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= Pathology Intro
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the infectious agents | viruses bacteria fungi animal parasites prions |
| acute | rapid onset, brief, can be severe |
| chronic | prolonged, long term, can be low intensity |
| comorbid | coexistence of two or more disease processes |
| complication | a process or event that occurs during the course of a disease that is not an essential part of that disease |
| contraindicated | describing an intervention that may have a negative outcome in a given situation |
| demographic | an identified group of people about which information is gathered |
| diagnosis | the determination of the nature of a disease, injury, or defect |
| endemic | a pattern of disease incidence that is limited to a particular population or area |
| epidemic | widespread outbreak of a contagious disease |
| idiopathic | a disease of unknown origin |
| incidence | the number of new cases of people falling ill with a specified disease during a specified specific period within a specific population |
| indication | the basis for an intervention that is likely to have a positive outcome in a given condition |
| lesion | a pathologic change in tissue |
| local | describing a limited area of the body |
| morbidity | a diseased state, the ratio of sick to well people within a population |
| mortality | death rate from a specific disease |
| pandemic | a contagious disease affecting the global population |
| prevalance | the number of cases of a disease existing in a given population during a specific period or at a particular moment; the proportion of people affected |
| prodrome | an early or predictive symptom of a disease |
| prognosis | expected outcome of a disease or disorder |
| sequela/ae | condition following the consequence of a disease |
| sign | an objectively observable indication of a disease or disorder |
| stenosis | abnormal narrowing of any canal or orifice |
| subacute | between acute and chronic; a stage in healing or tissue repair |
| symptom | collection of signs and symptoms associated with a specific disease process |
| systemic | describing a whole- body involvement |
| trauma | a physical or mental injury |
| viruses | packets of DNA or RNA wrapped in a proteins coat called a capsid, they need a host. Outside of a host they are fragile and disintegrate quickly |
| common viruses | herpes simplex, gastroenteritis, hepatitis B and hepatitis C |
| bacteria | single celled micro-organism, can survive outside of a host, can invade health cells or release enzymes or toxins that will destroy health cells |
| common bacteria | tuberculosis, C-difficile, tetanus, anthrax |
| bacteria can present in different shapes | >spherical - cocci, paired cocci - diplococci, >grape bunches - staphylococci >chains - streptococci >elongated, rod shaped >spiral >mycoplasma - tiny microorganisms without a cell wall |
| Example of spherical - paired cocci | diplococci (pneumonia) |
| example of staphylococci | MRSA |
| example of chains - streptococci | strep throat, rheumatic fever, flesh eating |
| example of bacilli | TB, C-dif |
| example of spiral bacterial | Helicobacter pylori (cause of peptic ulcerations), |
| example of flexible spiral bacteria (spirochetes) | syphilis, Lyme disease |
| examples of mycoplasma | STD, pneumonia |
| fungi | includes mushrooms, yeasts, and molds. |
| examples of fungi infections | candidiasis, ringworm, athletes foot, jock itch |
| animal parasites | unicellular or multicellular protozoa, helminths and roundworms, arthropods, others that do not live on a host |
| example of protozoa | giardiasis, malaria |
| examples of arthropods | head lice, crab lice, scabies |
| examples of other animal parasites | mosquitoes, ticks, fleas, bedbugs |
| prions | comprised of proteins but without DNA or RNA, affected neuronal activity and degeneration, eventually fatal |
| examples of prions | mad cow disease, scrapie, chronic wasting disease (deer) |
| PRICEM | Protect Rest Ice Compression Elevation Movement |
| cleaning | removal of soil through manual or mechanical means |
| disinfection | destruction of pathogenic microorganisms or their toxins by direct exposure to chemical or physical agents, bacterial spores may be spared |
| sterilization | destruction of all microorganisms in a give field: baking, steam under pressure, chemicals under pressure |
| sanitation | measures used to promote health and prevent disease |
| plain soap | detergent with no or little to no antimicrobial products |
| antimicrobial soap | detergent with antimicrobial product |
| alcohol based hand rub or gel | 60-95% of alcohol |
| standard precautions | set of protocols that create uniformity; guidelines on how to prevent exposure to infectious agents or airborne pathogens |
| universal precautions | limit the risk of infection related specifically to blood |
| Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and mad cow disease are both | prion related |
| TB and MRSA are both | bacteria related |
| Hepatitis B and Herpes Simplex are both | virus related |
| Ringwork is caused by | fungi |
| Which bodily fluid is considered to be the most infectious | semen |
| what is the best choice for soap in a massage clinic bathroom | plain liquid soap |
| rubor | redness |
| calor | heat, warmth |
| dolor | pain, great sorrow or distress |
| tumor | swelling |
| What produces extracellular matrix | fibroblasts |
| What class of medication will a client most likely use to manage mild inflammation related to a sore ankle | NSAID nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
Created by:
PRO Teacher
Zenfenn