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Basic Chemistry
Some basic chemistry
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Element | a substance made up of one type of atom |
| Atom | is the smallest part of an element |
| H | Hydrogen |
| Carben | C |
| N | Nitrogen |
| O | Oxygen |
| Flourine | F |
| Sodium | Na |
| Mg | Magnesium |
| P | Phosphorous |
| Sulfar | S |
| Cl | Clorine |
| K | Potassium |
| Calcium | Ca |
| Mangnese | Mn |
| Fe | Iron |
| Co | Cobalt |
| Cu | Copper |
| Zn | Zinc |
| Iodine | I |
| Proton | is the positive electrical charge in the center (nucleus) of an atom |
| Electron | Is the negative electrical charge found outside the nucleus orbiting in an electron cloud |
| Neutron | is electrically neutral (has no charge) and is found in the nucleus as well |
| Chemical Bond | is an attraction between positive and negative electrical charges |
| Ionic Bond | involves the loss of one or more electrons by one atom and the gain of the electron(s) by another atom or atoms |
| Atomic Number | the number of protons in an atom |
| Covalent Bonds | involves the sharing of electrons between atoms |
| Cohesion | is the tendency of similar molecules to "stick to" one another |
| Synthesis Reaction | bonds are formed to join two or more atoms or molecule to make a new compond |
| Decomposition Reaction | bonds are broke, and a large molecule is changed to two or more smaller ones |
| Solvent | this is called when many substances can dissolve in water |
| Solutes | the substances that dissolve in water |
| Plasma | water found in blood vessels |
| ICF | Intracellular Fluid |
| Extracellular Fluid | 35% of your body is made up of this fluid |
| Specialized Fluids | synovial fluids found in joints |
| Tissue Fluids | water found in the small spaces between cells |
| Carbon Dioxide | is produced by cells as a waste product of cell respiration |
| ATP, heat, carbon dioxide, and water | glucose and oxygen combined |
| 21% of the atmosphere | Oxygen |
| Normal pH range | 7.35 to 7.45 |
| Lipids | contains the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
| Proteins | made of smaller subunits or building blocks called amino acids |
| Amino Acids | contains the elements hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen |
| True fats | a triglyceride consists of three fatty acid molecules bonded to a glycerol molecule |
| Phospholipids | diglycerides with a phosphate group bonded to the glycerol molecule |
| Steroids (cholesterol) | four carbon-hydrogen rings |
| DNA | the generic code for hereditary characteristics |
| RNA | copies the generic code and carries out its function in the cytoplasm |
| ATP | is one of several "energy transfer" molecules within cells |
Created by:
sygomez.92
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