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Unit 4 Achievements
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| architecture | The design and construction of buildings and structures |
| pyramid | Built by the Egyptians as a final resting place for the pharaohs |
| ziggurat | Mesopotamian temples built to worship the gods |
| Colosseum | Amphitheater where Romans gathered to watch battles for entertainment |
| Parthenon | A Greek temple dedicated to the goddess Athena |
| Great Wall | Built to protect China from invasions |
| concrete | a building material used by the Romans to make long lasting roads and arches |
| Greek architecture | use of columns in buildings; there were three main types of columns = Doric, Ionic, Corinthian |
| Roman architecture | use of arches and domes made out of concrete in buildings in the Roman Empire |
| infrastructure | The basic structures, facilities, and equipment needed within a society (roads, irrigation, plumbing, sewers, etc.) |
| aqueducts | channel that moves water over a long distance; most famously associated with the Romans but most likely invented by Minoans (in Crete) |
| canals | an artificial waterway created to transport water for irrigation |
| irrigation | the process of moving water from one place to another, often for farming purposes |
| levee | an embankment built to prevent the overflow of a river or flooding |
| written language | writing down symbols and words that represent gestures and spoken words; makes it possible to unite people across large areas |
| papyrus | reeds found along the Nile River; used to make paper in Ancient Egypt |
| stylus | writing tool used in ancient times, often used on clay tablets |
| cuneiform | a system of writing in which wedge-shaped symbols represented words or syllables; originated in Mesopotamia; considered the first system of writing |
| hieroglyphics | Egyptian writing that involved using pictures to represent words |
| Rosetta Stone | A stone slab inscribed with text that was written in two forms of hieroglyphics and Greek; from this Stone, historians were able to translate hieroglyphics for the first time |
| hymns | religious songs or poems to praise God or a god |
| myth | a story that people tell to explain their beliefs about the world and nature |
| artifact | an object made by a human being, typically an item of cultural or historical interest |
| wheel | invented in Mesopotamia, the wheel improved transportation methods |
| cultural values | a society's deeply held beliefs about what is most important to them |
| roads | used by Romans and Incas; improved transportation methods; improved trade and the spread of ideas |
| philosopher | a person who studies ideas about knowledge, right and wrong, reasoning, and the value of things |
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