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LANGUAGE MOUNTAIN

Weeks 1, 2, 3, and 4 ELA Terms

QuestionAnswer
1. alliteration ALLITERATION is a type of figurative language - the repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of a word. - EX. Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers
2. antagonist An ANTAGONIST is the character working AGAINST the main character (the bad guy). EX. The Nazi soldiers in Number the Stars were the antagonists.
3. author's purpose AUTHOR's PURPOSE is the reasons authors write: to inform, to persuade, to entertain.
4. characters CHARACTERS are the people, animals, or imaginary creatures who take part in a story and help to develop the plot. EX. Annemarie, Kirsti, Brian
5. conflict CONFLICT is a struggle between opposing forces.
6. dialogue DIALOGUE is the written conversation between two or more characters. EX. "Once I had three daughters. Tonight I am proud to have three daughters again."
7. figurative language FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE is language that communicates meanings that are NOT literally what they say. EX. similes, metaphors, alliteration, idioms, onomatopoeia, personification, etc.
8. idiom An IDIOM is an expression that has a meaning different from its individual words. EX. Don't ruin the surprise by letting the cat out of the bag!
9. metaphor A METAPHOR is a comparison of two things WITHOUT using like or as. EX. Jeffrey is a beast on the soccer field.
10. narrator The NARRATOR of a story is the voice that tells the story. This is not the same as an author.
11. onomatopoeia ONOMOTOPOEIA is a type of figurative language using a word(s) that convey a certain sound. EX. Bang! Splat! Buzz!
12. personification PERSONIFICATION is a type of figurative language that gives human qualities to an animal, object, or idea. EX. The flower danced in the wind.
13. rising action The RISING ACTION of a story is comprised of the problem and events that develop the conflict in the plot. (events leading UP the mountain)
14. climax CLIMAX is the point of greatest interest in a story. (The peak, or TOP, of the mountain.)
15. falling action The FALLING ACTION of a story occurs after the climax when the story begins to draw to a close. (going DOWN the mountain)
16. resolution The final outcome or solution to a story's problem is known as the RESOLUTION.
17. first person point of view FIRST PERSON POV is when a character in a story tells the story and uses the pronouns I/me. EX. Ellen and I set the table for dinner.
18. second person point of view SECOND PERSON POV uses the pronoun YOU to convey information to the reader. EX. First, you set the table dinner.
19. third person point of view THIRD PERSON POV is when a narrator, not a character, tells a story. EX. Ellen and Annemarie set the table for dinner.
20. protagonist The PROTAGONIST is a character (THE GOOD GUY) in a story that is involved in the main conflict. EX. In Number the Stars, the Johansens were considered the protagonists because they helped to save the Rosens and other Jews.
21, setting The SETTING of a story is the TIME and PLACE where action happens. It may be a geographic location, historical period, season, time of day, and culture. EX. Canadian wilderness in summer or Copenhagen, Denmark on a street called Osterbrogade in September
22. simile A SIMILE is a type of figurative language that makes a comparison between two unlike things using the words LIKE or AS. EX. The soldier was like a giraffe with his long neck.
23. theme The THEME of a story is the BIG IDEA or the LESSON that the author wants you to learn. One theme of Number the Stars is that ordinary people can make a difference.
24. atlas An ATLAS is a bound collection, or book, of maps.
25. dictionary A DICTIONARY is a book that gives information on words, like their spellings, definitions, parts of speech, etc. The words are arranged in ABC order (alphabetically) to make them easy to locate.
26. encyclopedia An ENCYCLOPEDIA is a SET OF BOOKS or online informational resource containing FACTS on various topics. They are also arranged in alphabetical order.
27. glossary A GLOSSARY is a list of words, used throughout the text, and their meanings located at the BACK of the book.
28. table of contents The TABLE of CONTENTS is found at the beginning of some books. It shows how the book is divided into sections/chapters, and includes the page numbers where each section begins.
29. analyzing The term ANALYZE means to break down and closely examine the parts of something so that you can better understand it.
30. annotating The term ANNOTATING refers to taking notes or marking a book so that key points and/or main ideas stand out. It includes underlining and highlighting to help the reader understand and remember information.
31. comparing finding the similarities between 2 or more things
32. contrasting finding the differences between 2 or more things
33. making inferences using what you know PLUS what you read to make a conclusion
34. fiction literature in the form of prose, especially short stories and novels, that describe made up or imaginary events/people
35. historical fiction a genre of fiction that is set in the past and may involve true information about real people, places, or significant events from history EX--Number the Stars is historical fiction
36. nonfiction prose writing that includes only true information (FACTS) about real people, real places, and real events
37. poem a type of writing using verses and stanzas
38. drama story in the form of a play
39. prose ordinary stories written in sentences and paragraphs
40. character trait(s) a word that describes a characters personality or behavior as noted by their words, thoughts, actions, and relationship with other characters
41. physical trait(s) the way a character looks physically (on the outside) what you can see from details EX. Annemarie was tall and lanky, with long blonde hair and blue eyes but Ellen was short and stocky with dark hair and rosy cheeks
42. sequence or chronological events in order of step by step, a process, or time order
43. illustration a drawn picture that helps tell a story
44. cause/effect the reason for an action and what follows EX. I got a ticket because I ran the red light.
45. stage directions directions in a drama that tell the character what to do/how to ack on stage
46. verse ONE LINE of a poem
47. stanza a group of verses in a poem (similar to a paragraph in prose)
48. expository essay an essay written to INFORM
49. persuasive essay an essay that gives your OPINION
50. narrative essay an essay that tells a STORY and has characters, setting, and plot
51. evidence proof to support your answer from the story
52. text structure the way information in a nonfiction text is organized to help the reader comprehend - description, compare/contrast, sequence, cause and effect, problem and solution
53. main idea what the WHOLE story is about
54. summary/summarize short statement(s) of the MAIN POINTS about a story...minor details are not included in a summary/when you summarize
55. author person who WRITES a story
56. structural elements in PROSE characters, setting, problem/solution (plot) and dialogue
57. structural elements in POETRY verses, stanzas, meter, rhythm, rhyme
58. structural elements in DRAMA dialogue, cast of characters, stage directions
59. antonyms words with OPPOSITE meanings
60. synonyms words with SIMILAR meanings
Created by: terriemcclure
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