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Science Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ______ A GTLIH YAR is a narrow beam of light traveling in a straight line | light ray |
| A wave travels in a DEMMIU | Medium |
| Light hitting an object and bouncing off is a LREEFCNOIT | reflection |
| True or False? Energy in the form of Motion is potential energy | False. This is kinetic energy |
| True or False? The greater mass a moving object has. the more kinetic energy it has. | True |
| True or False? A rock at the edge of a cliff has kinetic energy because of its position | False. This is potential energy. |
| True or False? Friction causes some mechanical energy to change to thermal energy | true |
| True or False? Energy that is stored is kinetic energy | False. This is ______ |
| True or False? Mass is measured in joules | False. It is measured in grams |
| True or False? Doubling an objects velocity will double its kinetic energy | False. KE= 1/2mv (veloity is squared) Doubling the velocity does not double KE |
| True or False? Chemical Potential Energy is energy stored in chemical bonds | True |
| True or False? Thermal energy is energy stored by things that stretch or compress | False. Thermal energy is stored by things of heat |
| True or False? A book and a feather sitting next to each other on a shelf haave different potential energies | True |
| True or False? 2 copies of the same book are in a book case. 1 book is twice as high as the other. They have the same potential energy | False. Different areas=different potential energies |
| True or False? A tooaster uses chemical energy to make toast | False. This is thermal energy |
| True or False? When a plant falls from a window its thermal energy is transformed into kinetic energy. | False. There is no thermal energy. All PE turns to KE when it drops and the moment before it hits the ground |
| True or False? The law of conservation of energy states that although energy can change forms it can never be created or destroyed | True |
| Types of energy is measured in ___ | joules |
| The ____ energy of an object increases with its height. | potential |
| Mechanical energy is the total kinetic and ______ energies in a system | potential |
| ____ can cause kinetic energy to change into thermal energy | friction |
| Green plants convert light energy from the sun into ___ | chemical potential energy. Green plants --> turn energy from sun to food --> chemical potential energy |
| The mechanical energy of a coconut falling from a tree | remains constant. ME is always remaining constant |
| Refridgerators and air conditioners are examples of | heat movers. Both of them moves the heat out of the air |
| Wind and ocean currents are formed by | convection |
| Materials that reduce the flow of heat by conduction, convection, and radiation is | insulator |
| All of the following are good conductors of heat EXCEPT... Silver, aluminium, air, and copper | AIR |
| The process by which engine fuels burn is | combustion |
| Where will convection most likely occur? | liquids and gases |
| Gasoline and diesal engines are | internal combustion engines. |
| The transfer of energy that does not require matter is | radiation |
| Energy from the sun travels to Earth as | radiant energy |
| The best insulator of the choices is:silver, copper, air, iron | air. It is the worst conductor |
| A device that converts thermal energy into mechanical energy is a | heat engine |
| Compared to the efficiency of a gasoline engine, adiesal engine is | twice as efficient. (I dont know where we got that from) |
| Temperature measures the ____ of the particles of a material | Kinetic energy |
| 3 kinds of fossil fuels | petroleum, natural gas, and coal |
| Electricity produced by falling water is called | hydrolectricity |
| What is an example of a nonrenewable source of energy? | coal |
| The amount of kinetic energy a moving object has depends on its mass and its | velocity, (KE= 1/2mv(squared) |
| The potential energy of an object depends on its | position |
| The energy stored in foods and fuels is | chemical potential energy |
| You convert kinetic energy into thermal energy by | friction |
| An orange in a trree has ______ energy due to Earth pulling it down | gravitational potential energy |
| A car engine changes chemical potential energy into the _____ energy of the moving car | kinetic |
| Thermal transfer by convection takes place in materials that are | fluid |
| Energy from the Sun is | solar energy (common sense) |
| The rapid burning of fuels that takes place in engines is called | combustion |
| Materials such as air, wood, and rubber that do not allow heat to pass throught them easily are called | insulators |
| Particles of an object with a high temperature have a high | kinetic energy |
