analyzing | look at events that have taken place and thinking about how they affect the business |
| recording | entering financial about events into the accounting system |
| classifying | sorting and grouping similar items together rather than merely keeping a simple, diary-like record of numerous events |
| summarizing | aggregation of many similar events to provide information that is easy to understand |
| reporting | telling the results |
| interpreting | deciding the meaning and importance of the information in various reports |
| GAAP | procedures and guidelines developed by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to be followed in the accounting and reporting process |
| Types of ownership stuctures | sole proprietorship, partnership, corporation |
| sole propietorship | one owner, assumes all risks, makes all decisions |
| partnership | two or more owners, share risks, may disagree on how to run business |
| corporation | stockholders, limited risk, have little influence on business decisions |
| service business | business that provides a service Ex: travel agency, computer consultant, physician |
| merchandising business | business that buys a product to sell Ex: department store, pharmacy, grocery store |
| manufacturing business | business that makes a product to sell Ex: automobile manufacturer, furniture maker, toy factory |
| business entity | individual, association, organization, that engages in economic activities and controls specific economic resources |
| fiscal year | an accounting period of 12 months' duration |
| basic accounting elements | assets, liabilities, owners equity |
| assets | items that are owned by a business and will provide future benefits Ex: accounts receivable |
| liabilities | represent something owed to another business entity Ex: account payable |
| owners equity | amount by which the business assets exceed the business liabilities Ex: capital |
| accounting equation | assets= liabilities + owners equity |
| basic phases of accounting | input, processing, output |
| input | business transactions |
| processing | recognizing the effect of these transactions |
| output | financial statements |