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AP Psych
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are flash bulb memories and provide and example? | Clear, vivid memories of a surprising or significant event. Ex. You remember what you were doing when you heard about 9/11 |
| Long-term memory | the relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system |
| Short-term memory | activated memory that holds a few items briefly before the info is stored or forgotten |
| What is the difference between automatic processing and effort processing? | Automatic processing - unconscious encoding of incidental info Effort processing - encoding that requires attention and conscious effort |
| What are mnemonic devices and provide an example. | Memory aids, techniques that use vivid imagery and organization to recall something Ex. ROYGBIV |
| Serial positioning effect | tendency to recall the last and first items in a list better than the middle |
| Rosy retrospection | tendency to recall events more positively than we evaluated them at the time because we remember the high points and forget the mundane points |
| Chunking | organizing info into meaningful, manageable units to recall it easier |
| Difference between iconic and echoic memory | Iconic memory - sensory memory of visual stimuli Echoic memory - sensory memory of auditory stimuli |
| Long-term Potentiation (LTP) | an increase in a cell's firing potential after brief, rapid stimulation |
| Amnesia | loss of memories, including facts and experiences |
| Distinguish between implicit and explicit memory | Implicit memory - skills and new associations Explicit memory - recollection of factual info, previous experiences and concepts |
| Recall | a measure of memory in which the person must retrieve info learned earlier |
| Retrieval Cues | anchor points you can use to access information when you want to retrieve it later |
| Recognition | a measure of memory in which the person only needs to identify terms previously learned |
| Priming | the activation, often unconscious, of particular associations in memory |
| Deja vu | the eerie sense of "I've done this before" Cues from current situation may trigger retrieval of earlier moments |
| Mood-congruent theory | the tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with one's current good or bad mood |
| What is proactive interference and provide an example | Disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new info Ex. If you get a new phone number, memory of the old one may interfere |
| What is retroactive interference and provide and example | Disruptive effect of new learning on recall of old info Ex. Teacher cannot remember names of old student as easily as new students |
| Source amnesia | faulty memory of where, how, when info was learned or imagined |
| Misinformation effect | occurs when misleading info has distorted one's memory of an event |
| Infantile amnesia | we don't remember events in the first 3 years of our lives |
| What are some similarities and differences between true and false memories? | They both can be equally remembered. But true memories have more details. |
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MKit26