| How do you calculate the kinetic energy of a 300 kg cart moving at a speed of 7 m/s. Use paper with the formula of KE- 1/2mv(squared) | KE= 1/2 (100kg) * (7m/s)= 2400J (or Kgm/s) |
| Explain why a more streamlined car generally will have better fuel economy than a bulkier car that has the same mass. | A bigger car needs to have more fuel and force because it needs to exert more power |
| P.S | You need to review the test on energy with the problems with calories. |
| Another P.S | You need to review the test on work and simple machines with the problems with the inclined plane and the pulley AND the image of a lever AND the diagrams of the inclined plane and the lever |
| What is a staircase | inclined plane |
| What is a spiral staircase | screw |
| What is a crowbar | lever |
| What is a bicycle pedal | wheel and axle |
| What is a knife | wedge |
| What is a screwdriver | screw (im not sure) |
| What is a block and tackle | pulley |
| What is a ramp | inclined plane |
| Concorde | This was the first commercial supersonic jet |
| Chuck Yeager | This pilot flew test missions for the US Air Force |
| Kitty Hawk, NC | The Wright brothers flew here in 1903 |
| Boeing 747 | This plane has been a tremendous commercial success, having carried over 5 billion passengers in almost 40 years. |
| Bernoulli's Princible | As the velocity of a fluid increases the pressure exerted by that fluid decreases |
| Harrier | In addition to regular flight this plane can also hover, fly sideways, and fly backwards |
| Sir Frank Whittle | He invented the jet engine |
| Charles Lindburgh | This pilot made the first trans-atlantic flight |
| Ford Tri-motor | the first plane clad in a metal skin rather than a fabric skin |
| Dearborn, MI | The first commercial airport waz located here |
| Eric Brown | This pilot flew test missions for the royal air force |
| Henry Ford | He opene the first commercial airport |
| weight | a measure of gravity |
| Rudder | The control surface of the plane that controls yaw |
| Isaac Newton | Wrote the Universal Law of Gravitation |
| Orville and Wilbur Wright | Owned a bicycle shop in Dayton, Ohio |
| Another Another O.S | Review on the flight quiz the diagrams of airplanes |
| Theresa runs 30 m in 45 seconds. (NOT POSSIBLE!!!!!!!!) What is her average speed? | Gives: D= 30m T= 45 s. Your looking for average speed. Formula= v=d/t. |
| Julia places a ball at the top of a ramp and lets it go. 4 seconds later, the ball is moving at a rate of 2.4 m/s. What is the ball's acceleration? | Gives: Vf= 2.4m/s Vi=0.0m/s T=4.0s. Your looking for acceleration. Formula= a=Vf-Vi/T |
| Motion | A change in position |
| Average Speed | Total distance over total time |
| Speed | rate of change of position, rate of motion |
| Acceleration | Rate of change of velocity |
| Hecto | Prefix meaning 100 |
| Deka | Prefix meaning 10 |
| Mega | Prefix meaning 1000000 |
| Milli | Prefix meraning one-thousandth |
| Deci | Prefix meaning one-tenth |
| Micro | Prefix meaning 0.000001 |
| Micro | Prefix meaning one-millionth |
| Nano | Prefix meaning one-billionth |
| Centi | Prefix meaning one- hundreth |
| Kelvin | Unit of temperature |
| Meter | Unit of length |
| Second | Unit of time |
| Kilogram | Unit of mass |
| m(cubed) | Unit of volume (you should know this from math!!) |
| m(squared) | unit of area (you should know this from math!) |
| Kg/m(cubed) (WOWEE!) | Unit of density |
| cd | unit of intensity of light (HUH!) |
| A | unit of electricity |
| mass | Amount of matter in an object |
| Density | amount of matter in volume |
| Volume | amount of space an object occupies |
| K | SI unit of temperature |
| Which graph shows parts of a whole | circle graph |
| WHich graph shows a comparison of information | bar graph |
| WHich graph shows trends or change over time | line graph |
| A box is 25 cm long, 6cm wide, and 4cm high. How many cubic cm of water can it hold | 600 (HUH?) |
| Kilo | Prefix meaning 1000 |
| mL | correct symbol for milliliter |
| A newton weighs about as much as | an apple |
| Example of rate | baseball is pitched at 148 km per hour |
| A section of a circle graph measures 180 degrees. What percent of a circle graph is this section. | 50% |
| Square meters | Unit you would use to measure the area of a carpet. |
| How would you calculate the angle to show 20% in a circle graph | 0.20*360 (HUH?) |
| Put the correct symbol for hecto | h |
| Put the correct symbol for kilo | k |
| Put the correct symbol for deci | d |
| Put the correct symbol for nano | n |
| Put the correct symbol for milli | m |
| Put the correct symbol for tera | T |
| Put the correct symbol for mega | M |
| Put the correct symbol for deka | da |
| Put the correct symbol for giga | G |
| Put the correct symbol for Centi | c |
| micro | u with a line on the left side. |
| Physical change | observed by your senses |
| Formula for density | d=mv |
