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French Rev
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What were the three estates in France in 1789? | first, second, third estates. first was made up of the clergy, a group related to the church. second was the nobility, got special land privileges, no taxes. third estate was all the others, 98% of population. peasants, craftsmen, 0 political representing |
| What estate did most of the French population belong to? Why? | Most of the French population belonged to the third estate because that is the estate where common folk belonged |
| How did the lives of the clergy and nobles differ from members of the Third Estate? | clergy and nobility rich no taxes third esate very hard working, poor |
| What was the social structure of the old regime in France? | Solely based on the three estates, broke up society by social class. |
| How did economic problems affect the poorer members of the Third Estate? | High taxes, no food, no money, high prices of goods |
| Why did the nobles and clergy demand that the king dismiss Jacques Necker and summon the Estates-General? | he was exposing the taxes and giving economic records out, wanting upper estates to pay taxes, upper estates did not like that. |
| What problem does deficit spending bring to a country’s government spending? | deficit spending makes taxing higher and ruins lives for poorer citizens. |
| What was the purpose of cahiers? | Cahiers were lists of complaints and problems citizens wanted the king to change at the estate general |
| Which do you think was a bigger factor in starting the French Revolution – economic troubles or social inequalities? Explain your answer | both but social because inequality makes the problems unable to change because of getting outvoted |
| What three factors led to the start of the French Revolution? | spread of enlightenment ideas, economic issues, (high taxes, deficit spending) and social inequality. |
| What actions did delegates of the Third Estate take when the Estates-General met in 1789? | formed the national assembly, tennis court oath, agreed to keep working until recognized |
| What was the significance of the storming of the Bastille? | showed monarchy third estate was legit, end absolutism, since it was a jail powerful statement of social inequality |
| Why are the Parisian women so angry with the king and queen? | high bread prices, they did shopping so they angry, womens march on versailles |
| What caused French peasants to revolt against nobles? | he extremely high taxes, the low amounts of food available, the high prices of goods, the unfairness of society, and the Great Fear. The Great Fear was a time of panic and rioting when the king was threatening to punish and overthrow the third estate. |
| What are factions? What are the advantages and disadvantages to them? | political groups that started to become popular and noticed during the French Revolution. The groups included the Jacobins and the Girondists advantages to the factions-people have more political power, but the cons are conflict and sometimes extremism. |
| Why did the nobles vote to end their privileges? | The nobles voted to end their privileges because they realized that the third estate was going to find a way to overthrow the upper estates. The main events that showcased the uprisings were the March on Versailles and the Storming of the Bastille. |
| How did the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen reflect Enlightenment ideas? | The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen reflected Enlightenment ideas through the addition of human rights, like life, liberty, and property, as John Locke and many other Enlightenment thinkers expressed. |
| How did the National Assembly react to peasant uprisings? | The National Assembly reacted to the peasant uprisings by abolishing feudalism, writing a new constitution, and starting to make society fair again. |
| What were some reforms made by the National Assembly? | Some reforms made by the National Assembly were selling church land to start to pay off France's debt, taking away the church’s political power, and making clergy members public employees. |
| What factors led to the radical phase of the Revolution? | Many factors led to the radical phase of the revolution, but the main one was the rise of factions/political parties that were continuously fighting to gain power and respect. |
| What were the provisions of the Constitution of 1791? | France becoming a constitutional monarchy, giving the king limited power and making him subject to law, creating a more set list of individual rights and a more fair society, abolished the feudal system and took away almost all the power of the clergy. |
| What occurred after radicals took control of the Assembly? | After radicals took control of the Assembly they called for a new legislative government, gave men more leeway in the voting aspect of the government, beheaded the king and queen, and started the Reign of Terror. |
| How did the Jacobins try to wipe out the old order? | Reign of Terror, a time of fear, execution by guillotine, and a leader, Robespierre, an extremist who wanted all the power, took control of the nobility’s land, limited their power. Robespierre got beheaded, changed the course of the French Revolution. |
| Why did the Convention create the Committee of Public Safety? | The Convention created the Committee of Public Safety to help defend the nation against “foreign and domestic enemies” while overseeing the different aspects of the executive government. the committee was in charge of the distribution of food. for ex |
| Why did Robespierre think the Terror was necessary to achieve the revolution's goals? | the monarchy was abusing power and anyone who did not side with him deserved to be executed. He was also a leader who believed the ends justified the means and that countries are born from revolutions, which was inspired by the U.S. and Enlightenment. |
| What group of people took control of France after the Reign of Terror? | The Directory*** a group of 5 people making political decisions. (the executive branch) This group had many flaws and dealt with a very broken country so they ended up getting taken over by Napoleon not long after they were created. |
| What changes occurred after the Reign of Terror ended? | After the Reign of Terror, the main changes that occurred were the monarchy being destroyed, Jacobin prisoners being released, the growth of nationalism, and the Committee of Public Safety was no longer in control. |
| How might nationalism affect the future of the French Revolution? | Nationalism might affect the future of the French Revolution because it would unite people against an unjust government, give people a stronger French identity, and overall make people more aware of their worth and rights |
| What changes occurred in France because of the French Revolution? | The changes that occurred in France because of the French Revolution were no more monarchy, no more feudalism, a new constitution, more representation in government, an increase in nationalism, social equality, and a more organized government. |
| How did Napoleon rise to power so quickly in France? | because of his incredible career in the French army and his numerous victories. when he took France and destroy the Directory, people were okay with it at first because he was such a famous war hero, people thought they could trust him. |
| What is the Napoleonic Code? | The Napoleonic Code was a civil code that abolished the feudal system, ended privileges based on birth, and freed serfs from manorial duties. The Napoleonic Code also organized and filtered most of France’s old law codes. |
| Why do you think Napoleon was so popular? | Napoleon was extremely popular because of the Napoleonic Code, specifically the changes he made to increase social mobility, his victories throughout his military career, and was organized and set realistic goals that the French citizens were aware of. |
| What reforms did Napoleon introduce during his rise to power? | recognizing Catholicism as France’s official religion which improved France’s relationship with the Pope, reorganizing the law codes throughout France’s government, abolishing the Estate System, and giving people born into poverty more social mobility. |
| Define the term Continental System and use it in a sentence related to the Napoleonic Age. him/his=napoleon | his plan to weaken Britain’s economy by banning trade with Britain in all countries controlled by France. started because he wanted Britain to have no money to fight a war with France. system failed - not all of the countries gave up trade with Britain. |
| How did nationalism both help and harm Napoleon? | pro-gave people something to agree on, helped him climb the political ladder by making people love france con-wanted to spread french nationalism by invading countries and forcing it upon them,, made people not like him |
| What challenges threatened Napoleon’s empire | dropping trust in his leadership, the failed Continental System, and the tension between France and the rest of Europe |
| what led to the disaster in Russia? | the disaster in Russia occurred was because Russia refused to remain in Napoleon’s Continental System. he decided to invade Russia in the middle of winter. disease and poor planning led to France’s retreat from Russia. russia bad in winter |
| How did Napoleon impact Europe and the rest of the world? | invasions, increased absolutism, changed monarchy's, gave countried ideas to have social inequality and citizens rights |
| Explain the chief goal and outcome of the Congress of Vienna. | *restore the balance of power* in Europe. outcome-restorating Europe’s royal families to power, reorganizing of Europe’s existing borders, and establising a new balance of power. Napoleon-forced to return land he gained when invading foreign countries. |
Created by:
briellekov