Question 1

Which of the following statements describes a feature shared by mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum that increases the efficiency of their basic functions?

Accepted Answer

They have highly folded membranes.

Question 2

Which of the following best describes a process that occurs within the Golgi complex?

Accepted Answer

Enzymatic modification of newly synthesized integral membrane proteins.

Question 3

Which of the following function differences between the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is explained by the structural differences between them?

Accepted Answer

Rough ER can synthesize and package protiens for export, and smooth ER cannot.

Question 4

Based on the model the newly synthesized proteins is transported directly form the endoplasmic reticulum to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The Golgi complex

Question 5

Which of the following is a scientific claim about how the structure of the mitochondria in muscle cells should be different than it is in other cells because of high energy demands of mitochondira?

Accepted Answer

The inner membrane of the mitochondria in muscle cells should have more folds to increase the surface area, allowing more ATP to be synthesized.

Question 6

Which of the following accurately describes a model of active transport?

Accepted Answer

A membrane protein binds a specific molecule outside of the cell and moves the molecule into the cell where there is already a high concentration of the molecule compared with the outside.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains how the extensive folding of the inner mitochondrial membrane benefits a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

It increases the area available for protiens involved in energy transfer.

Question 8

Which of the following claims a scientifically accurate and consistent with an observation that a decrease in lysosome production wihtin a cell leads to a decline in mitochondrial acitivity?

Accepted Answer

Fewer lysosomes will be avaliable to break down macromolecule to provide the necessary nutrients for cellular repiration.

Question 9

Which of the following outcomes will most likely result from a loss of ion pump function in the cell's lysosome?

Accepted Answer

The internal pH of the lysosomes will increase, which will prevent the activation of hydrolytic enzymes and interfere with the intracellular digestion of food.

Question 10

Water enters and leaves the plant cells primarily by...

Accepted Answer

osmosis

Question 11

which of the following best describes the numbered aeras?

Accepted Answer

Area 1 and 3 are polar, since the membrane molecules are aligned with water molecules.

Question 12

which statement best explains the orientation of the phospholipid molecules in this model

Accepted Answer

the hydrophilic phosphate groups of the phospholipid molecules are attracted to the aqueous internal and external environments

Question 13

which of the following describes the most likely between transpiration and what intake in the plant

Accepted Answer

transpiration from the leaves of the plant stimulates subsequent water intake by the roots of the plants

Question 14

if ATP breakdown (hydrolysis) in inhibited, which of the following types of movement across cell membranes is also inhibited?

Accepted Answer

passage of a solute against its concentration gradients

Question 15

Which of the following data would support the alternative hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

cell with mutated aquaporins exhibit moderate turgor pressure and are hypertonic.

Question 16

which statement best describes the effect on water transport across the cell membrane if the aquaporins in the figure ceases to function

Accepted Answer

water moelcules will still be able to move across the cell membrane but at a slower rate

Question 17

which investigator will help determine whether the new membrane protein is a channel protein involved in membrane transport.

Accepted Answer

add more of the proteins to the plasma membrane and mearire the rate of particle movement

Question 18

whihc of the following componenets of the cell memrbane is responsible for active transport

Accepted Answer

protein

Question 19

Which of the following, if true about the drug, best supports the alternative hypothesis that the new drug will exhibit
simple diffusion across plasma membranes?

Accepted Answer

The drug is a small nonpolar molecule.

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true regarding the movement of substances across cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

Ions are unable to move through the phospholipid bilayer because the nonpolar tail regions of the
phospholipids are hydrophobic.

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APBIO Semester Test