| Size-dependant property | volume |
| Chemical property | ability to burn, sodium can react with water, water decomposed by electrical current, gasoline is flammable |
| Archimedes | laws about floating boats or balloons |
| Bernoulli | Laws about flying airplanes |
| Pascal | Laws about water pressure and hydraulics |
| Boyle Law | sample of gas is kept at constant temperature decreasing volume will increase the pressure the gas exerts |
| All gasses become liquid when cooled to its | boiiling point |
| Chemical Change (example) | car door rusting, compound is broken down into elements |
| Physical Change (example) | Crumpling a piece of paper, magnetizing a piece of metal |
| Physical Property (example) | Hardness, diamond is hardest natural substance, styrofoam is less dense than iron |
| Another Another Another P.S | Review on the Atoms, Matter, Periodic Table test the calculations and the atoms on the last page |
| A gas _____ fils its container | completely |
| If an object's density is less than that of the fluid it is in, it will | float |
| When the attractive forces holding particles together are strong enough to hold them together as a group, but not in a fixed positiong, they form a | liquid (im not sure) |
| The higher the temeperature of matter, the _____ the particles are moving | faster |
| Formula for pressure | P=F/A |
| volume of gas increases when temperature increases, if pressure statys same | charles |
| Pressure applied to a fluid is transmitted unchanged throughout the fluid | pascal |
| If you decrease the volume of a container of gas, the oressure will increase if temperatur stays the same | Boyle |
| The elements on the _________ of periodic table are more stable | right side |
| Elements on the ______ of periodic table are less likely to exist in nature on their own | left side |
| _______ is more likely to be part of a compound | Potassium |
| Strontium is a ____ | metal |
| Semi-conductors are | metalloid |
| there are 7 _____ and 18 ____ on the periodic table | periods and groups |
| He, Ne, Cl, and Ar are all _______ | Noble gases |
| The metalloid used to make computer chips is | silicon |
| ______ is a word in English that comes from the Latin word for Lead | plumber |
| Cadmium contains ____ protons | 48 |
| Radon is in what state of matter | Gas (Noble gases) |
| The atomic mass of aluminum is | 26.981538 (see periodic table on test) |
| How many outer electrons are contained in the element Nitrogen | 5 (see periodic table on test i dont know why!!!) |
| In what period is the element Zirconium | 5 (see periodic table on test) |
| What element has electrons in 3 energy levels and has 7 electrons in the outer shell | chlorine |
| Control | Standard for comparison that helps to ensure that the experimental result is caused by the condition being tested |
| Dependent variable | A factor in an experiment that changes because of changing the independant variable |
| Constant | Factor that does not change in an experiment |
| Another Another Another Another P.S | Review the Physics Test Chapter 1 to read and review the stories |
| YAY!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! WE ARE FINISHED!! | YAHOOTI!!!!!!!!!!!! |
| PQUOUE material let no light in | Opaque |
| PTTRRNNSAAE materials allow nearly all light pass through them | Transparent |
| Why can't you see a book in a dark room | Because no light reflects off of the book |
| How is an opaque object different form a translucent object | Opaque objects allow no light to pass through them. Translucent objects allow some light |
| the Law of reflection states that the ____ of ________ is equal to the _____ of ____________ | angle, incidence,angle, reflection |
| Do light rays reflect in many directions or few if it bounces off of a rough surface | Many directions |
| Do light rays reflect in many directions or few when it bounces off of a smooth surface | Few directions |
| Light doesn't pass through a mirror it _______ | bounces off of the mirror |
| True or False: Light travels at different speeds in different mediums | True |
| True or False: Refraction is the change of speed of a light wave as it moves from one medium to another | False- Refraction is the bending of a light wave as it moves from one wave to another |
| True or False: The larger the change in speed of a light wave, the lesser its refraction | False- The larger the change in speed of a light wave, the greater its refraction |
| True or False: A lens is a transparent object with at least one curved side that causes light to refract | True |
| True or False: A convex lens is also called a converging lens | True |
| True or False: A concave lens is also called a diverging lens | True |
| A lens that is thicker in the center than at the edges | Convex lens |
| A lens that is thicker at the edges that at the center | Concave lens |
