Describe what each pair/term has in common: lytic/lysogenic cycle, prion-virus, capsid-prion, virus-retrovirus

1. viruses undergo those cycles | 2, They cant reproduce on own and need host cell | 3. both r pathogenic (evade host's immune system and host to cause disease) | 4. both need host cell to replicate

Define retrovirus and give an example of a retrovirus.

A retrovirus is a virus that uses its own RNA to replicate inside healthy cells. EX: HIV

Make an argument for or against that viruses are living organisms.

Viruses are not made out of cells, they can't keep themselves in a stable state, they don't grow, and they can't make their own energy.

Hypothesize why a flu epidemic eventually stops instead of eliminating all human life.

as people develop immunities or receive vaccines, the pool of hosts diminishes.

How do bacteria reproduce?

binary fission, conjugation, transformation, and transduction

Why are prokaryotes grouped into 2 distinct domains instead of in one?

bacteria have peptidoglycan in their cell walls while archaea have totally different substances in their cell walls.

Describe 3 ways bacteria are beneficial to humans.

Nitrogen fixation, help with digesting food, and help create yogurt

Do bacteria have nuclei?

no, their dna is in the cytoplasm, specifically nucleoid

What are nitrogen-fixing bacteria?

bacteria that are capable of transforming nitrogen gas from the atmosphere into “fixed nitrogen” compounds that are usable by plants

Why are bacteria sometimes tough to destroy?

Some of them can be classified as extremophiles, surviving temperatures up to 150°C and as low as near absolute zero. They also are resistant to a lot of things due to how rapidly they reproduce and have genetic mutations.

Why do antibiotics only work on bacteria and not viruses?

Viruses are surrounded by a protective protein coating; they don't have cell walls that can be attacked by antibiotics like bacteria does.

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Bio P4 - viruses

Question	Answer
Which line on the graph best indicates the growth rate of a population of bacteria living in ideal conditions?	line 1
Describe what each pair/term has in common: lytic/lysogenic cycle, prion-virus, capsid-prion, virus-retrovirus	1. viruses undergo those cycles \| 2, They cant reproduce on own and need host cell \| 3. both r pathogenic (evade host's immune system and host to cause disease) \| 4. both need host cell to replicate
What are the 2 main parts of a virus?	Capsid, and DNA/RNA
Define retrovirus and give an example of a retrovirus.	A retrovirus is a virus that uses its own RNA to replicate inside healthy cells. EX: HIV
Make an argument for or against that viruses are living organisms.	Viruses are not made out of cells, they can't keep themselves in a stable state, they don't grow, and they can't make their own energy.
Hypothesize why a flu epidemic eventually stops instead of eliminating all human life.	as people develop immunities or receive vaccines, the pool of hosts diminishes.
What are the oldest life forms on Earth?	archaea/microbes
How do bacteria reproduce?	binary fission, conjugation, transformation, and transduction
Why are prokaryotes grouped into 2 distinct domains instead of in one?	bacteria have peptidoglycan in their cell walls while archaea have totally different substances in their cell walls.
Describe 3 ways bacteria are beneficial to humans.	Nitrogen fixation, help with digesting food, and help create yogurt
Do bacteria have nuclei?	no, their dna is in the cytoplasm, specifically nucleoid
Do bacteria have genetic material?	yes
What are nitrogen-fixing bacteria?	bacteria that are capable of transforming nitrogen gas from the atmosphere into “fixed nitrogen” compounds that are usable by plants
Why are bacteria sometimes tough to destroy?	Some of them can be classified as extremophiles, surviving temperatures up to 150°C and as low as near absolute zero. They also are resistant to a lot of things due to how rapidly they reproduce and have genetic mutations.
Why do antibiotics only work on bacteria and not viruses?	Viruses are surrounded by a protective protein coating; they don't have cell walls that can be attacked by antibiotics like bacteria does.
Which line on the graph best indicates the growth rate of a population of bacteria exposed to an effective antibiotic?	line 4
Draw & label a typical bacterial cell.
draw a diagram of a virus and label its parts

Created by: jewlsasterr

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