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History Exam
Semester 1 exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The trade route that shipped African slaves to the Americas | middle passage |
| _______made maps that aided in navigation and led to new discoveries | cartographers |
| ______was the Aztec emperor | moctezuma |
| ______are people who take a financial risk to make profits | entrepreneurs |
| ______was a system used to force Native Americans to labor under brutal conditions | ecomiendas |
| ______is an economic policy based on a nation exporting more goods than its imports; more gold and silver | mercantilism |
| _____was an explorer who fought and defeated the Aztecs | Hernan Cortez |
| _____led an expedition that became the first to circumnavigate the earth | Ferdinand Magallan |
| _____are people born in Spain and Portugal; held by the most important govt. jobs and other important positions | Peninsulares |
| Complete control of a product or business by one person or group is called a_____ | monopoly |
| Which phrase best completes the cause for European exploration? | Desire for direct access to the valuable Asian spice trade |
| Europeans wanted to find a faster route to? | Asia |
| Which statement is true about Portuguese exploration? | The portuguese found a trade route through the Indian Ocean to Asia |
| Why did Europeans want spices from Asia? | Not grown in Europe and helped mask spoiled foods, used for medicine |
| Important man of Portugal who sponsored the Portugal explorations. Creator of many maps and charts. (Royalty title) | Prince Henry |
| Ferdinand Magellan was from? | portugal |
| Who said this about the Taínos who lived in the West Indies? "Artless and generous . . . to such a degree as no one would believe but him who had seen it." | Christopher columbus |
| Vasco de Gama tried and did reach… | The West coast of India |
| Which statement is true about European conquests in the Americas? | Columbus's men assaulted Taíno men and women and claimed their land for Spain. |
| Which was a major impact of Spanish colonization of the Americas? | For the first time, sea routes connected much of the world. |
| How were the Aztec and Inca empires impacted by Spanish conquistadors and European colonization? | Conquistadors destroyed the empires, and then Europeans built new settlements. |
| Which statement most accurately describes the encounter between Hernán Cortés and the Aztecs? | The Spanish scorned the Aztecs' religion and sought to convert them to Christianity. |
| The SPEAKER, who was seized from a Nigerian village at the age of 11 by slave traders, is... | Olaudah Equiano |
| What can be inferred about the slave trade in Africa? | The Europeans had more footholds on coastal Africa than the inland areas. |
| Many slaves on the middle passage were packed inside the ships and on the decks of the ships. true or false | True |
| individual space allotment that was 6 feet long, 16 inches wide, and perhaps 3 feet high (183 cm by 41 cm by 91 cm). Unable to stand erect or turn over, is describing... | The middle passage |
| These items are not in proper order: Treaty of Tordesillas Signed/Dutch Built Capetown/Magellan sets out for the Pacific/Columbus Returned to Spain (Which one happened last?) | Dutch built Capetown |
| A result of the Columbian Exchange was horses were brought to the Americas from Europe being adapted by Native Americans. true or false? | true |
| Which two events were most directly responsible for major population migrations in the 1700s? | the columbian exchange and atlantic slave trade |
| Which statement describes a characteristic of the free enterprise system of capitalism that expanded in Europe in the 1500s? | Most businesses were privately operated by risk-taking entrepreneurs. |
| What was an effect of the movement of foods like corn and potatoes from the Western Hemisphere to the Eastern Hemisphere? | Foods form the americas contributed to population growth around the world |
| ______ is an unchanging principle, discovered through reason, that governs human conduct | Natural law |
| _____is allowing business to operate with little or no government interference | laissez faire |
| _____are informal social gatherings | salons |
| _____is an agreement by which people limit individual rights, thus creating an organized society | social contract |
| How did the Scientific Revolution lead to the Enlightenment? | It encouraged people to use reason to solve problems. |
| With which statement would Enlightenment thinker John Locke have agreed? | People have the right to overthrow a government that violates their rights. |
| In The Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith argued that | The free market should regulate business and supply and demand will work |
| Against excessive bail, fines, and cruel and unusual punishment (8th Amendment) | Beccaria |
| Believed people were cruel and corrupt and needed a strong ruler to keep them in check | Hobbes |
| The philosophe who used sarcasm and FREE SPEECH to expose government abuse was | Voltaire |
| Created an encyclopedia that helped spread information and allowed people think more for themselves | Diderot |
| Advocated for equal rights and equal education for men and women | Wollstonecraft |