| Causes light rays passing through it to meet at a focal piont | convex lenses |
| has an optical lens | both concave and convex lens |
| An object more than two focal lengthes form the lens will have an inverted image | convex lens |
| Causes light rays passibng through to diverge | Concave lens |
| Causes light rays going through to refract | both |
| Used to correct nearsightness | concave lens |
| used to correct farsightdness | convex lens |
| Creates a focal piont | convex lens |
| What is an objective lens | System of lenses nearest to object being viewed |
| What is an ocular lens | an ocluar lens is the eyepiece of a microscope |
| Explain how a microscope allows viweres to see very small objects | It uses 2 convex lenses with short focal lengths to magnify small objects |
| Why is it important to know that the lenses in the microscope are convex lenses | Cause one lens sees closely and one sees distant |
| More Expensive, heavy weight, sags when to large, convex lenses, enlarges gathered light | Refracting telescope |
| Less expensive, lighter weight, does not sag, concave mirror, convex lens, gathers reflected light | Reflecting microscope |
| Your friend what to build a camera and tells you to go get a concave lens. You know that this is the wrong kind of lens. Why? | You would need a convex camera lens because light travels through the eye piece and enlarges the image |
| Light is a ______ which passes through _____ materials, example of which are: _______ lenses and _______ lenses | wave, transparent, convex, concave |
| Light is a _____ which partially passes thorugh ____ materials | wave, translucent |
| Light is a _____ which is blocked by _____ materials, examples of which are: _______ | wave, opaque, mirrors |
| The primary clors of light are: | red, green, blue |
| When an object reflects all the light waves that strike it, it looks _____ | white |
| According to the law of reflection the angle of incidence is ____ the angle of reflection | equal to |
| Whenlight strikes an opaque wall _______ | no light passes through |
| When light strikes a transparent pane of glass __________ | nearly all light passes through |
| When light strikes a translucent pane of glass ______________ | some light passes through |
| When light strikes a prism it ________ | absorbed, passes thorugh wuthout bieng change, sepreates into different colors |
| What is the speed of light in an empty space | 300,000 km/s |
| How is the speed of light affected when it passes through air, water, or glass | Depending of the medium the light eaither slows down or speeds up because it is being refracted |
| What property of a laser beam allows them to apply a large amount of energy to a small area | Laser beams's photons travel in the same direction, at the same speed |
| What is the difference of a microscope and a telescope | A microscope has 2 convex lenses that are at a close focal length. Microscope enlarges things that are close, telescope enlarges things that are far away |
| What is the difference between a reflecting telescope and a refracting telscope | Felcting telescope: uses concave mirror, Plane, and convex lens to collect/focus light from distnat objects.Refracting telescope: uses 2 convex lenses to gather/focus light from distant objects |
| Beam of light | light ray |
| A mirror or lens that curves outward is _______ | convex |
| Term for bending light | refracting |
| A transparent object with one curved side that causes light to bend | lens |
| is also called a converging lens | convex lens |
| A mirror or lens that curves inward is caleed_________ | Concave |
| The piont at which light becomes focused | focal piont |
| material through which waves pass | medium |
| also called diverging lens | concave lens |
| distance along the optical axis from the center of the mirror to the focal piont | focal length |
| the law of _______ states that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflaction | Reflection |
| Motion occurs when there is a change in SPEED | position |
| The relationship s=d/t can be used to calculate spee, DIRECTION, or time | true |
| Acceleration occurs when velocity CHANGES | true |
| When you push on a sled and it begins to go downhill, you cause NEGATIVE accleration | positive |
| When the force acting on an object are UNBALNCED, the net force is zero | balanced |
| An object in motion at a constant velocity will change its motion only if a BALANCED forces acts on it | an outside force |
| In a car crash INERTIA could cause you to crash into windshields | true |
| the greater an objects mass, the GREATER the gravitational force on it | true |
| When a ball is dropped, it falls down due to the force of FRICTION | gravity |
| Pushing a box up the hill, you have to overcome STATIC friction | sliding |
