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plate tectonics
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ocean treanch | an under sea valley that repersents one of the deepest parts of the ocean |
| mid ocean ridge | an under sea mountain chain where new ocean floor is produced |
| sea floor spreading | the process by which molten material adds new oceanic crust to the ocean floor |
| subduction | oceanic crust sinks beneath a deep ocean trench and back into the mantle at a convergent plate boundry |
| plate boundry | area where two or more tectonic plates bump into each other |
| continental crust | the relatively thick part of the earths crust that forms the large landmasses. |
| continental shelf | `the edge of a continent that lies under the ocean |
| converged plate boundry | where two plates are moving toward each other |
| divergent plate boundry | a plate boundry where two plates move away from each other. |
| transform boundry | a plate boundry where two plates move past each other in oppisite directions. |
| earthquake | the shaking that results from the movement of beneath the earths surface |
| fracture zone | a long narrow rift on the ocean floor separating areas of differing depth |
| seismic wave | vibrations that travel throgh earth carrying the energy released during a earthquake |
| magnitude | the measure of a earthquake strenth based on seismic waves |
| tsunami | a giant wave usually caused by a earthquake |
| hotspot | a large plume of hot mantle material rising from deep within the earth |
| metamorphic rock | a type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat pressure or chemical reactions |
| volcano | a weak spot in the crust where the magma has come to the surface |
| dormant | a volcano that is not currently active but able to become active in the future |
| extinct | a volcano that is no longer active and unlikely to erupt again |