| Rousseau wrote, "Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains." What kind of government did he favor to insure freedom? | Free elected government |
| Philosophes and other writers avoid censorship by writing using their real names. true or false) | False |
| The _______ was apart of the French middle class | bourgeoisie |
| The _________ was an economic war tactic in which Napoleon closed European ports to British goods | Continental System |
| ________ is popular vote by ballot | plebiscite |
| The ________ is a group of laws that reflect Enlightenment principles; equality before the law, religious freedom, male authority | Napoleonic Code |
| _______ was one of the main leaders in the Reign of Terror | Robespierre |
| The ________ was the old order in which France was divided into three social classes | ancien regime |
| ________ was used as the main method for carrying out executions during the Reign of Terror | guillotine |
| King _______ of France who was captured and executed for being a traitor | Louis XVI |
| _______ is a war tactic of hit-and-run attacks | guerilla warfare |
| Which of these options applies to the First Estate and Second Estate rather than the Third Estate? | Paid few taxes |
| Most people of France belonged to the…. | 3rd Estate |
| Which statement most accurately interprets the portrayal of the First, Second, and Third Estates of France? | The privileged fear the anger of the underprivileged in the Third Estate. |
| Which economic plan, which might have helped prevent the French Revolution, was dismissed by the government of Louis XVI? | Taxation of the First and Second Estate |
| "Terror is only justice prompt, severe and inflexible; it is then an emanation of virtue."—Maximilien Robespierre, 1794 The viewpoint expressed in this quotation was most directly put into action through the use of the | Guillotine |
| Which group made up the "Second Estate" under France's ancien régime? | Nobles |
| Which groups in France would have been most likely to support the Reign of Terror? | Sans-culottes and Jacobins |
| How did France change under the National Assembly? | France became a Republic |
| In what way did the Congress of Vienna try to limit French ambition? | It surrounded France with strong countries |
| How did the Directory's actions ultimately lead to the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte? | They were weak and corrupt |
| Napoleon crowning himself in his coronation was Napoleon asserting he is the source of his own authority. true or false? | true |
| Under the Napoleonic Code... | All men were equal before the law |
| Participants in the Tennis Court Oath swore to continue meeting until they were able to bring about | Create a just Constitution |
| Why was the storming of the Bastille on July 14, 1789, an important event in the French Revolution? | It challenged the king's authority. |
| Which best describes the impact of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen? | It abolished the monarchy and established a republic |
| How did France's radical revolutionaries try to protect the revolution? | By dealing with “enemies” of the revolution harshly |
| What was the name of Napoleon’s set rules and regulations that changed the legal system? | Napoleonic Code |
| The revolution with King Louis XVI, Bastille, and Napoleon happened in what country? | france |
| This national holiday was first created to honor all veterans of World War I now honors ALL veterans who have fought and currently serving... | Veterans Day |
| Who is Father Miguel Hidalgo? | The first mexican priest called for "el Grito de Delores |
| Who is Toussaint L'Ouventure ? | A freedom fighter for Haitian independence |
| Who is Father Jose Morelos? | The second Mexican priest to lead rebellion used rebels |
| Who is Simon Bolivar? | "The liberator" |
| Who is Jose de San Martin? | General freed chile and argentina |
| Which nation claimed the region extending from Mexico to South America: (France or Spain) | spain |
| The Latin American revolutions took place against (Asia Powers or European Powers) | European Powers |
| What was the main factor in determining a person's social status in the colonies in Latin America? (Race, wealth, or politics) | Race |
| What was the main reason Bolívar and other educated creoles admired the American and French Revolutions? | Liberty and Equality and Enlightenment |
| "In overthrowing me, you have cut down in San Domingo only the trunk of the tree of liberty." —Toussaint L'Ouverture These words proved accurate when what country surrendered to Haiti? | france |
| What aspect of the French Revolution inspired creole leaders like Simón Bolívar? (French Revolution Slogan) | liberty and equality |
| What was the spark that finally ignited widespread rebellion in Latin America? | Napoleon invaded Spain |
| Haitian slaves rose up in revolt in 1791 after being inspired by liberty and ____ | Equality |
| What did Father Hidalgo and Father Morelos have in common? | They both wanted better conditions for all Mexicans |
| Why was Simón Bolívar disappointed with the results of the Latin American revolutions? | A united nation did not happen “no Gran Colombia” |
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