| A box doesn't move when you push it because of STATIC friction | true |
| Motion is a change in | position |
| The speed you read on a speedometer is | instantanouse speed |
| the relationship amoung speed, distance, time is | s=d/t |
| A single piont on a distance-time graph tells the | instantoues speed |
| A merry-go-round horse moves at a constant speed but a changing | velocity |
| Acceleration is the rate of change of | velocity |
| The equation used to find accelration is a= | vf-vi/t |
| A horizontal line on a velocity-time graph shows ______ accelration | zero |
| The upward force on an object falling through the air is | air resistance |
| The realtionship amoun mass, force, and accelration is explained by | Newtons second law of motion |
| The acceleration due to gravity is | 9.8 m/s |
| According the Newtons secong law of motion ___ | F= m*a |
| When an object moves in a circular path , it accelrates toward the center of the circle as a result of ________ | centripetal force |
| The path of a projectile is | curved |
| The size of the gravitational force between two objects depends on thier ___ | masses and the distance between them |
| A you get furthrt from the center of the Earth, you wiegth will __________ | decrease |
| When a force is exerted on a box, an equal an oppposite force is exerted by the box. THese forces are called_________ | action-reaction |
| A real car moving 10 km/h has more momentum than a toy car moving at the same speed becasue the real car _________ | has greater mass |
| In the equation p= m*v the p repersent---- | momentaum |
| The statement "to every action there is an equal opposition reaction" is ____ | Newtons third law motion |
| The unit of momentum is | kg * m/s |
| _______ is the measurment of how far an object has moved | Distance |
| the speed and direction with wchich an object moves is its | velocity |
| The distance an object travel per unit of time is ____ | speed |
| An object changing its speed from 10 to 3 m/s is undergoing ________ acceleration | negative |
| As a car slows down approching a red traffic light its _________ is negative | acceleration |
| If the forces at rest are ___________, the object will remain at rest | balanced |
| At the same speed, a bowling ball is harder to stop than a soccer ball because the bowling ball has a greater ______ | mass |
| State Newton's first law of motion | Anything in motion will stay that way until an unbalanced force acts upon it |
| What is neccesary for an object to accelerate | It must have unbalanced forces |
| A car has an accelration of -5 m/s describe the car motion | It has negative accleration, slowing down |
| If you are running and you fall forward. Explain | When you are running you ahve a certain amount of momentum and when you stub your toe you legs suddenly stop but your upperbody keeps going at teh same momentum |
| Why is it neccesary to waer a seat belt to hold you in place if you are riding in a car that suddenly stops | Because youare going at the same speed that the car was going, but when teh car stope you keep going |
| Sally sits on a rock . Her weight is an action force. Describe | As Sally sits on the rock the rock pucshes back with the same amout of force to lift you up |
| Why is your weight less on the moon than on Earth, but your mass is the samne? | Because thier is less gravitaitional force on the moon so your wieght is less, but you still have the same amount if matter in you so your mass is the same |
| Balanced forces acting on an object at a rate of 98 m/s2 | False |
| Gravity causes all falling objects to accelrate at a rate of 98 m/s2 | False |
| The projectile velocity is the highest that will be reached by a falling object | False |
| When an object falls it is reacting to the force of gravity | True |
| Objects in Earth's orbit appearer to be weightless becasue they are in free fall | True |
| Subsonic | Any speed lower than the speed of sound within a sound propagating medium |
| Beat | When 2 waves of different frequencies and length finally meet is a beat (this is also considered constructive interference) |
| Onomatopoeia | word that imitates or suggests the source of the sound that it describes |
| Afterimage | ghost image is an optical illusion that refers to an image continuing to appear in one's vision after the exposure to the original image has ceased |
| Primary colors of light | red, green, and blue |
| Primary colors of pigment | cyan, magenta, yellow |
| Secondary colors of light | red + green= yellowgreen+ blue= cyanblue+red=magenta |
| Secondary colors of pigment | cyan + magenta = blue magenta + yellow = red yellow + cyan = green |
| All colors of light mixed is.... | white light |
| All colors of pigment mixed is... | |
| Color | visual perceptual property corresponding in humans to the categories called red, green, blue |
Created by:
Cody13